Betaine—homocysteine S-methyltransferase
| betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase | |||||||||
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Crystal structure of rat liver betaine homocysteine s-methyltransferase.[1]
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| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC number | 2.1.1.5 | ||||||||
| CAS number | Template:CAS | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / EGO | ||||||||
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In the field of enzymology, a betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase also known as betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) is a zinc metallo-enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from betaine to homocysteine to produce dimethylglycine and methionine respectively:[2]
- betaine + homocysteine → dimethylglycine + methionine
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. This enzyme participates in the metabolism of glycine, serine, threonine and also methionine.
Contents
Isozymes
In humans, there are two isozymes, BHMT[3][4] and BHMT2,[5][6] each encoded by a separate gene.
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Tissue distribution
BHMT is expressed most predominantly in the liver and kidney.[7]
Clinical significance
Anomalies in homocysteine metabolism have been implicated in disorders ranging from vascular disease to neural tube birth defects such as spina bifida.
See also
References
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External links
- Betaine Homocysteine Methyltransferase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- EC 2.1.1.5
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