Khatun
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Khatun (Mongolian: Хатан, Khatan, Persian: خاتون – Khātūn, Urdu: خاتون – Khatoon, Turkish: Hatun) is a female title of nobility and alternative to male "khan" prominently used in the First Turkic Empire and in the subsequent Mongol Empire. It is equivalent to "queen" or "empress" approximately.
Before the advent of Islam in Central Asia, Khatun was the title of the Queen of Bukhara. According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam:[1]
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Khatun [is] a title of Sogdian origin borne by the wives and female relatives of the T'u-chüeh and subsequent Turkish rulers.
British Orientalist Gerard Clauson (1891–1974) considers "xa:tun" as borrowed from Sogdian "xwat'yn" (xwateen), in Sogdian xwat'y ('landlord, sovereign') and "xwat'yn" ('a landlord's or a sovereign's wife'); it is the precise wife'; it is the precise meaning of "xat:un" in the early period; cf. Pers.[2]
In Turkish, it is written as Hatun.
In Urdu, the word Khatun is used commonly to refer to any woman. The female title Khanum is also used as a comparable to Khan.
Notable Khatuns
See also
References
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- Articles containing Persian-language text
- Articles containing Urdu-language text
- Articles containing Turkish-language text
- Court titles
- Royal titles
- Noble titles
- Titles in Afghanistan
- Titles in Pakistan
- Ottoman titles
- Sogdian words and phrases
- History of the Turkic peoples
- Mongolian nobility
- Turkish words and phrases
