Homeless Workers' Movement
The Homeless Workers Movement (Portuguese: Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Teto - MTST) is a shack-dwellers' movement in Brazil. It originated from the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (English: Landless Rural Workers' Movement) in 1997. It is the biggest organisation of its kind in the country.
Through a combination of direct confrontation and negotiation with the government, it struggles to reduce Brazil's deficit of roughly 8,000,000 housing units by staging squatters' occupations in the abandoned government buildings that litter Brazilian cities, resisting the often violent attempts by local governments to evict them and negotiating for their conversion into low-income housing.[citation needed] According to the MTST, there are over 5,000,000 housing units available in abandoned buildings in Brazil. The MTST originally emerged as a faction within the MST. MTST, however, focuses on urban instead of rural reform. Although fully autonomous, the organisation has a strategic alliance with the MST and also works closely with other Brazilian urban social movements such as the União Nacional de Moradia Popular (English: National Low-income Housing Union) and the Centro dos Movimentos Populares (English: Center of Popular Social Movements).
The movement is politically heterogeneous. On one side, there are branches which resemble a Leninist political party in terms of structure and hierarchy, and on the other side, branches which are clearly committed to goals such as self-management. There is even a branch (in the state of São Paulo) which works almost as a faction of a political party[citation needed].
The homeless movement is the most important social movement in Brazilian cities, since the favela movement became weaker and weaker since the 1980s (its role was decisive in the 1960s and 1970s resistance against evictions), due to factors such as political clientelism, and the influence of drug traffickers. The homeless also try to co-operate with other emerging social movements, such as "insurgent" hip-hop groups and, in the case of MTST, with the MST, one of the most important landless organisations.
The best known land occupations conducted by the MTST are:
- João Cândido - Itapecerica da Serra - (2007-)
- Carlos Lamarca - Osasco - (2002-)
- Chico Mendes - Taboão da Serra - (2005 - 2006)
- Santo Dias/"Ocupação da Volks" - São Bernardo do Campo (2003)
- Rosa Luxemburgo - São Paulo /Osasco - (2004)
- Anita Garibaldi - Guarulhos - (2001-)
See also
- Abahlali baseMjondolo in South Africa
- The Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh Committee in India
- The EZLN in Mexico
- Fanmi Lavalas in Haiti
- The Landless Peoples Movement in South Africa
- The Landless Workers' Movement in Brazil
- Movement for Justice en el Barrio in the United States of America
- Narmada Bachao Andolan in India
- Take Back the Land in the United States of America
- The Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign in South Africa
External links
- Pages with broken file links
- Articles containing Portuguese-language text
- Articles with unsourced statements from December 2011
- Articles with unsourced statements from February 2010
- Homelessness organizations
- Human habitats
- Social movements
- Slums
- Shack dwellers' movements
- Squatters' movements
- Affordable housing advocacy organizations
