Ernest Boulanger (composer)
Ernest Henri Alexandre Boulanger (September 16, 1815 – April 14, 1900 in Paris) was a French composer of comic operas and a conductor. He was more known, however, for being a choral music composer, choral group director, voice teacher, and vocal contest jury member.[1]
Biography
Boulanger was born into a Parisian musical family. His father, Frédéric Boulanger, who left the family when Ernest was only a small child,[2] was a cellist and professor of singing at the Paris Conservatory, winner of the First Prize in cello at the Conservatory in 1797 and a Professor of cello, attached to the King's Chapel. His mother, Marie-Julie Halligner, was a mezzo-soprano at the Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique in Paris.[3] He was a pupil at the Paris Conservatory where he studied under Jean-François Le Sueur, and Fromental Halévy. His studied piano with the virtuoso pianist Charles-Valentin Alkan; and operatic composition with Daniel Auber and Ferdinand Hérold.[4][5]
At the age of 19, Boulanger was awarded the Grand Prix de Rome in 1835 with his cantata "Achille".[6] In 1842, he began making a name as a composer of comic operas and as a conductor. Boulanger made a dozen comic operas between 1842 and 1877. Boulanger's chief work was the three-act opera of Don Quixote, which premiered at the Théâtre Lyrique in 1869; the most performed of his works was the one-act Les sabots de la marquise, which premiered in 1854 at the Opéra-Comique.[4] In 1871, he became professor of singing at the conservatory. In 1870, he was made a chevalier of the Legion of Honor. In 1881, he was appointed to the Académie des Beaux-Arts. Within the cultural circles of Paris, Boulanger was an associate of Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Camille Saint-Saëns and William Bouwens.[7]
Boulanger and Raissa Mychetsky (née Mychetskaya; 1858–1935), 43 years his junior, met in Saint Petersburg; she was a Russian princess who descended from St. Mikahil Tchernigovsky,[8] and Boulanger was her voice teacher.[9] They married in 1877 and moved to Paris where they had two children, the teacher and composer Nadia Boulanger;[10] and composer Lili Boulanger.[1] Like their father, Nadia and Lili both competed in the Prix de Rome, Nadia taking second place in 1908, and Lili earning the first place in 1913.[6]
Principal works
- Le Moulin (1840, libretto by Eugène de Planard)
- Le Diable à l'École (libretto by Eugène Scribe) (1842)
- Les Deux Bergères (1843)
- Une voix (1845, libretto by Alfred Bayard and Charles Potron)
- La Cachette (1847)
- Le 15 août aux champs (1852, libretto by Michel Carré)
- Les Sabots de la Marquise (1854, libretto by Michel Carré and Jules Barbier)
- L'Éventail (1860, libretto by Michel Carré and Jules Barbier)
- Don Quichotte (1869, libretto by Michel Carré and Jules Barbier)
- Don Mucarade (1875, libretto by Michel Carré and Jules Barbier)
References
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- Pages with broken file links
- 1815 births
- 1900 deaths
- French classical composers
- French male classical composers
- Conservatoire de Paris alumni
- Academics of the Conservatoire de Paris
- French opera composers
- Prix de Rome for composition
- Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur
- Musicians from Paris
- 19th-century classical composers
- 19th-century French musicians