Plastoquinone

Plastoquinone

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Identifiers
CAS Number	4299-57-4 Y
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
PubChem	6433402
SMILES CC1=C(C(=O)C(=CC1=O)CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)C
Properties
Chemical formula	C53H80O2
Molar mass	749.22 g·mol−1
Vapor pressure	{{{value}}}
Related compounds
Related compounds	1,4-benzoquinone quinone Coenzyme Q10
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Plastoquinone (PQ) is a quinone molecule involved in the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Plastoquinone is reduced when it accepts two electrons from photosystem II and two hydrogen cations (H⁺) from the stromal matrix of the chloroplast), thereby forming plastoquinol. It transports the protons into the lumen of thylakoid discs, while the electrons continue further along the electron transport chain, into the cytochrome b₆f protein complex.

The prefix plasto- means either plastid or chloroplast, alluding to its location within the cell.

Structurally it is a 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone molecule with a side chain of nine isoprenyl units.

Derivatives

Some derivatives designed to penetrate cell membranes (SkQ1 (plastoquinonyl-decyl-triphenylphosphonium), SkQR1 (the rhodamine-containing analog of SkQ1), SkQ3) have anti-oxidant and protonophore activity.

SkQ1 is proposed as an anti-aging treatment.

SkQ1 is starting clinical trials for glaucoma in Russia.

See also

• Coenzyme Q10 has similar chemical structure.

External links

• Plastoquinones History, absorption spectra, and analogs.

• http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Plastoquinone Definition of plastoquinone
• http://protein.bio.msu.ru/biokhimiya/contents/v73/pdf/bcm_1329.pdf Mitochondria-Targeted Plastoquinone Derivatives as Tools to Interrupt Execution of the Aging Program. 5. SkQ1 Prolongs Lifespan and Prevents Development of Traits of Senescence. Anisimov etal. 2008