Petro Poroshenko Bloc "Solidarity"

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Lua error in Module:Infobox at line 235: malformed pattern (missing ']'). Petro Poroshenko Bloc "Solidarity" (Ukrainian: Блок Петра Порошенка «Солідарність», Blok Petra Poroshenka «Solydarnist») is a political party in Ukraine created on August 27, 2014. However it has its roots in a parliamentary fraction called Solidarity created in 2000[10] and has existed since in various forms as a political outlet of Petro Poroshenko.

The party won the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election with 132 seats, more than any other party.[11][12]

On 28 August 2015 the Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform merged into the party.[1] Subsequently UDAR party leader and Kyiv mayor Vitali Klitschko became the new party head, replacing Yuriy Lutsenko.[1]

History

Solidarity (2001–2002)

The party started in 2000 as a parliamentary faction called "Solidarity",[10] set up by Petro Poroshenko, until then a member of the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) faction.[13][14] Taras Kuzio claims that this happened with the help of then President Kuchma, who allegedly wanted to limit the influence of the SDPU(u).[13] Many deputies elected in 1998 for the Peasant Party of Ukraine and Hromada joined the new parliamentary faction.[13][15] Based on his parliamentary faction Poroshenko eventually established the Party of Ukraine's Solidarity.[15][16] In 2000 that party merged into what would become the Party of Regions (later to become for a period the biggest party of Ukraine[17]) and Poroshenko became a Party of Regions deputy.[15]

In 2001 Porroshenko expressed interest in the creation of the Our Ukraine Bloc.[15] However, in order to receive quote in Our Ukraine he had to join the bloc with his whole party.[15][18] The Party of Ukraine's Solidarity failed to break away from the Party of Regions, therefore Poroshenko decided to create a new phantom party with a similar name, the party "Solidarity".[15] At the 2002 parliamentary elections Solidarity was able to join Our Ukraine.[19] Top party members who received a parliamentary mandate on party list of the Our Ukraine electoral bloc in 2002 were Volodymyr Plyutynsky, Volodymyr Makeyenko, Eduard Matviychuk, Anatoliy Korchynsky, while a single constituency in Vinnytsia Oblast was won by Petro Poroshenko.

After 2002 Solidarity stopped participating in elections.[10][20] In 2004, the party left Our Ukraine, and was represented by 23 deputies in the Verkhovna Rada (the forming of new factions whose parties were not directly elected into parliament was not unique in Ukraine at the time.)[clarification needed][21] In March 2013 the Ministry of Justice asked the Central Election Commission of Ukraine for evidence that Solidarity had not been involved in elections since 2003.[15]

On 17 June 2013 Fatherland member of parliament Yuriy Stets became head of the party.[18] Stets was a member of the united opposition's political council.[18]

On 16 October 2013 a court cancelled the registration certificate of Solidarity.[15] The party could have challenged this on appeal, but did not[15] and was legally eliminated on 31 December 2013 "due to lack of reporting".[22] and because for more than 10 years had not participated in any election.[15]

Petro Poroshenko Bloc

Early in 2014 Poroshenko became leader of the National Alliance of freedom and Ukrainian patriotism "OFFENSIVE", which was renamed "All-Ukrainian Union Solidarity".[15][22] By doing so, Poroshenko de facto prolonged the life of Solidarity and de facto merged the National Alliance of freedom and Ukrainian patriotism "OFFENSIVE" into Solidarity[15][22] (legally the original party "Solidarity" does not exist anymore[15][22]). In May and June 2014, Ukrayinska Pravda characterised the party as "a myth with no website, unknown phone numbers and non existing addresses".[15][22] At the 2014 presidential election, Poroshenko was elected President of Ukraine.[23][24][25][26][27]

During a 27 August 2014 party congress, the "All-Ukrainian Union Solidarity" changed its name to "Bloc of Petro Poroshenko",[28] and elected the former Minister of Internal Affairs, Yuriy Lutsenko, as the new leader of the party.[28]

On 2 September, Vitali Klitschko, then parliamentary leader of the Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform, stated that since his party and the Petro Poroshenko Bloc had agreed to joint participation in parliamentary elections on 29 March 2014, the two parties were in discussion about running a joint list at the October 26 parliamentary election.[29] On 15 September it became clear that 30% of the Petro Poroshenko Bloc election list would be filled by members of UDAR and that UDAR leader Klitschko was at the top of this list, Klitschko vowed not to resign as incumbent Mayor of Kiev.[30] According to political scientist Tadeusz A. Olszański (in mid-September 2014) this deal with UDAR "enables it to use that party's large-scale structures, which the Poroshenko Bloc itself lacks".[31]

Party support (% of the votes cast) in different regions of Ukraine (in the 2014 election).

The party won the parliamentary election with 132 seats, beating the runner-up People's Front, who won 82 seats.[12] People's Front was first in the nationwide party vote (22.14% against 21.81%) but the party won 69 constituency seats while People's Front won only 18.[12] On 27 November 2014, the party formed a parliamentary faction of 145 people (at the opening session of the new parliament).[32]

On 21 November 2014 the party became a member of the coalition supporting the current second Yatsenyuk government and endorsed nine new ministers for the government.[33][34]

In March 2015 "Solidarity" was added to the name "Bloc of Petro Poroshenko" and party leader Lutsenko announced that the party preferred to be referred to as "Solidarity" because "We need to move away from forming parties with one leader".[35][36]

On 28 August 2015 UDAR and Petro Poroshenko Bloc officially merged into Petro Poroshenko Bloc.[1] UDAR party leader Vitali Klitschko became so the new party leader.[1]

The party was one of the winners of the 2015 Ukrainian local elections.[37] It did well in West and central Ukraine and Kherson Oblast region.[38][39]

According to Ukrainian media research of February 2016 22% of the parties representatives in regional councils and 12% of the parties parliamentary deputies were former members of the Party of Regions.[40]

(Following the fall of the second Yatsenyuk government) the party joined the coalition that supports the 14 April 2016 installed Groysman Government.[41]

Ideology and positions

The party officially decries populism and advocates for pragmatism and realism.[42] According to Oleg Varfolomeyev of the Eurasia Daily Monitor the party is a liberal party (and UDAR was as well).[6] According to Bohdan Butkevych of the The Ukrainian Week the party does not have an idealogical unity.[43] Due to the fact the party was created shortly before the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election an then its "party list was drawn up by taking almost anyone who was ready and willing to invest their own resources".[43] Hence its parliamentary faction consists of people who "have very different interests, methods of getting into parliament and plans".[43] (Hence) the parties MP's tend not to vote alike.[43]

The party broadly reflects Poroshenko's ideology. On August 27, 2014 newly elected party leader Yuriy Lutsenko stated that the Petro Poroshenko Bloc should help Poroshenko implement his election promises.[44] Official party positions include:[42]

In the War in Donbass the party advocates an end to the conflict by peaceful means.[31]

Party leaders

Date Party leader
2001–2001 Mykhailo Antonyuk
2001–2002 Petro Poroshenko[47]
2002–2013 Party inactive
2013–2014 Yuriy Stets[18]
2014–2015 Yuriy Lutsenko
2015–present Vitali Klitschko

Election results

Election results for Solidarity political party and Petro Poroshenko Bloc.

Verkhovna Rada

Solidarity
Year Popular vote  % of popular vote Overall seats won Seat change Government
2002 Our Ukraine
5 / 450
Increase 5 Opposition
2006 Did not participate
2007
2012
Petro Poroshenko Bloc
Year Popular vote  % of popular vote Overall seats won Seat change Government
2014 3,433,336 21.83%
132 / 450
Increase 132 Coalition government

Presidential elections

Election year Candidate # of 1st round votes  % of 1st round vote # of 2nd round votes  % of 2nd round vote Won/Loss
2014 Petro Poroshenko 9,857,308 54.7 Won

References

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External links

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 (Ukrainian) Databases ASD: Political parties in Ukraine
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Ukrainian Political Update by Taras Kuzio and Alex Frishberg, Frishberg & Partners, 21 February 2008 (page 22)
  14. ↑ Chocolate tycoon heads for landslide victory in Ukraine presidential election, The Guardian (23 May 2014)
    The Return of the Prodigal Son, Who Never Left Home, The Ukrainian Week (30 March 2012)
    Who will lead Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) and where?, Den (27 February 2014)
  15. ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 15.12 15.13 (Ukrainian) Poroshenko goes to work, Ukrayinska Pravda (6 June 2014)
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ After the parliamentary elections in Ukraine: a tough victory for the Party of Regions, Centre for Eastern Studies (7 November 2012)
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 United Twice, The Ukrainian Week (2 July 2013)
  19. ↑ Communist and Post-Communist Parties in Europe, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2008, ISBN 3-525-36912-3 (page 391)
  20. ↑ (Ukrainian) Results of voting in single constituencies in 2012 & Nationwide list, Central Election Commission of Ukraine
  21. ↑ Ukraine Political Parties, GlobalSecurity.org (Archived from the original on 17 November 2014)
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 (Ukrainian) Poroshenko and void, Ukrayinska Pravda (16 May 2014)
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[dead link]
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  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Poroshenko wants coalition to be formed before parliamentary elections, Interfax-Ukraine (27 August 2014)
    Solidarity Party to be renamed Bloc of Petro Poroshenko – congress, Interfax-Ukraine (27 August 2014)
  29. ↑ (Ukrainian) Block Poroshenko and kick off to the polls together, TVi (2 September 2014)
  30. ↑ (Russian) Pilots, combat, and journalists. Who goes to the new Verkhovna Rada, Korrespondent.net (September 15, 2014)
    Klitschko: I lead my team to Parliament, UDAR official website (14.09.2014)
    Deadline for nomination of candidates running in early election to Rada expires, ITAR-TASS (September 15, 2014)
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  32. ↑ (Ukrainian) In Parliament created a faction, Ukrayinska Pravda (27 November 2014)
  33. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  37. ↑ Poroshenko Bloc, Batkivschyna, Nash Kray get largest number of seats in local councils – Ukrainian Voters Committee, Interfax-Ukraine (12 November 2015)
  38. ↑ Why a 'Star Wars' Emperor Won Office in Ukraine, Bloomberg News (26 October 2015)
    Exit Polls Show Ukraine Divided For, Against Poroshenko Rule, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (27 October 2015)
    After Ukraine’s Local Elections: Early Misinterpretations, Carnegie Europe (27 October 2015)
    Poroshenko hobbles on, Politico Europe (26 October 2015)
    Week’s milestones. Elections to be continued, blackmail in Minsk, and emotional lustration, UNIAN (27 October 2015)
  39. ↑ www.cvk.gov.ua (Ukrainian)
  40. ↑ (Ukrainian) Media: the BPP 22% of the members of regional councils and 12% of MPs - ex- "Regions", Ukrayinska Pravda (February 7, 2016)
  41. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
    New Cabinet formed in Ukraine, UNIAN (14 April 2016)
    Week’s balance: PM Groysman, Rada’s sabotage, and disappointing IMF forecast, UNIAN (18 April 2016)
    (Ukrainian) Spring transplantation: Prime Groisman and without a coalition Cabinet, Ukrayinska Pravda (14 April 2016)
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 Petro Poroshenko Bloc: fragmentation, The Ukrainian Week (8 March 2016)
  44. ↑ (Ukrainian) Poroshenko will be honorary leader of "Solidarity" party can head Lutsenko, Ukrayinska Pravda (27 August 2014)
  45. ↑ Poroshenko Block ready to vote for scrapping presidential immunity - Lutsenko, Interfax-Ukraine (27.10.2014)
  46. ↑ Bloc of Petro Poroshenko proposes privatization of mines, exchange trading in coal be fixed in coalition agreement, Interfax-Ukraine (29 October 2014)
  47. ↑ Party Solidarnist at the Political compass of a electorate
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