Synuclein
| Synuclein | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Synuclein | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF01387 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR001058 | ||||||||
| SCOP | 1xq8 | ||||||||
| SUPERFAMILY | 1xq8 | ||||||||
| OPM superfamily | 159 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 1xq8 | ||||||||
|
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Synucleins are a family of soluble proteins common to vertebrates, primarily expressed in neural tissue and in certain tumors.[1]
Contents
Family members
The synuclein family includes three known proteins: alpha-synuclein, beta-synuclein, and gamma-synuclein. Interest in the synuclein family began when alpha-synuclein was found to be mutated in several families with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease.[2]
All synucleins have in common a highly conserved alpha-helical lipid-binding motif with similarity to the class-A2 lipid-binding domains of the exchangeable apolipoproteins. Synuclein family members are not found outside vertebrates, although they have some conserved structural similarity with plant 'late-embryo-abundant' proteins.[1]
Function
Normal cellular functions have not been determined for any of the synuclein proteins. Some data suggest a role in the regulation of membrane stability and/or turnover. Mutations in alpha-synuclein are associated with early-onset familial Parkinson's disease and the protein aggregates abnormally in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases.[3][4] The gamma-synuclein protein's expression in breast tumors is a marker for tumor progression.[5][6]
Human proteins containing this domain
References
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<references />, or <references group="..." />External links
- Synucleins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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