Locomotives of the London and North Eastern Railway

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The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) produced several classes of locomotive, mostly to the designs of Nigel Gresley, characterised by a three-cylinder layout with a parallel boiler and round-topped firebox. It produced the most iconic locomotive of its day, 4468 'Mallard', the holder of the world steam locomotive speed record. It also built the world famous 4472 'Flying Scotsman'. However, its locomotive inheritance was much greater than just the 'A4 Class', it also produced highly successful mixed-traffic and freight designs.

Locomotives of constituent companies

Great Central Railway

Including the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway

Richard Peacock (–1854)

W. G. Craig (1854–1859)

Charles Sacré (1859–1886)

Class Type Quantity Manufacturer Date LNER Class Notes
4 0-4-0ST 2 Manning Wardle 1883 Y2 Manning Wardle Class H
6B 4-4-0 27 1877–80 D12
6C 0-6-0 62 Gorton Works 1880–85 J12
12A 2-4-0 28 1875–85 (none)
12AT 2-4-0T 8 Gorton Works 1881 E8
7 0-6-0T 6 1885 (none)
4 0-6-0ST 1 Manning Wardle 1873 J69/1 Acquired 1876
18 0-6-0 1869–73 (none) Twenty rebuilt as tank engine 1902–05
18 Converted 0-6-0ST 20 1869–71 J58 Rebuilt from tender engines 1902–05
18T 0-6-0ST 41 1871–81 J59

Thomas Parker (1886–1893)

Class Type Quantity Manufacturer Date LNER Class Notes
2 4-4-0 25 Kitson & Co. (13)
Gorton Works (12)		 1887–1892 D7
3 2-4-2T 39 1889–1892 F1
6AI 0-6-0 12 1888 J8
6D 2-4-0 3 Gorton Works 1887 E2
6DB 4-4-0 3 Gorton Works 1888 D8
9 0-6-0 6 Gorton Works 1888–89 J13
9A 0-6-2T 55 1889–92 N4
9B & 9E 0-6-0 31 Neilson & Co. (25)
? (6)		 1891–95 J9
9C & 9F 0-6-2T 129 1891–1901 N5 Includes two acquired with Wrexham, Mold and Connah's Quay Railway
9D, 9H & 9M 0-6-0 124 1892–1902 J10

Harry Pollitt (1893–1900)

Class Type Quantity Manufacturer Date LNER Class Notes
2A 4-4-0 6 Gorton Works 1887–1892 D7
5 0-6-0ST 12 Gorton Works 1897 J62
9G 2-4-2T 10 Beyer, Peacock & Co. 1896 F2
11 4-4-0 6 Gorton Works 1894–95 D5
11A 4-4-0 33 Gorton Works (13)
Beyer, Peacock & Co. (20)		 1897–99 D6
13 4-2-2 6 1900 X4

John G. Robinson (1900–22)

see John G. Robinson

Class Type Quantity Manufacturer Date LNER Class 1946 LNER nos. Notes
8C 4-6-0 2 Beyer, Peacock & Co. 1903–04 B1 1479–80 later LNER Class B18
1 4-6-0 6 Gorton Works 1912–13 B2 1490–93 “Sir Sam Fay” class; later LNER Class B19
9P 4-6-0 6 Gorton Works 1917–20 B3 1494–99 “Lord Faringdon” class
8F 4-6-0 10 Beyer, Peacock & Co. 1906 B4 1481–89 “Immingham” class
8 4-6-0 14 Neilson & Co. (6)
Beyer, Peacock & Co. (8)		 1902–04 B5 1678–90
8N 4-6-0 3 Gorton Works 1918–21 B6 1346–48
9Q 4-6-0 38 Gorton Works (23)
Vulcan Foundry (10)
Beyer, Peacock & Co. (5)		 1921–23 B7 1360–97
1A 4-6-0 11 Gorton Works 1913–15 B8 1349–59 “Glenalmond” class
8G 4-6-0 10 Beyer, Peacock & Co. 1906 B9 1469–78
8B/8J 4-4-2 27 Beyer, Peacock & Co. (7)
North British Loco. Co. (12)
Gorton Works (8)		 1903–06 C4 2900–25
8D/8E 4-4-2 4 Gorton Works 1905–06 C5 2895–98 [1] Three-cylinder compounds
11B/11C/11D 4-4-0 40 Sharp, Stewart & Co. (30)
Vulcan Foundry (10)		 1901–04 D9 2300–33
11E 4-4-0 10 Gorton Works 1913 D10 2650–59 “Director” class
11F 4-4-0 35 Armstrong Whitworth (12)
Gorton Works (11)
Kitson & Co. (12)		 1919–24 D11 2660–94 “Improved Director” class
9J 0-6-0 174 Neilson, Reid & Co. (49)
Beyer, Peacock & Co. (25)
Gorton Works (70)
Vulcan Foundry (15)
Yorkshire Engine Co. (15)		 1901–10 J11 4280–4453
8K 2-8-0 126 Gorton Works (56)
Kitson & Co. (20)
North British Loco. Co. (50)		 1911–14 O4 3570–3900 Another 521 built for the government, of which 276 later came to the LNER. 58 converted to “O1” between 1944 and 1952
8M 2-8-0 19 Gorton Works 1918–21 O5 3902–3920 All eventually converted to “O4”
8A 0-8-0 89 Gorton Works (35)
Kitson & Co. (51)
Neilson, Reid & Co. (3)		 1902–11 Q4 3200–43, 9925–37 13 converted to tanks by LNER (class Q1) 1942–45
9N 4-6-2T 21 Gorton Works 1911–17 A5 9800–20 24 more built by LNER 1923–26
9K 4-4-2T 40 Gorton Works (28)
Vulcan Foundry (12)		 1903–05 C13 7400–39
9L 4-4-2T 12 Beyer, Peacock & Co. 1907 C14 7440–51
4 0-6-0ST 1 Hudswell Clarke 1909 J69/1 — [2] Acquired 1911
5A 0-6-0T 7 Gorton Works 1906–14 J63 8204–10 [3]
1B 2-6-4T 20 Gorton Works 1914–17 L1 9050–69 [4] LNER class L3 from 1945
8H 0-8-4T 4 Beyer, Peacock & Co. 1907–08 S1 9900–05 [2] Two more built by LNER in 1932

Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway

The Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway was absorbed by the Great Central Railway on 1 January 1907.

Class W.A. Quantity Manufacturer Date LNER Class Notes
A 0-6-2T 18 Kitson & Co. 1895–1900 N6 [5] LDEC Nos. 1–8, 19–28. Five more that had been ordered were sold by Kitson's to the Hull and Barnsley Railway
B 0-6-0T 4 Kitson & Co. 1897 J60 [6] LDEC Nos. 9–12
C 0-4-4T 6 Kitson & Co. 1897–1898 G3 [7] LDEC Nos. 13–18
D 0-6-4T 9 Kitson & Co. 1904–06 M1 [8] LDEC Nos. 29–34, A1–13; GCR 1148–1153, 1145–47

Great Eastern Railway

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Main article: Locomotives of the Great Eastern Railway

Great North of Scotland Railway

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Main article: Locomotives of the Great North of Scotland Railway

In 1923 the Great North of Scotland Railway passed on a total of 122 locomotives, 100 4-4-0 tender locomotives and 22 tank engines, all capable of being used on either passenger or goods trains, to the LNER.[9]

Locomotive superintendent GNoSR
Class		 LNER
class		 Quantity
Built		 Passed to LNER    WA    Manufacturer Date introduced Date withdrawn Notes
William Cowan
(1857–83)		 K D47/2 6 3 4-4-0 Neilson & Co. 1866 1921–25 [10] [1]
L D47/1 6 6 4-4-0 Neilson & Co. 1876 1924–26 [11] [2]
M D45 9 9 4-4-0 Neilson & Co. 1878 1925–32 [11] [3]
C D39 3 3 4-4-0 Neilson & Co. 1879 1925–27 [11] [4]
James Manson
(1883–90)		 A D44 6 6 4-4-0 Kitson & Co. 1884 1924–32 [12] [5]
G D48 3 3 4-4-0 Kitson & Co. 1885 1928–34 [12] [6]
D J90 6 6 0-6-0T Kitson & Co. 1884 1932–36 [13] [7]
E J91 3 3 0-6-0T Kitson & Co. 1885 1931–34 [13] [8]
N D46 2 2 4-4-0 GNSR Kittybrewster 1887 1932–36 [14] [9]
O D42 9 9 4-4-0 Kitson & Co. 1888 1935–46 [15] [10]
P D43 3 3 4-4-0 R. Stephenson & Co. 1890 1936–38 [16] [11]
Q D38 3 3 4-4-0 R. Stephenson & Co. 1890 1931–38 [16] [12]
James Johnson
(1890–94)		 R G10 9 9 0-4-4T Neilson & Co. 1893 1937–47 [17] [13]
S D41 6 6 4-4-0 Neilson & Co. 1893 1947– [18] [14]
William Pickersgill
(1894–1914)		 T D41 26 26 4-4-0 Neilson & Co. 1895–98 1946– [19] [15]
V D40 5 13 4-4-0 Neilson & Co. 1899–1900 1946– Ten were ordered, five sold to the SE&CR[20] [16]
V D40 8 4-4-0 GNSR Inverurie 1910–15 1947– [21] [17]
Thomas E. Heywood
(1914–23)		 Y Z5 2 2 0-4-2T Manning Wardle 1915 [22] [18]
X Z5, later Z4 2 2 0-4-2T Manning Wardle 1915 [22] [19]
F D40 6 8 4-4-0 North British Loco. Co. 1920 Named[23] [20]
F D40 2 4-4-0 GNSR Inverurie 1921 Named[23] [21]

Great Northern Railway

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Main article: Locomotives of the Great Northern Railway (Great Britain)

Hull and Barnsley Railway

The H&BR was taken over by the North Eastern Railway (NER) in 1922.

Class W.A. Quantity Manufacturer Date LNER Class Notes
A 0-6-0T 12 Beyer, Peacock & Co. 1884 —
B 0-6-0 20 Beyer, Peacock & Co. 1884 —
C 2-4-0 10 Beyer, Peacock & Co. 1885 —
K 0-4-0WT 6 Kitson & Co. 1886–89 —
B 0-6-0 55 Kitson & Co. (36)
Vulcan Foundry (4)
Yorkshire Engine Co. (15)		 1889–1908 J23
G2 0-6-0T 3 R. Stephenson & Co. 1892 J80
F1 0-6-2T 5 Kitson & Co. 1900 N11 Ordered by the Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway
F2 0-6-2T 9 Kitson & Co. 1901 N12
G3 0-6-0T 16 Yorkshire Engine Co. (6)
Kitson & Co. (10)		 1901–08 J75
A 0-8-0 15 Yorkshire Engine Co. 1907 Q10
J 4-4-0 5 Kitson & Co. 1910 D24
L1 0-6-0 10 Kitson & Co. 1911–12 J28
L 0-6-0 5 Yorkshire Engine Co. 1914 J28
LS 0-6-0 5 Kitson & Co. 1915 J28
F3 0-6-2T 10 Hawthorn Leslie 1913–14 N13

Metropolitan Railway

These three classes were taken into LNER stock on 1 November 1937. The other former Metropolitan locomotives were retained by London Transport, which had acquired all of them at its formation on 1 July 1933.[24]

Class W.A. Quantity Manufacturer Date LNER Class Notes
G 0-6-4T 4 Yorkshire Engine Co. 1915 M2
H 4-4-4T 8 Kerr, Stuart & Co. 1920–21 H2
K 2-6-4T 6 Armstrong Whitworth 1925 L2

Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway

M&GN locomotives were taken into LNER stock on 1 October 1936.

Class W.A. Quantity Manufacturer Date LNER Class Notes
M&GN Class A 4-4-2T 3 Melton Constable Works 1904–1910 C17 M&GN Nos. 41, 20, 9
M&GN Class C 4-4-0 40 Sharp, Stewart & Co. (33)
Beyer, Peacock & Co. (7)		 1894–1899 D52/D53/D54 LNER class based on firebox variations

North British Railway

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Main article: Locomotives of the North British Railway

North Eastern Railway

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Main article: Locomotives of the North Eastern Railway

Locomotives built by the LNER

Gresley designs

Class Wheel
arrangement		 Quantity Manufacturer Date Post-1946
numbers		 Notes
A3 4-6-2 27 Doncaster Works
North British Loco. Co.		 1928–35 35–112 +51 rebuilds of A1
A4 4-6-2 35 Doncaster Works 1935–38 1–34 Streamlined
B17 4-6-0 73 North British Loco. Co. (10)
Darlington Works (52)
R. Stephenson & Co. (11)		 1928–37 1600–1672 [25]Two were streamlined in "A4" style
D49 4-4-0 76 Darlington Works 1927–35 2700–2775 Named after counties & hunts.
J38 0-6-0 35 Darlington Works 1926 5900–5934
J39 0-6-0 289 Darlington Works (261)
Beyer, Peacock & Co. (28)		 1926–41 4700–4988
K4 2-6-0 5 Darlington Works 1937–39 1993–1998 One later rebuilt by Thompson as K1
P1 2-8-2 2 Doncaster Works 1925 —
P2 2-8-2 6 Doncaster Works 1934–36 501–506 later streamlined – all rebuilt as A2/2 during 1941–44
U1 2-8-0+0-8-2 1 Beyer, Peacock & Co. 1925 9999 Garratt – for banking on Worsborough incline
V1 2-6-2T 82 Doncaster Works 1930–39 7600–7681 63 later rebuilt as V3
V2 2-6-2 184 Doncaster Works
Darlington Works		 1936–44 800–983 Three-cylinder
V3 2-6-2T 10 Doncaster Works 1939-40 7682–7691 +63 rebuilds of V1 – larger boiler development of V1
V4 2-6-2 2 Doncaster Works 1941 1700–1701 Three-cylinder
W1 4-6-4 1 Darlington Works 1929 10000 experimental high pressure locomotive, later rebuilt in "A4" style.

Thompson designs

Class Wheel
arrangement		 Quantity Manufacturer Date Post 1946
numbers		 Notes
A1/1 4-6-2 1 1945 113 Rebuild of Gresley A1 “Great Northern”
A2/2 4-6-2 6 1943 501–506 Rebuilds of Gresley “P2” 2-8-2s
A2/1 4-6-2 4 Darlington Works 1944 507–510 Derived from V2 2-6-2 design.
A2/3 4-6-2 15 Doncaster Works 1946–47 500, 511–524
B1 4-6-0 274 Darlington Works
North British Loco. Co.
Vulcan Foundry		 1942–52 1000–1273 [26]Another 136 (Nos.61274–61409) built by BR
B2 4-6-0 9 1945–49 [27] Rebuilds of Gresley B17 class
K1 2-6-0 1 1945 1997 Rebuild of Gresley K4 class
K5 2-6-0 1 1945 1841 Rebuild of Gresley K3 class
O1 2-8-0 58 1944 Rebuilds of Robinson “O4” class
L1 2-6-4T 1 Darlington Works 1945 7701 Another 99 built by BR 1949–50
Q1 0-8-0T 13 1942–43 9925–9937 Rebuilds of Robinson “Q4” class tender engines

Peppercorn designs

Class Wheel
arrangement		 Quantity Manufacturer Date Number Notes
A2 4-6-2 1 Doncaster Works 1947 525 14 more built by BR 1948

Another A1, "Tornado" has been built by subscription among LNER (and other) locomotive enthusiasts, and came into service in 2008. In total it cost £3 million. Again under the chairmanship of Mark Allatt, the team is (2014) now raising funds most successfully to build another Gresley P2 2-8-2 of the "Cock O'the North" Class, to be called "Prince of Wales". Both new steam locomotives are the product of a restored railway works in Darlington.

Other designs


This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Post-Nationalisation

British Railways continued to build LNER designs (the B1 and L1 classes in particular) immediately after Nationalisation. Remarkably, it even built a new series of shunting locomotives (J72 class) to a pre-Grouping design (of the North Eastern Railway). However, it was to be the Eastern Region that took the first of BR's new Standard locomotives, 70000 'Britannia', for its Great Eastern Main Line workings to Norwich in 1951.

BR built 396 locomotives to ex-LNER designs. One of these, the J72 Class was a North Eastern Railway design dating from 1898.

Class Wheel
arrangement		 Quantity Manufacturer Date Numbers Notes
Peppercorn A1 4-6-2 49 Doncaster Works (26)
Darlington Works (23)		 1948-49 60114–162
Peppercorn A2 4-6-2 14 Doncaster Works 1948 60526–539
Thompson B1 4-6-0 136 North British Loco. Co.(106)
Gorton Works (10)
Darlington Works (20)		 1948–52 61273–409 [26]
J72 0-6-0T 28 Darlington Works 1949–51 69001–28 NER Class E1
Thompson/Peppercorn K1 2-6-0 70 North British Loco. Co. 1949–50 62001–70
Thompson L1 2-6-4T 99 Darlington Works (29)
North British Loco. Co. (35)
R. Stephenson & Hawthorns (35)		 1948–50 67702–800

Withdrawal

Withdrawal of ex-LNER locomotives took place throughout the 1960s, with some of the once high-profile 'A4 Class' locomotives ending their lives on heavy freight trains in Scotland; a far cry from the glamorous express workings of the late 1930s.

Preservation

Several of the many LNER locomotives have been preserved.

  • Six A4 Pacifics
  • One A3 pacific
  • One A2 pacific
  • One A1 pacific (new-built with modern safety features for main-line running)
  • Two B1s
  • One D49
  • One D40
  • One D26
  • One D17/1 (displayed)
  • One O4 2-8-0
  • One D11 4-4-0
  • One C1
  • One C2
  • One K4
  • One K1
  • One V2
  • One B12
  • One J27
  • One J21
  • One Q6 0-8-0
  • One E6
  • One E5 Tank
  • One E4
  • One J36
  • One J15
  • One J17
  • One J72 Tank
  • One Q7
  • One J69
  • One N2 Tank
  • One J52 Tank
  • One N7 Tank
  • One Y9 Tank
  • One Y5 Tank
  • One X1 (one-off example/displayed)
  • Two Y7 Tanks

References

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Baxter 1988, pp. 214–215.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Baxter 1988, p. 249.
  3. ↑ Baxter 1988, pp. 248–249.
  4. ↑ Baxter 1988, pp. 247–248.
  5. ↑ Baxter 1988, p. 169.
  6. ↑ Baxter 1988, pp. 169–170.
  7. ↑ Baxter 1988, p. 170.
  8. ↑ Baxter 1988, pp. 170–171.
  9. ↑ Vallance 1991, p. 164.
  10. ↑ Barclay-Harvey 1950, pp. 187–188, 190, 226.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Barclay-Harvey 1950, pp. 189–190, 192, 226.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Barclay-Harvey 1950, pp. 192–193, 226.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Barclay-Harvey 1950, pp. 193–194, 227.
  14. ↑ Barclay-Harvey 1950, p. 195, 226.
  15. ↑ Barclay-Harvey 1950, p. 195, 198, 226.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Barclay-Harvey 1950, pp. 197–198, 226.
  17. ↑ Barclay-Harvey 1950, pp. 199–200, 227.
  18. ↑ Barclay-Harvey 1950, p. 200, 226.
  19. ↑ Barclay-Harvey 1950, pp. 201–202, 226.
  20. ↑ Barclay-Harvey 1950, p. 204, 226.
  21. ↑ Barclay-Harvey 1950, pp. 207, 226.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Barclay-Harvey 1950, pp. 208, 227.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Barclay-Harvey 1950, pp. 208–209, 226.
  24. ↑ Goudie 1990, pp. 46, 55, 59, 63–65.
  25. ↑ Boddy et al. 1975, pp. 94–123.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Boddy et al. 1975, pp. 124–157.
  27. ↑ Boddy et al. 1975, pp. 158–165.

Sources

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External links

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