Batukeshwar Dutt

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Batukeshwar Dutta
বটুকেশ্বর দত্ত
File:Batukeshwar dutt.jpg
Born (1910-11-18)18 November 1910
Kanpur, British India[1] / Village Oari in Burdwan district, British India[2]
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New Delhi, India
Nationality Indian
Organization Hindustan Socialist Republican Association,
Naujawan Bharat Sabha
Known for Indian Freedom Movement

Batukeshwar Dutta Audio file "Batukeshwar Datta.ogg" not found was an Indian revolutionary and independence fighter in the early 1900s.[3] He is best known for having exploded a few bombs, along with Bhagat Singh, in the Central Legislative Assembly in New Delhi on 8 April 1929. After they were arrested, tried and imprisoned for life, he and Bhagat Singh initiated a historic hunger strike protesting against the abusive treatment of Indian political prisoners, and eventually secured some rights for them.[4] He was also a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.

Biography

Batukeshwar Dutta, also known as B. K. Dutt, Battu and Mohan, son of Goshtha Bihari Dutta, was born on 18 November 1910 in a village Oari in Burdwan district; police station :Khandaghosh nearest busstop: Khejurhati :, and also lived in Khanda and Mausu in Burdwan district in West Bengal. The village is about 22 km from the Burdwan town. He graduated from P.P.N. High School in Kanpur. He was a close associate of freedom fighters such as Chandrashekhar Azad and Bhagat Singh. He met Bhagat Singh in Kanpur in 1924. He learned about making bomb while working for the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association in Kanpur.

1929 Assembly bomb throwing incident

To subdue the rise of revolutionaries like Bhagat Singh in the country, the British government decided to implement the Defence of India Act 1915, which gave the police a free hand.[5] Influenced by a French anarchist who bombed the French Chamber of Deputies,[6] Singh proposed to the HSRA his plan to explode a bomb inside the Central Legislative Assembly, which was agreed to. Initially it was decided that Batukeshwar Dutta and Sukhdev would plant the bomb while Bhagat Singh would travel to the USSR.[6] However, later the plan was changed. He entrusted Dutta to plant the bomb.[6] On 8 April 1929, Singh and Dutta threw two bombs inside the assembly rushing from Visitor's Gallery. The smoke from the bomb filled the Hall and they shouted slogans of "Inquilab Zindabad!" (Hindi-Urdu: "Long Live the Revolution!") and showered leaflets.[7][8][9] The leaflet claimed that the act was done to oppose the Trade Disputes and the Public Safety Bill being presented in the Central Assembly and the death of Lala Lajapath Rai.[10] Few sustained injuries in the explosion but there were no deaths; Singh and Dutta claimed that the act was intentional.[11] Singh and Dutta were arrested,[11] as planned.[12][13]

The Tribune reported the incident as:

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When Mr Patel from India got up to give his ruling on the Public Safety Bill, two bombs were thrown from a gallery near the seat of George Schuster. The whole House was dispersed in the panic caused. Seorge Schuster and B. Dalal were injured while few other members received minor injuries. Bhagat Singh and Dutta were arrested by the British.

Ten minutes later the Assembly got reassembled. The Chamber was filled with smoke. Mr Patel adjourned the House till next Thursday. A red pamphlet "Hindustan Socialist Republican Army" signed by Bal Raj, Hony. Chief, was thrown into the blazing fire.

The police locked the Council House and prevented the movement of the visitors. J. Simon was also in the President's Gallery when the bomb fell. Sir G. Schuster, Sir B. Dalal, Mr Raghavendra Rao and Mr Shanker Rao were among the injured.

Butukeswara Datta from Bengal and Bhagat Singh from Punjab were arrested.[14]

Trial

Along with his comrades Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev Thapar, Batukeshwar Dutta was tried in the Central Assembly Bomb Case, and was sentenced in 1929 to life imprisonment by the Sessions Judge of Delhi under Section 307 of the Indian Penal Code & Section 4 of the Explosive Substances Act. He was deported to the Cellular Jail, Andaman and Nicobar Islands.[citation needed]

Last days

After his release from prison Batukeshwar Dutta contracted tuberculosis. He nonetheless participated in the Quit India Movement of Mahatma Gandhi and was again jailed for four years. He was lodged in Motihari Jail (In Champaran district of Bihar). After India gained independence, he married Anjali in November 1947. Independent India did not accord him any recognition, and he spent his remaining life in poverty away from political limelight. Batukeshwar Dutta outlived all his comrades and died on 20 July 1965 in the AIIMS in Delhi after his long illness. He was cremated in Hussainiwala near Firozepur in Punjab where the bodies of his comrades Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev were also cremated many years before. He was survived by his only daughter, Mrs. Bharti Bagchi, in Patna where his house was situated in the Jakkanpur area.

Trivia

The B.K. Dutt Colony in New Delhi located on a prime location opposite Safdarjung Airport and adjacent to Jor Bagh is named after Batukeshwar Dutta death in AIIMS. This is the nearest private residential colony near to AIIMS in NDMC area.

Films

Bhaswar Chatterjee plays the role of B.K Dutt in the movie The Legend of Bhagat Singh.

Book

Anil Verma (Judge) wrote a book titled "Batukeshwar Dutt: Bhagat Singh ke Sahyogi", which was released on the centenary of Dutt's birth. The book was published by the Government of India's publication service, the National Book Trust. It is the first book published on Batukeshwar Dutta in any language.

Notes

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Bhagat Singh Documents Hunger-strikers' Demands
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Ralhan 1998, pp. 438–439
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Singh & Hooja 2007, p. 137
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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