Eskilstuna

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This article is about the city of Eskilstuna. For the political and administrative municipality, see Eskilstuna Municipality. For other uses, see Eskilstuna (disambiguation).
Eskilstuna
Aerial photo of Eskilstuna in 2004.
Aerial photo of Eskilstuna in 2004.
Eskilstuna is located in Sweden
Eskilstuna
Eskilstuna
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Country  Sweden
Province Södermanland
County Södermanland County
Municipality Eskilstuna Municipality
Founded 1659
Area[1]
 • Total 31.05 km2 (11.99 sq mi)
Elevation 26 m (85 ft)
Population (31 December 2010)[1]
 • Total 64,679
 • Density 2,083/km2 (5,390/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 630 03 to 638 21
Area code(s) (+46) 16
Website Official website

Eskilstuna (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɛskɪlsˈtʉːna]) is a city and the seat of Eskilstuna Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden. The city of Eskilstuna had 64,679 inhabitants in 2010, with a total municipal population of 100,092 inhabitants in Eskilstuna municipality (2014).[1] Eskilstuna has a large Sweden Finn population.[2] The town is located on the River Eskilstunaån, which connects Lake Hjälmaren and Lake Mälaren.

History

Klosters church of Eskilstuna

Eskilstuna's history dates back to medieval times when English monk Saint Eskil made "Tuna" his base and diocese of the South coast of Lake Mälaren. Saint Eskil was stoned to death by the pagan vikings of neighbouring town Strängnäs, 30 kilometres (19 miles) east of Eskilstuna, trying to convert them to Christianity. Saint Eskil was buried in his monastery church in Tuna. Later the pagan city of Strängnäs was Christianised and was given the privilege of becoming diocese of South Lake Mälaren. Later "Eskil" was added in to the word "Tuna". However, the town of Eskilstuna did not receive municipal privileges due to its proximity to the medieval city of Torshälla. The monastery of Saint Eskil was completely destroyed by Swedish king Gustav Vasa during the Protestant Reformation and was replaced with the royal castle of Eskilstuna House. The city's first city privileges were granted in 1659, and its boundaries included Tunafors and the newly founded town of Karl Gustavs Stad ("City of Karl Gustav"), located on the west side of the river. Karl Gustavs Stad was built around the iron forges of master smith Reinhold Rademacher, encouraged by King Karl X Gustav. The first products of the forges were small arms and artillery.

Rademachersmedjorna

Karl Gustavs Stad was a free town from 1771, where manufacturers and craftsmen were allowed to establish tax-free workshops and factories. The town was merged with the rest of Eskilstuna in 1879.

Eskilstuna river.jpg

The city grew enormously during the Industrial Revolution and became one of the most important industrial cities of Sweden, earning the nickname "Stålstaden" ("The City of Steel"). Aside from firearms, the city also produced cutlery, scissors, keys, machine tools and precision instruments. As a tribute to the steel industry, the figure of a steel worker is included in the city's coat of arms. Eskilstuna is sometimes called The Sheffield of Sweden, Sheffield being a (much larger) industrial city famous for the quality (and quantity) of the steel produced there. Both cities at their peak were home to numerous different companies involved in steel production.

Economy

Eskilstuna remains an important industrial city with internationally known companies such as Volvo Wheel loaders, main site for the heavy construction equipment division of Volvo, Assa (locks, keys), and Stainless steel manufacturer Outokumpu, Thin Strip Nyby in Torshälla.

Mälardalen University (Mälardalens högskola),founded in cooperation with the neighboring city of Västerås, has a campus in the city. The city also has a combined zoo and amusement park - Parken Zoo. Parken Zoo, owned and operated by the municipality, has been heavily criticized for its poor animal welfare.

The hospital, Mälarsjukhuset is one of the largest in the region, employing around 3000 people.

Climate

Climate data for Eskilstuna
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 8
(46)		 10
(50)		 19
(66)		 23
(73)		 27
(81)		 32
(90)		 35
(95)		 33
(91)		 27
(81)		 21
(70)		 15
(59)		 10
(50)		 35
(95)
Average high °C (°F) −2
(28)		 −1
(30)		 2
(36)		 10
(50)		 15
(59)		 20
(68)		 22
(72)		 19
(66)		 14
(57)		 8
(46)		 4
(39)		 −1
(30)		 10
(50)
Daily mean °C (°F) −4
(25)		 −3
(27)		 −1
(30)		 6
(43)		 10
(50)		 14
(57)		 18
(64)		 16
(61)		 11
(52)		 5
(41)		 2
(36)		 −3
(27)		 6
(43)
Average low °C (°F) −6
(21)		 −7
(19)		 −3
(27)		 3
(37)		 6
(43)		 10
(50)		 15
(59)		 13
(55)		 8
(46)		 3
(37)		 0
(32)		 −5
(23)		 4
(39)
Record low °C (°F) −37
(−35)		 −27
(−17)		 −20
(−4)		 −12
(10)		 −6
(21)		 −1
(30)		 5
(41)		 3
(37)		 −1
(30)		 −13
(9)		 −23
(−9)		 −30
(−22)		 −37
(−35)
Source #1: SMHI
Source #2: Swedish Wikipedia

Demography

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Sport

The most successful sports clubs of the city are the Smederna Speedway motorcycle racing club, which had to withdraw from the top league due to bankruptcy in 2009, and the still very successful handball club GUIF, which remains in the top division.

Eskilstuna is also home to EFK (Eskilstuna Flygklubb), Sweden's largest glider Flying Club which hosted the World Gliding Championships in 2006.

The stadium Tunavallen was a venue for the 1958 FIFA World Cup, hosting one match between Paraguay and Yugoslavia. It has also been used for several practice games for the Swedish National Youth Teams. Sports clubs using Tunavallen include Eskilstuna City FK and IFK Eskilstuna. Eskilstuna Södra FF are based at Skogsängens IP and BK Sport is based at Ekhagen.

Transport

Eskilstuna is served by the Svealandsbanan railway line between Stockholm and Hallsberg. European route E20 also passes the city. The city also has an airport, 13 km (8 mi) east of the centre.

European Cooperation

Eskilstuna is a member city of Eurotowns network[3]

Other notable natives

References

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External links

See also

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ http://www.rskl.se/Ruotsinsuomalaiset.html
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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