Foreign relations of Georgia
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Georgia's location, nestled between the Black Sea, Russia, and Turkey, renders it strategically important. It is developing as the gateway from the Black Sea to the Caucasus and the larger Caspian region, but also serves as a buffer between Russia and Turkey. Georgia has a long and tumultuous relationship with Russia, but it is reaching out to its other neighbours and looking to the West in search of alternatives and opportunities. It signed a partnership and cooperation agreement with the European Union, participates in the Partnership for Peace, and encourages foreign investment. France, Germany, South Korea the United Kingdom and the United States all have embassies in Tbilisi.
Georgia is a member of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, and the OSCE. Because of its strategic location, Georgia is in both the Russian and American spheres of influence,[1] however Georgia's relationship with Russia is at its lowest point since 1921 due to controversies regarding espionage and the 2008 South Ossetia war. As a result, Georgia broke off diplomatic relations with Russia and has left the Commonwealth of Independent States.[2]
Contents
Relations by country
Neighboring countries
Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
Armenia | 17 July 1992[3] | See Armenia–Georgia relations
|
Azerbaijan | 18 November 1992[5] | See Azerbaijan–Georgia relations
|
Turkey | 21 May 1992[6] | See Georgia–Turkey relations
|
Europe
Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
Albania | 8 July 1993[9] | See Albania–Georgia relations |
Austria | 18 January 1993[10] |
|
Belarus | See Foreign relations of Belarus | |
Bulgaria | 5 June 1992[11] | See Bulgaria–Georgia relations
|
Cyprus | 9 July 1993[14] | See Georgia-Cyprus relations |
Czech Republic | 1 January 1993[15] | See Foreign relations of the Czech Republic |
Denmark | 1 July 1992[16] | See Denmark–Georgia relations |
Estonia | 16 June 1992[17] | See Foreign relations of Estonia |
Finland | 8 July 1992[18] | See Foreign relations of Finland |
France | 21 August 1992[19] | See Foreign relations of France |
Germany | 13 April 1992[20] |
|
Hungary | 14 May 1992[23] |
|
Italy | 11 May 1992[25] | See Georgia–Italy relations
|
Latvia | 11 March 1993[26] |
|
Lithuania | 16 September 1994[28] |
|
Malta | 1 February 1993[31] | See Georgia–Malta relations |
Moldova | 25 June 1992[32] |
|
Netherlands | 21 April 1992[33] |
|
Poland | 28 April 1992[34] | See Georgia–Poland relations
|
Romania | 25 June 1992[35] |
|
Serbia | 26 June 1995[36] |
|
Sweden | 19 September 1992[37] | See Georgia–Sweden relations
|
Switzerland | 10 June 1992[38] |
|
Ukraine | 22 July 1992[40] | See Georgia–Ukraine relations
Relations between Georgia and Ukraine and between the Georgian and Ukrainian people in particular last from the Middle Ages. |
United Kingdom | 27 April 1992[41] |
|
Asia
Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes¨ |
---|---|---|
Brunei | 1 March 2010[44] | |
China | 9 June 1992[45] |
|
India | 28 September 1992[47] | See Georgia–India relations |
Iran | 15 May 1992[49] | See Persia-Georgia relations, Georgia–Iran relations
|
Israel | 1 June 1992[50] | See Georgia–Israel relations
|
Japan | 3 August 1992[51] | See Georgia–Japan relations
|
Kazakhstan | 24 July 1992[52] |
|
Malaysia | 7 May 1993[53] |
|
Maldives | March 2010[54] | |
Pakistan | 12 May 1992 | See Georgia–Pakistan relations |
North Korea | See Foreign relations of North Korea | |
South Korea | 14 December 1992[55] | See Georgia–South Korea relations
|
Rest of world
Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
Antigua and Barbuda | 11 April 2011[59] | Antigua and Barbuda and Georgia established diplomatic relations on 11 April 2011, and signed a joint protocol.[59] |
Bahamas | 13 May 2011[60] | |
Botswana | 15 January 2010[61] | See Foreign relations of Botswana |
Canada | 23 July 1992[62] | See Foreign relations of Canada |
Central African Republic | 23 December 2010[63] | |
Comoros | 26 March 2010[64] | |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 14 January 2011[65] | |
Dominica | December 2010[66] | |
Dominican Republic | 22 January 2010[67] | |
Egypt | 11 May 1992[68] |
|
Equatorial Guinea | 23 June 2010[70] | |
Eritrea | 24 February 2012[71] | |
Fiji | 29 March 2010[72] | |
Gambia | 21 April 2010[73] | |
Grenada | 23 November 2011[74] | |
Guatemala | 27 April 2010[75] | |
Guinea-Bissau | 9 March 2011[76] | |
Guyana | 23 April 2012[77] | |
Haiti | 16 December 2011[78] | |
Honduras | 9 March 2011[79] | |
Mali | 9 May 2012[80] | |
Mauritius | 5 March 2011[81] | |
Mexico | 8 June 1992[82] | See Georgia-Mexico relations |
Federated States of Micronesia | 12 August 2011[86] | |
Niger | 30 May 2012[87] | |
Paraguay | 9 March 2010[88] | |
Rwanda | March 2011[89] | |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 26 October 2011[90] | |
Saint Lucia | February 2010[91] | |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 22 June 2010[92] | |
Saudi Arabia | 27 May 1994[93] | |
Solomon Islands | 12 March 2011[94] | |
Somalia | 26 February 2011[95] | |
South Africa |
|
|
South Sudan | 15 June 2012[96] | |
Suriname | 28 May 2011[97] | |
Vanuatu | 15 July 2013[98] | See Georgia–Vanuatu relations |
United States | 23 April 1992[99] | See Georgia–United States relations
On 9 January 2009, the U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and Georgian Foreign Minister Grigol Vashadze signed a Charter on Strategic Partnership, a nonbinding document outlining areas of cooperation and reiterating the U.S. support for Georgia's territorial integrity and to Georgia's NATO membership.[100] |
No diplomatic relations
Country | Formal Relations | Notes |
---|---|---|
Macedonia | none | Georgia has no diplomatic relations with the Republic of Macedonia. Georgia is especially interested in Republic of Macedonia's experience in the process of integration into the Transatlantic structures.[101] |
Nicaragua[102] | 14 September 1994[103] — 28 November 2008[104] | Nicaraguan-Georgian diplomatic relations established on 19 September 1994[103] and ended on 29 November 2008. The Georgian Foreign Ministry said that it had cut diplomatic ties with Nicaragua in a response to the latter’s recognition of independence of breakaway South Ossetia and Abkhazia.[104] |
Russia[102] | 1 July 1992—2 September 2008[105] | See Georgia–Russia relations
On 29 August 2008, in the aftermath of the 2008 South Ossetia war, Deputy Foreign Minister Grigol Vashadze announced that Georgia had broken diplomatic relations with Russia. He also said that Russian diplomats must leave Georgia, and that no Georgian diplomat would remain in Russia, while only consular relations would be maintained. Russian foreign ministry spokesman Andrei Nesterenko said that Russia regretted this step.[106] |
Tuvalu[102] | 4 February 2011[107]—16 February 2012[108] |
On 16 February 2012 Georgia issued a presidential order ending diplomatic relations with Tuvalu. This comes in response to a visit by the Prime Minister of Tuvalu, Willy Telavi, to Abkhazia and South Ossetia in September 2011, where he announced that the Pacific nation would recognise the two states.[108] |
Overview
Georgia has established relations with 171 countries, the Vatican City, Order of Malta and Palestine.[109][110][111]
Georgia has terminated its diplomatic relations with Russia,[102][106] Nicaragua[102][104] and Tuvalu.[102][108]
Georgia has not yet established diplomatic relations with:
- Barbados, Belize, Venezuela.[102]
- Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Lesotho, Namibia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Seychelles, Swaziland, Togo.
- Bhutan.
- Cook Islands, Kiribati, Nauru,[102] Niue, Papua New Guinea, Tonga .
- Macedonia.
- Sahrawi Republic[102] and the rest of states with limited recognition.
See also
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia
- List of diplomatic missions in Georgia
- List of diplomatic missions of Georgia
- Georgia – European Union relations
- EU Neighbourhood Info Centre: Country profile of Georgia
Further reading
- NATO and the South Caucasus. Analyses, Chronicles, Opinion Polls in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 5
- Edilashvili, Maia: "Foreign Direct Investment Declines in Georgia" in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 28
References
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External links
- MFA of Georgia - Bilateral relations
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia
- The Permanent Mission of Georgia to the United Nations
- United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
- Georgia v. Russia Provisional Measures Order and President Rosalyn Higgins concurring and Joint Dissenting Opinion and ASIL
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- ↑ 4.0 4.1 2002 Georgia census.
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- ↑ Embassy of Georgia in Turkey
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- ↑ Bulgarian embassy in Tbilisi
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- ↑ Georgian embassy in Berlin (in Georgian and German only)
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- ↑ Hungarian embassy in Tbilisi
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- ↑ Georgian embassy in Riga
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- ↑ Georgian embassy in Vilnius
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- ↑ Swiss embassy in Tbilisi
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- ↑ British embassy in Tbilisi
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- ↑ Chinese embassy in Tbilissi
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- ↑ http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/europe/countries/20070803/1_24642.jsp?menu=m_30_40
- ↑ http://korea.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG&sec_id=851&lang_id=ENG
- ↑ http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/europe/countries/20070803/1_24642.jsp?menu=m_30_40
- ↑ 59.0 59.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Georgian embassy in Cairo
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- ↑ Georgia and Eritrea establish diplomatic relations
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- ↑ Georgia and Grenada establish diplomatic relations
- ↑ Georgia and Guatemala establish diplomatic relations
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- ↑ Georgia and Haiti establish diplomatic relations
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- ↑ Georgia and Mali establish diplomatic relations
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- ↑ Embassy of Georgia in Mexico City (in English, Georgian and Spanish)
- ↑ Embassy of Mexico in Ankara, Turkey (in English, Spanish and Turkish)
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- ↑ Georgia and St. Kitts and Nevis establish diplomatic relations
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- ↑ Georgia and St. Vincent and the Grenadines establish diplomatic relations
- ↑ Relations between Georgia and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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- ↑ Georgia and South Sudan establish diplomatic relations
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- ↑ United States-Georgia Charter on Strategic Partnership. Civil Georgia. 9 January 2009
- ↑ Georgia-Macedonia relations
- ↑ 102.0 102.1 102.2 102.3 102.4 102.5 102.6 102.7 102.8 Has recognized Abkhazia and South Ossetia independence
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- ↑ 106.0 106.1 Georgia breaks relations with Russia
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- ↑ Georgia and Palestine diplomatic relations
- ↑ Bilateral Relations
- ↑ LIST OF COUNTRIES WHICH HAVE DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH GEORGIA