List of individuals nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize

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File:Noordam-delegates-1915.jpg
Protests against World War I at the 1915 Women's Peace Conference in The Hague.

The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel, Swedish inventor and industrialist, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and Literature. Since March 1901,[1] it has been awarded annually (with some exceptions) to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses".

The Norwegian Nobel Committee, a five-member body nominated by the Norwegian Parliament, chooses the laureate in accordance with Alfred Nobel's intention. The Committee invites qualified individuals to submit nominations for the Prize each year.[2] Nomination of oneself is not permitted. There have been years when the prize was not given out despite the annual invitations and selections because of the start of World War I (1914, 1915, 1916, and 1918), World War II (1939–1943), and some specific circumstances (1923, 1924, 1928, 1932, 1955, 1956, 1966, 1967, and 1972). Due to the killing of Mahatma Gandhi, the Peace Prize was also not awarded in 1948 since, in the Committee's words, "there was no acceptable live contender."[3] During the committee's deliberations there were years when none of the nominees in the year they are listed met the criteria in Nobel's will. Thus, the awarding of the Prize was also postponed twelve times: Elihu Root (1912), Woodrow Wilson (1919), Austen Chamberlain (1925), Charles G. Dawes (1925), Frank B. Kellogg (1929), Norman Angell (1933), Carl von Ossietzky (1935), International Committee of the Red Cross (1944), Albert Schweitzer (1952), Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (1954), Albert Lutuli (1960), and Linus Pauling (1962).

Nominees by their first nomination

1901–1909

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1901
75px Frédéric Passy[lower-alpha 1] May 20, 1882
Paris, France
June 12, 1912
Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
1901 Shared the 1901 Nobel Peace Prize.[4][5]
75px Henry Dunant[lower-alpha 2] May 8, 1828
Geneva, Switzerland
October 30, 1910
Heiden, Switzerland
1901
75px Élie Ducommun[lower-alpha 3] February 19, 1833
Geneva, Switzerland
December 7, 1906
Bern, Switzerland
1901, 1902, 1903[6] Shared the 1902 Nobel Peace Prize.[7][8]
75px Charles Albert Gobat[lower-alpha 4] May 21, 1843
Tramelan, Switzerland
March 16, 1914
Bern, Switzerland
1901, 1902, 1903[9]
75px William Randal Cremer[lower-alpha 5] March 18, 1828
Fareham, United Kingdom
July 22, 1908
London, United Kingdom
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904[10] Won the 1903 Nobel Peace Prize.[11]
75px Bertha Sophie von Suttner[lower-alpha 6] June 9, 1843
Prague, Czechia
June 21, 1914
Vienna, Austria
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905 First woman to win the 1905 Nobel Peace Prize.[12]
75px Konrad Beyer July 13, 1834
Stuttgart, Germany
March 17, 1906
Stuttgart, Germany
1901 Nominated the only time by writer Emil Jakob Jonas (pseud. Löwenbalk von Hohenthal, 1824-1912).[13]
75px Jan Gotlib Bloch[lower-alpha 7] June 24, 1836
Radom, Poland
January 7, 1902
Warsaw, Poland
1901 [14]
75px Edouard Linker[lower-alpha 8] ?
Vienna, Austria
?
Vienna, Austria
1901 Nominated the only time by Alexander Vutkovitch.[15]
75px Arthur Mülberger (Mühlberger)[lower-alpha 9] January 30, 1847
Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
November 5, 1907
Stuttgart, Germany
1901 Nominated the only time by Fr.Haußmann.[16]
75px Czar Nikolai II of Russia[lower-alpha 10] May 18, 1868
Saint Petersburg, Russia
July 17, 1918
Yekaterinburg, Russia
1901 Emperor of All Imperial Russia (1894–1917).[17]
75px Beniamino Pandolfi Guttadauro[lower-alpha 11] June 12, 1836
Naples, Italy
January 29, 1909
Naples, Italy
1901 Nominated the only time by the Italian Inter-Parliamentary Group.[18]
75px Julian Pauncefote, 1st Baron Pauncefote[lower-alpha 12] September 13, 1828
Munich, Germany
May 24, 1902
Washington, D.C., United States
1901 Nominated the only time by J.Th.Lund.[19]
75px Policarpo Petrocchi[lower-alpha 13] March 16, 1852
Pistoia, Italy
August 25, 1902
Pistoia, Italy
1901 Nominated the only time by Al.C.Fr.R.Br.Chiappelli.[20]
75px Herbert Spencer April 12, 1820
Derby, United Kingdom
December 8, 1903
Brighton, United Kingdom
1901 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[21]
75px Merlin Hector[lower-alpha 14] ?
France
?
France
1901, 1902 Nominated by J.Allemane only.[22][23]
75px Gustave Moynier[lower-alpha 15] September 21, 1826
Geneva, Switzerland
August 21, 1910
Geneva, Switzerland
1901, 1902, 1903, 1905 Nominated by R.Kleen only.[24]
75px Jan Jacob Lodewijk ten Kate June 12, 1850
Middelburg, Netherlands
May 28, 1929
The Hague, Netherlands
1901, 1906 Nominated by Samuel Baart de La Faille (1842-1917) only.[25]
75px Friedrich Martens[lower-alpha 16] August 27, 1845
Pärnu, Estonia
June 19, 1909
Saint Petersburg, Russia
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908 [26]
75px Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy[lower-alpha 17] September 9, 1828
Tula, Russia
November 20, 1910
Lev Tolstoy, Russia
1901, 1902, 1909 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[27]
75px William Thomas Stead[lower-alpha 18] July 5, 1849
Embleton, United Kingdom
April 15, 1912
aboard the RMS Titanic
1901, 1902, 1908, 1909, 1912 [28]
75px Eduard Loewenthal[lower-alpha 19] March 12, 1836
Forchtenberg, Germany
March 26, 1917
Berlin, Germany
1901, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1913 [29]
75px Adolf Richter[lower-alpha 20] February 1, 1839
Wiesbaden, Germany
August 13, 1914
Pforzheim, Germany
1901, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914 [30]
75px Belva Ann Bennett Lockwood[lower-alpha 21] October 24, 1830
Royalton, New York, United States
May 19, 1917
Washington, D.C., United States
1901, 1914 [31]
75px Otto Umfrid[lower-alpha 22] May 2, 1857
Nürtingen, Germany
May 23, 1923
Winnenden, Germany
1901, 1913, 1914, 1915[32] [33]
75px Édouard Descamps[lower-alpha 23] August 27, 1847
Beloeil, Belgium
January 17, 1933
Brussels, Belgium
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1910, 1915 [34]
75px Gaetano (Umano) Meale[lower-alpha 24] 1858
Avellino, Italy
1927
Bogliasco, Italy
1901, 1908, 1926 [35]
75px Guglielmo Ferrero[lower-alpha 25] July 21, 1871
Portici, Italy
August 3, 1942
Chardonne, Switzerland
1901, 1927 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[36]
75px Louis-Léger Vauthier April 6, 1815
Bergerac, France
October 5, 1901
Taverny, France
1901 Nominated the only time by Chr.Pajot. Died before the only chance to be rewarded.

Another nominee (nominated in 1951) with the same surname have been merged with him at the nomination archive.[37]
75px Fredrik Bajer[lower-alpha 26] April 21, 1837
Næstved, Denmark
January 22, 1922
Copenhagen, Denmark
1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908 Won the 1908 Nobel Peace Prize with Klas Pontus Arnoldson.[38]
1902
75px Klas Pontus Arnoldson[lower-alpha 27] October 27, 1844
Gothenburg, Sweden
February 20, 1916
Stockholm, Sweden
1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908 Won the 1908 Nobel Peace Prize with Fredrik Bajer.[39]
75px Ernesto Teodoro Moneta[lower-alpha 28] September 20, 1833
Milan, Italy
February 10, 1918
Milan, Italy
1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907 Won the 1907 Nobel Peace Prize with Louis Renault.[40]
75px Cesare Bounfanti[lower-alpha 29] ?
Florence, Italy
?
Florence, Italy
1902 Nominated the only time by G.Pescetti.[41]
75px Leonid Alekseevich Kamarovsky March 15, 1846
Kazan, Russia
August 12, 1912
Moscow, Russia
1902 Nominated the only time by Al.S.Alexeev.[42]
75px Johann Martin Schleyer[lower-alpha 30] July 18, 1831
Lauda-Königshofen, Germany
August 16, 1912
Konstanz, Germany
1902 [43]
75px John Edward Matthew Vincent 1837
Sherborne, Dorset, England
March 12, 1910
Battersea, London, England
1902 Nominated the only time by William O'Malley.[44]
75px Lewis Appleton ?
United Kingdom
?
United Kingdom
1902 Nominated the only time by members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.[45]
75px Jules Polo[lower-alpha 31] February 28, 1822
Nantes, France
1906
France
1902, 1903 Nominated by Emm.Halgan only.[46]
75px Bartolo Longo February 10, 1841
Latiano, Italy
October 5, 1926
Torre Annunziata, Italy
1902, 1903[47] [48]
75px Arturo de Marcoartu[lower-alpha 32] July 1, 1827
Bilbao, Spain
January 21, 1904
San Sebastián, Spain
1902, 1904 [49]
75px Urbain Gohier[lower-alpha 33] December 17, 1862
Versailles, France
June 29, 1951
Saint-Satur, France
1902, 1903, 1908 [50]
75px Sir Gerard Lowther, 1st Baronet[lower-alpha 34] February 16, 1858
Bedfordshire, United Kingdom
April 5, 1916
London, United Kingdom
1902, 1903 Nominated by Bj.M.Bjørnson only.[51]




Nominated the only time jointly with G.Lowther by Bj.M.Bjørnson.[52]
1903
75px William Barrington[lower-alpha 35] January 28, 1842
Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
February 23, 1922
London, United Kingdom
1903
75px Moritz Adler[lower-alpha 36] 1831
Habry, Czech Republic
1907 1903 Nominated the only time by Fr.Kleinwächter.[53]
75px Stanislaus von Korwin-Dzbanski[lower-alpha 37] ?
Austria
?
Austria
1903 Nominated the only time by the member of the Austrian Reichsrath professor Aram Drbosrynski.[54]
75px Mathis Lussy April 28, 1828
Stans, Switzerland
January 21, 1910
Montreux, Switzerland
1903 Nominated the only time by the Schweizer politiker Ferdinand Businger (1839–1909).[55]
75px Emil Strauss January 31, 1866
Pforzheim, Germany
August 10, 1960
Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
1903 [56]
75px John Theodor Lund[lower-alpha 38] October 9, 1842
Bergen, Norway
January 8, 1913
Bergen, Norway
1903, 1904, 1905 [57]
75px Alfred Henry Love[lower-alpha 39] September 7, 1830
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
June 29, 1913
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
1903, 1904, 1906 [58]
75px Hodgson Pratt[lower-alpha 40] January 10, 1824
Bath, United Kingdom
February 26, 1907
Le Pecq, France
1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907 [59]
75px Priscilla Hannah Peckover[lower-alpha 41] October 27, 1833
Wisbech, United Kingdom
September 8, 1931
Wisbech, United Kingdom
1903, 1905, 1911, 1913 [60]
1904
75px Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson December 8, 1832
Kvikne, Norway
April 26, 1910
Paris, France
1904[61] Won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Literature.[62]
75px Louis Renault[lower-alpha 42] May 21, 1843
Autun, France
February 8, 1918
Barbizon, France
1904, 1905, 1906, 1907 Won the 1907 Nobel Peace Prize with Ernesto Teodoro Moneta.[63]
75px Paul Henri Balluet d'Estournelles de Constant[lower-alpha 43] November 22, 1852
La Flèche, France
May 15, 1924
Paris, France
1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909 Won the 1909 Nobel Peace Prize with Auguste Beernaert.[64]
75px Walter Bion[lower-alpha 44] April 29, 1830
Affeltrangen, Switzerland
September 3, 1909
Zürich, Switzerland
1904 [65]
75px Augusto Pierantoni[lower-alpha 45] June 24, 1840
Chieti, Italy
March 12, 1911
Rome, Italy
1904 Nominated the only time by Giovanni Battista Guarini - professor of Law from Rome.[66]
75px Henry Worthington Statham December 31, 1843
Parramatta, Australia
September 5, 1913
Sydney, Australia
1904 Nominated the only time by Br.Hall.[67]
75px Henriette Verdier Winteler de Weindeck[lower-alpha 46] January 9, 1832
France
March 20, 1910
London, England
1904,[68] 1905, 1907, 1910 [69]
75px William Evans Darby[lower-alpha 47] 1844
London, United Kingdom
1922
London, United Kingdom
1904, 1905, 1906, 1907,[70] 1908, 1911, 1913, 1914[71] [72]
75px Joseph Julien Louis Hersant[lower-alpha 48] August 13, 1852
Paris, France
June 26, 1919
France
1904, 1935 [73]
75px Mirza Riza Khan[lower-alpha 49] 1846
Tabriz, Iran
1937
Tabriz, Iran
1904, 1933, 1935, 1936, 1937 [74]
1905
75px Paul de Smet de Naeyer[lower-alpha 50] May 13, 1843
Ghent, Belgium
September 9, 1913
Brussels, Belgium
1905 Nominated the only time by Baron de Aulnis de Bourrouil.[75]
75px Thomas Barclay[lower-alpha 51] February 20, 1853
Dunfermline, United Kingdom
January 20, 1941
Versailles, France
1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1910, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1923, 1925, 1928 [76]
75px Richard Bartholdt[lower-alpha 52] November 2, 1855
Schleiz, Germany
March 19, 1932
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1915, 1931, 1932 [77]
1906
75px Theodore Roosevelt[lower-alpha 53] October 27, 1858
New York City, New York, United States
January 6, 1919
Oyster Bay, New York, United States
1906 26th President of the United States (1901–1909) who won the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize.[78]
75px Hjalmar Branting[lower-alpha 54] November 23, 1860
Stockholm, Sweden
February 24, 1925
Stockholm, Sweden
1906, 1913, 1914, 1921 Won the 1921 Nobel Peace Prize with Christian Louis Lange.[79]
75px Francisco Francisco y Diaz 1862
Ocaña, Spain
? 1906 Nominated the only time by Don Jose de Cardenas.[80]
75px John Milton Hay[lower-alpha 55] October 8, 1838
Salem, Indiana, United States
July 1, 1905
Newbury, New Hampshire, United States
1906 Pothumously nominated the only time by professors of Law from several US universities.[81]
75px Léon Walras December 16, 1834
Évreux, France
January 5, 1910
Montreux, Switzerland
1906 [82]
75px John Westlake[lower-alpha 56] February 4, 1828
Lostwithiel, United Kingdom
April 14, 1913
London, United Kingdom
1906 Nominated the only time by the French member of the Institute of International Law Antoine Pillet 1857-1926).[83]
75px Charles William Smith ?
Bournemouth, United Kingdom
?
Bournemouth, United Kingdom
1906, 1911, 1912, 1913 [84]
75px Ernest Nys[lower-alpha 57] March 27, 1851
Kortrijk, Belgium
September 12, 1920
Brussels, Belgium
1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1919 [85]
75px William Osborne McDowell April 10, 1848
Somerset, New Jersey, United States
March 12, 1927
Newark, New Jersey, United States
1906, 1907, 1908, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1915, 1917,[86] 1920 [87]
75px Edvard Wavrinsky[lower-alpha 58] April 12, 1848
Linköping, Sweden
January 4, 1924
Stockholm, Sweden
1906, 1907, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1922, 1923 [88]
1907
75px John William Strawson[lower-alpha 59] ?
Australia
?
Australia
1907 Nominated the only time by W.Reinhold.[89]
75px Erving Winslow November 19, 1839
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
March 10, 1922
Concord, Massachusetts, United States
1907 Nominated the only time by J.L.Slayden.[90]
75px Adam Wiszniewski 1826 1917 1907 Nominated the only time by 4 members of the Italian parliament. [91]
75px Charles Samuel Leadbetter 1907, 1908 [92]
75px Pierre Dutilh de la Tuque September 23, 1825
Nérac, France
?
France
1907, 1908, 1909 Nominated by J.-H.Dunant only.[93]
75px Otfried Nippold[lower-alpha 60] May 21, 1864
Wiesbaden, Germany
July 21, 1938
Bern, Switzerland
1907, 1908, 1909 [94]
75px Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof[lower-alpha 61] December 15, 1859
Białystok, Poland
April 14, 1917
Warsaw, Poland
1907, 1909, 1910, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917 [95]
1908
75px Léon Bourgeois[lower-alpha 62] May 29, 1851
Paris, France
September 29, 1925
Épernay, France
1908, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1918, 1919, 1920 Won the 1920 Nobel Peace Prize.[96]
75px Russell Lowell Jones ?
United Kingdom
?
United Kingdom
1908 Nominated the only time by B.Bosanquet.[97]
75px Luigi Luzzatti[lower-alpha 63] March 11, 1841
Venice, Italy
March 29, 1927
Rome, Italy
1908, 1909 Prime Minister of Italy (1841–1927)[98]
75px Albert Keith Smiley[lower-alpha 64] March 17, 1828
Vassalboro, Maine, United States
December 2, 1912
Redlands, California, United States
1908, 1911, 1913 [99]
75px Andrew Carnegie[lower-alpha 65] November 25, 1835
Dunfermline, United Kingdom
August 11, 1919
Lenox, Massachusetts, United States
1908, 1911, 1913 [100]
75px Franz Joseph I of Austria[lower-alpha 66] August 18, 1830
Vienna, Austria
November 21, 1916
Vienna, Austria
1908, 1913, 1914 Emperor of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1848–1916)[101]
75px Rudolf Vrba October 6, 1860
Bělá pod Bezdězem, Czechia
October 17, 1939
Mladá Boleslav, Czechia
1908, 1910, 1915 [102]
75px Rafael Altamira y Crevea[lower-alpha 67] February 10, 1866
Alicante, Spain
June 1, 1951
Mexico City, Mexico
1908, 1909, 1911, 1933, 1951 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[103]
1909
75px Auguste Beernaert[lower-alpha 68] July 26, 1829
Ostend, Belgium
October 6, 1912
Lucerne, Switzerland
1909 Prime Minister of Belgium (1884–1894) who won the 1909 Nobel Peace Prize with Paul Henri d'Estournelles de Constant.[104]
75px Alfred Hermann Fried[lower-alpha 69] November 11, 1864
Vienna, Austria
May 5, 1921
Vienna, Austria
1909, 1910, 1911 Won the 1911 Nobel Peace Prize with Tobias Asser.[105]
75px Elihu Root[lower-alpha 70] February 5, 1845
Clinton, Oneida County, New York, United States
February 7, 1937
New York City, United States
1909, 1910,[106] 1913 Won the 1912 Nobel Peace Prize but was awarded the following year.[107]
75px Nagao Ariga
(Aruga)
November 13, 1860
Osaka, Japan
May 17, 1921
Tokyo, Japan
1909 Nominated the only time by Hilty.[108]
75px Edward Purkis Frost[lower-alpha 71] January 1, 1842
United Kingdom
January 26, 1922
United Kingdom
1909 Nominated the only time by the member of the British parliament P.M.Thornton.[109]
75px Sebastião de Magalhães Lima May 30, 1850
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
December 7, 1928
Lisbon, Portugal
1909 Nominated the only time by J.M. de M.B.Feio Terenas.[110]
75px Léo-Paul Robert[lower-alpha 72] March 19, 1851
Biel/Bienne, Switzerland
October 10, 1923
Orvin, Switzerland
1909 Nominated the only time by Hilty.[111]
75px Carlos Rodolfo Tobar[lower-alpha 73] November 4, 1853
Quito, Ecuador
April 19, 1920
Barcelona, Spain
1909 Nominated only time by the member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration H.Vasques.[112]
75px Clifford Stevens Walton March 2, 1861
Chardon, Ohio, United States
May 15, 1902 or 1912 Washington, D.C., United States 1909 Nominated (posthumously?) only time by Eugene Carusi (1835-1924) - professor of Law from National University.[113]
75px Pasquale Fiori[lower-alpha 74] April 8, 1837
Terlizzi, Italy
December 17, 1914
Naples, Italy
1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913 [114]
75px Alexandre Mérignhac[lower-alpha 75] January 21, 1857
Toulouse, France
July 20, 1927
Toulouse, France
1909, 1913 Nominated by Ch.André Weiss only.[115]
75px David Starr Jordan[lower-alpha 76] January 19, 1851
Gainesville, New York, United States
September 19, 1931
Stanford, California, United States
1909, 1910, 1917, 1918, 1926, 1931 [116]

1910–1919

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1910
HenriLaFontaine.jpg Henri La Fontaine[lower-alpha 77] April 22, 1854
Brussels, Belgium
May 14, 1943
Brussels, Belgium
1910, 1911, 1912, 1913 Won the 1913 Nobel Peace Prize.[117]
75px Prince Alphonse de Bourbon et d'Autriche-Este[lower-alpha 78] September 12, 1849
London, England
September 29, 1936
Vienna, Austria
1910 Nominated the only time by the professor of international law Alessandro Corsi (1859-1924).[118]
75px Herbert Joseph Davenport August 10, 1861
Wilmington, Vermont, United States
June 15, 1931
New York City, United States
1910 Nominated the only time by Alb.R.Hill.[119]
75px Victor Hugo Duras[lower-alpha 79] May 6, 1880
New York, United States
May 26, 1943
New York, United States
1910 Nominated the only time by Edm.H.Hinshaw.[120]
75px Andrey Lyapchev November 30, 1866
Resen, North Macedonia
November 6, 1933
Sofia, Bulgaria
1910 22nd Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1926–1931).
Nominated the only time by Хр.П.Славейков.[121]
75px Milovan Milovanović[lower-alpha 80] February 17, 1863
Belgrade, Serbia
June 18, 1912
Belgrade, Serbia
1910 45th Prime Minister of Serbia (1911–1912)[122]
75px Philip Stanhope, 1st Baron Weardale[lower-alpha 81] December 8, 1847
London, United Kingdom
March 1, 1923
London, United Kingdom
1910 Nominated the only time by Alfr.H.Fried.[123]
75px Ángela de Oliveira Cézar de Costa[lower-alpha 82] ca. 1860
Entre Ríos Province, Argentina
June 25, 1940
Buenos Aires, Argentina
1910, 1911 Nominated by members of the Argentinian Parliament and Senate only.[124]
75px Charles Wright Macara January 11, 1845
Strathmiglo, United Kingdom
January 2, 1929
Cheshire, United Kingdom
1910, 1911, 1912, 1913 [125]
75px Jakob Münter[lower-alpha 83] ?
Möckmühl, Germany
?
Möckmühl, Germany
1910, 1914, 1921 [126]
75px Michał Stanisławowicz Tyszkiewicz[lower-alpha 84] April 7, 1857
Andruschiwka, Ukraine
August 3, 1930
Żydowo, Gniezno County, Poland
1910, 1911, 1927 [127]
1911
75px Tobias Asser[lower-alpha 85] April 28, 1838
Amsterdam, Netherlands
July 29, 1913
The Hague, Netherlands
1911 Won the 1911 Nobel Peace Prize with Alfred Hermann Fried.[128]
75px John Raleigh Mott[lower-alpha 86] May 25, 1865
Livingston Manor, New York, United States
January 31, 1955
Orlando, Florida, United States
1911, 1912, 1913, 1934, 1946 Won the 1946 Nobel Peace Prize with Emily Greene Balch.[129]
75px José Paranhos, Baron of Rio Branco[lower-alpha 87] April 20, 1845
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
February 10, 1912
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
1911 [130]
75px Ernest Shackleton February 15, 1874
Kilkea, County Kildare, Ireland
January 5, 1922
Grytviken, South Georgia
1911 Nominated the only time by Ol.St.Locker-Lampson.[131]
75px Sergei Yulyevich Witte[lower-alpha 88] June 29, 1849
Tbilisi, Georgia
March 13, 1915
Saint Petersburg, Russia
1911, 1912 1st Prime Minister of Russia (1905–1906). Nominated by C.Brun only.[132]
75px Gaston Moch[lower-alpha 89] March 6, 1859
Saint-Cyr-l'École, France
July 3, 1935
Paris, France
1911, 1912, 1913, 1914 [133]
75px Felix Moscheles[lower-alpha 90] February 8, 1833
London, United Kingdom
December 22, 1917
Royal Tunbridge Wells, United Kingdom
1911, 1912, 1913, 1914 [134]
75px Philipp Zorn[lower-alpha 91] January 13, 1850
Bayreuth, Germany
January 4, 1928
Ansbach, Germany
1911, 1912, 1914 [135]
75px Emperor Wilhelm II January 27, 1859
Berlin, Germany
June 4, 1941
Doorn, Netherlands
1911, 1917 Emperor of Prussia (1888–1918)[136]
75px Émile Arnaud[lower-alpha 92] October 21, 1864
La Chapelle-de-Surieu, France
December 9, 1921
Paris, France
1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918 [137]
75px Albert Apponyi[lower-alpha 93] May 29, 1846
Vienna, Austria
February 7, 1933
Geneva, Switzerland
1911, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1932 [138]
75px Friedrich Wilhelm Foerster[lower-alpha 94] June 2, 1869
Berlin, Germany
January 9, 1966
Kilchberg, Switzerland
1911, 1922, 1930, 1931, 1934, 1951, 1953, 1956, 1961, 1964 [139][140]
1912
75px Norman Angell[lower-alpha 95] December 26, 1872
Holbeach, United Kingdom
October 7, 1967
Croydon, United Kingdom
1912, 1915, 1916, 1933, 1934 Won the 1933 Nobel Peace Prize but was awarded the following year.[141]
75px Charles Robert Richet[lower-alpha 96] August 26, 1850
Paris, France
December 4, 1935
Paris, France
1912, 1913, 1924, 1927, 1929, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935 Won the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[142]
75px Girolamo Internoscia[lower-alpha 97] September 28, 1869
Rapolla, Italy
June 3, 1931
Montréal, Canada
1912 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[143]
75px Maksim Kovalevsky[lower-alpha 98] August 27, 1851
Kharhov, Ukraine
April 5, 1916
Saint Petersburg, Russia
1912 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[144]
75px Federico Poch Martínez ?
Barcelona, Spain
?
Barcelona, Spain
1912 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[145]
75px Ramón María de Dalmau y de Olivart April 18, 1861
Lérida, Spain
October 11, 1928
Madrid, Spain
1912 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[146]
75px Martin Rade[lower-alpha 99] April 4, 1857
Stolpen, Germany
April 9, 1940
Frankfurt, Germany
1912 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[147]
75px Estanislao Severeo Zeballos July 27, 1854
Rosario, Argentina
October 4, 1923
Liverpool, United Kingdom
1912, 1920, 1923 [148]
75px Théodore Eugène César Ruyssen[lower-alpha 100] August 11, 1868
Clisson, France
May 5, 1967
Grenoble, France
1912, 1913, 1914,[149] 1923, 1929, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1939, 1949, 1961, 1962 [150]
1913
75px Anna Bernhardine Eckstein June 14, 1868
Coburg, Germany
October 16, 1947
Coburg, Germany
1913 Jointly nominated.[151][152]
75px Auguste Houzeau de Lehaie July 28, 1832
Mons, Belgium
May 20, 1922
Mons, Belgium
1913
75px Richard Heinrich Maria Hubert
Feldhaus Schopen[lower-alpha 101]
August 17, 1856
Neuss, Germany
January 29, 1944
Binningen, Switzerland
1913 [153]
75px Guido Fusinato[lower-alpha 102] February 15, 1860
Castelfranco Veneto, Italy
September 22, 1914
Schio, Italy
1913 [154]
75px Frederick William Herbert[lower-alpha 103] ?
United Kingdom
?
United Kingdom
1913 [155]
75px Edwin Doak Mead[lower-alpha 104] September 29, 1849
Chesterfield, New Hampshire, United States
August 17, 1937
Dorchester, Massachusetts, United States
1913 Jointly nominated.[156][157]
75px Lucia Ames Mead[lower-alpha 105] May 5, 1856
Boscawen, New Hampshire, United States
November 1, 1936
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
1913
CJ Taft.tif William Howard Taft[lower-alpha 106] September 15, 1857
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
March 8, 1930
Washington, D.C., United States
1913 27th President of the United States (1909–1913)[158]
75px Benjamin Franklin Trueblood[lower-alpha 107] November 25, 1837
Salem, Indiana, United States
October 26, 1916
Newton Highlands, Massachusetts, United States
1913, 1914, 1915[159] [160]
75px Gregers Gram[lower-alpha 108] December 10, 1846
Moss, Norway
August 1, 1929
Oslo, Norway
1913, 1914, 1915 [161]
75px Alexander de Savornin Lohman May 29, 1837
Groningen, Netherlands
June 11, 1924
The Hague, Netherlands
1913, 1915 [162]
75px Carl Sundblad[lower-alpha 109] September 1849
Höreda, Sweden
December 4, 1933
Rönninge, Sweden
1913, 1914, 1915, 1918, 1923, 1925, 1932, 1933 [163]
75px Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk[lower-alpha 110] March 7, 1850
Hodonín, Czech Republic
September 14, 1937
Lány, Czech Republic
1913, 1914, 1915, 1921, 1923, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1939, 1937 1st President of Czechoslovakia (1918–1935)[164]
1914
Christian Lous Lange.jpg Christian Lous Lange[lower-alpha 111] September 17, 1869
Stavanger, Norway
December 11, 1938
Oslo, Norway
1914, 1919, 1920, 1921 Won the 1921 Nobel Peace Prize with Hjalmar Branting.[165]
Ludwig Quidde nobel.jpg Ludwig Quidde[lower-alpha 112] March 23, 1858
Bremen, Germany
March 4, 1941
Geneva, Switzerland
1914,[166] 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927 Won the 1927 Nobel Peace Prize with Ferdinand Buisson.[167]
75px Joseph Gundry Alexander Jun 1848
Bath, Somerset, England
Feb 26, 1918
1914 Nominated the only time by Ern.T.Moneta.[168]
Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.
75px Luis María Drago[lower-alpha 113] May 6, 1859
Mercedes, Argentina
June 9, 1921
Buenos Aires, Argentina
1914 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[169]
75px Eugène-Émile Riquiez September 15, 1846
France
?
France
1914 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[170]
75px Wssewolod Tscheschichin[lower-alpha 114] February 18, 1865
Riga, Latvia
December 14, 1934
Saint Petersburg, Russia
1914 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[171]
75px Edoardo Giretti[lower-alpha 115] August 10, 1864
Torre Pellice, Italy
December 27, 1940
San Maurizio Canavese, Italy
1914, 1915, 1916 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded these years.[172]
75px Homer Le Roy Boyle[lower-alpha 116] ?
Michigan, United States
?
Michigan, United States
1914, 1917 [173]
75px Antonio Serra y Morant December 17, 1866
Alicante, Spain
August 7, 1939
Madrid, Spain
1914, 1915, 1926 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[174]
1915
75px Enrico Bignami December 3, 1833
Lodi, Italy
October 13, 1921
Lugano, Switzerland
1915 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[175]
75px Nils Claus Ihlen[lower-alpha 117] July 24, 1855
Skedsmo, Norway
March 22, 1925
Oslo, Norway
1915 Jointly nominated.[176][177]

Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.
75px Knut Agathon Wallenberg[lower-alpha 118] May 19, 1853
Stockholm, Sweden
June 1, 1938
Stockholm, Sweden
1915
75px Svetomir Nikolajević September 27, 1844
Ub, Serbia
April 18, 1922
Belgrade, Servia
1915 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[178]
75px John Milton Ross[lower-alpha 119] ?
United States
?
United States
1915 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[179]
75px Robert Stein January 9, 1857
Krosnowice, Poland
April 21, 1917
Washington, D.C., United States
1915 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[180]
75px Gennaro Tambaro ?
Naples, Italy
?
Naples, Italy
1915 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[181]
75px Charles Graham Worsley ?
Australia
?
Australia
1915 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[182]
75px Heinrich Lammasch[lower-alpha 120] May 21, 1853
Seitenstetten, Austria
January 6, 1920
Salzburg, Austria
1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919 [183]
75px Pope Benedict XV[lower-alpha 121] November 21, 1854
Pegli, Italy
January 22, 1922
Vatican City
1915, 1916, 1920 259th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church (1914–1922)[184]
75px Albert I of Belgium[lower-alpha 122] April 8, 1875
Laeken, Belgium
February 17, 1934
Namur, Belgium
1915, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1922, 1923, 1927 King of Belgium (1909–1934)[185]
75px Josef Polák[lower-alpha 123] March 6, 1882
Warsaw, Poland
August 6, 1943 Oświęcim, Poland 1915, 1928 [186]
1916
75px Jane Addams[lower-alpha 124] September 6, 1860
Cedarville, Illinois, United States
May 21, 1935
Chicago, Illinois, United States
1916, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931 Won the 1931 Nobel Peace Prize with Nicholas Murray Butler.[187]
75px Per Ahlberg[lower-alpha 125] November 21, 1864
Gothenburg, Sweden
May 14, 1945
Stockholm, Sweden
1916 [188]
Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.
75px Érico Marinho da Gama Coelho March 7, 1849
Cabo Frio, Brazil
November 26, 1922
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
1916 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[189]
75px Ludwig Weyringer ?
Vienna, Austria
?
Vienna, Austria
1916 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[190]
75px James Jankings Bryan ?
?
1916 Nominated the only time by Al.Heilinger.[191]
Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.
1917
75px Josef Scherrer-Füllemann[lower-alpha 126] November 18, 1847
St. Gallen, Switzerland
September 8, 1924
Geneva, Switzerland
1917 [192]
75px Alfonso XIII May 17, 1886
Madrid, Spain
February 28, 1941
Rome, Italy
1917, 1933 King of Spain (1886–1931)[193][194]
75px James Brown Scott[lower-alpha 127] June 3, 1866
Kincardine, Ontario, Canada
June 25, 1943
Annapolis, Maryland, United States
1917, 1918, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937 [195]
75px Rosika Bédy-Schwimmer[lower-alpha 128] September 11, 1877
Budapest, Hungary
August 3, 1948
New York City, United States
1917, 1948 [196]
1918
75px Woodrow Wilson[lower-alpha 129] December 28, 1856
Staunton, Virginia, United States
February 3, 1924
Washington, D.C., United States
1918, 1919, 1920 28th President of the United States who won the 1919 Nobel Peace Prize but was awarded the following year.[197]
75px Tønnes Tollaksen Sandstøl[lower-alpha 130] September 28, 1845
Stavanger, Norway
June 9, 1924
Stavanger, Norway
1918 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[198]
75px Walther Schücking[lower-alpha 131] January 6, 1875
Münster, Germany
August 25, 1935
The Hague, Netherlands
1918, 1919, 1920, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934 [199]
1919
75px Mary Shapard ?
Texas, United States
?
Texas, United States
1919 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[200]
75px Pietro Gasparri[lower-alpha 132] May 5, 1852
Ussita, Italy
November 18, 1934
Rome, Italy
1919, 1920 [201]
75px Benjamin de Jong van Beek en Donk[lower-alpha 133] March 29, 1881
Gorinchem, Netherlands
January 31, 1948
Geneva, Switzerland
1919, 1922 [202]

1920–1929

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1920
75px Julius Lassen July 4, 1847
Samsø, Denmark
November 23, 1923
Copenhagen, Denmark
1920 [203]
75px Désiré-Joseph Mercier[lower-alpha 134] November 21, 1851
Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
January 23, 1926
Brussels, Belgium
1920 [204]
75px Elis Strömgren May 31, 1870
Helsingborg, Sweden
April 5, 1947
Copenhagen, Denmark
1920, 1922, 1923 [205]
75px Hans Jacob Horst[lower-alpha 135] November 7, 1848
Hammerfest, Norway
March 17, 1931
Oslo, Norway
1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1927 [206]
75px Caroline Rémy de Guebhard April 27, 1855
Paris, France
April 24, 1929
Pierrefonds, France
1920, 1922, 1924, 1927, 1929 [207]
1921
75px Gérôme Périnet[lower-alpha 136] ? ? 1921 [208]
75px Francesco Quacquarelli ?
Italy
?
Italy
1921 [209]
75px Giovanni d'Ajutolo ?
Bologna, Italy
?
Bologna, Italy
1921, 1922, 1924, 1925 [210]
75px Herbert Hoover[lower-alpha 137] August 10, 1874
West Branch, Iowa, United States
October 20, 1964
New York City, New York, United States
1921, 1933, 1941, 1946 31st President of the United States (1929–1933)[211]
1922
Fridtjof Nansen LOC 03377u-3.jpg Fridtjof Nansen[lower-alpha 138] October 10, 1861
Oslo, Norway
May 13, 1930
Fornebo, Norway
1922, 1923 Won the 1922 Nobel Peace Prize.[212]
75px Hans Victor Clausen January 14, 1861
Odense, Denmark
October 7, 1937
Copenhagen, Denmark
1922 [213]
75px Jacques Dumas 1868
Paris, France
1945
Paris, France
1922 Jointly nominated with Friedrich Wilhelm Foerster.[214][215]
75px Jules Jean Prudhommeaux November 2, 1869
Chevennes, France
December 20, 1948
Versailles, France
1922
75px David Lloyd George January 17, 1863
Chorlton-on-Medlock, United Kingdom
March 26, 1945
Llanystumdwy, United Kingdom
1922 George: Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1916–1922)[216]
Griffith: President of Dáil Éireann (1922)[217]

Jointly nominated but Griffith died before the only chance to be rewarded.
75px Arthur Griffith March 31, 1871
Dublin, Ireland
August 12, 1922
Dublin, Ireland
1922
75px Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon[lower-alpha 139] April 25, 1862
London, United Kingdom
September 7, 1933
Fallodon, United Kingdom
1922 [218]
75px Eglantyne Jebb August 25, 1876
Ellesmere, United Kingdom
December 17, 1928
Geneva, Switzerland
1922 [219]
75px Warren Gamaliel Harding[lower-alpha 140] November 2, 1865
Blooming Grove, Ohio, United States
August 2, 1923
San Francisco, California, United States
1922, 1923 29th President of the United States (1921–1923)[220]
75px John Maynard Keynes[lower-alpha 141] June 5, 1883
Cambridge, United Kingdom
April 21, 1946
Sussex, United Kingdom
1922, 1923, 1924 [221]
75px Francesco Saverio Nitti[lower-alpha 142] July 19, 1868
Melfi, Italy
February 20, 1953
Rome, Italy
1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926 Prime Minister of Italy (1919–1920)[222]
75px Elsa Brändström Ulich[lower-alpha 143] March 26, 1888
Saint Petersburg, Russia
March 4, 1948
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
1922, 1923, 1928, 1929 [223]
75px Charles Evans Hughes[lower-alpha 144] April 11, 1862
Glens Falls, New York, United States
August 27, 1948
Osterville, Massachusetts, United States
1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1928, 1929 [224]
75px Paul Hymans[lower-alpha 145] March 23, 1865
Ixelles, Belgium
March 8, 1941
Nice, France
1922, 1937 [225]
75px Carl Albert Lindhagen[lower-alpha 146] December 17, 1860
Stockholm, Sweden
March 11, 1946
Stockholm, Sweden
1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939 [226]
1923
75px Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood[lower-alpha 147] September 14, 1864
London, United Kingdom
November 24, 1958
Danehill, United Kingdom
1923, 1924, 1925, 1928, 1935, 1937 Won the 1937 Nobel Peace Prize.[227]
75px Zeth Höglund April 29, 1884
Gothenburg, Sweden
August 13, 1956
Stockholm, Sweden
1923 [228]
75px Henry Macartney September 15, 1867
Armagh, United Kingdom
May 21, 1957
Decoto, California, United States
1923 [229]
75px Axel Svensson ?
Sweden
?
Sweden
1923 [230]
75px Frédéric Ferrière[lower-alpha 148] December 9, 1848
Geneva, Switzerland
June 14, 1924
Geneva, Switzerland
1923, 1924 [231]
75px Axel Theodor Adelswärd[lower-alpha 149] October 13, 1860
Flen, Sweden
September 29, 1929
Åtvidaberg, Sweden
1923, 1928 [232]
75px Baron Albéric Rolin-Jacquemyns[lower-alpha 150] 1843
Ghent, Belgium
1937
Ghent, Belgium
1923, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928 [233]
75px André Weiss[lower-alpha 151] September 30, 1858
Mulhouse, France
August 31, 1928
The Hague, Netherlands
1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928 [234]
1924
75px Eugene Victor Debs[lower-alpha 152] November 5, 1855
Terre Haute, Indiana, United States
October 20, 1926
Elmhurst, Illinois, United States
1924 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[235]
75px Edmund Dene Morel[lower-alpha 153] July 10, 1873
Paris, France
November 12, 1924
Devon, United Kingdom
1924 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[236]
75px Édouard Lambert May 22, 1866
Mayenne, France
October 22, 1947
Lyon, France
1924 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[237]
75px Raimundo Teixeira Mendes[lower-alpha 154] January 5, 1855
Caxias, Brazil
1927
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
1924 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[238]
75px Aga Khan III[lower-alpha 155] November 2, 1877
Karachi, Pakistan
July 11, 1957
Versoix, Switzerland
1924, 1925 [239]
75px Paul Fauchille[lower-alpha 156] February 11, 1858
Loos, France
February 9, 1926
Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
1924, 1926 [240]
75px Giovanni Papini January 29, 1881
Florence, Italy
July 8, 1956
Florence, Italy
1924, 1926 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[241]
75px Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland[lower-alpha 157] February 27, 1861
Stockholm, Sweden
October 24, 1951
Stockholm, Sweden
1924, 1928, 1932, 1934, 1936, 1937 [242]
75px John Hartman Morgan[lower-alpha 158] March 20, 1876
Caterham, United Kingdom
April 8, 1955
Royal Wootton Bassett, United Kingdom
1924, 1947, 1948 [243]
1925
75px Ferdinand Buisson[lower-alpha 159] December 20, 1841
Paris, France
February 16, 1932
Thieuloy-Saint-Antoine, France
1925, 1927 Won the 1927 Nobel Peace Prize with Ludwig Quidde.[244]
75px Nils Petersen 1858
Copenhagen, Denmark
1933
Copenhagen, Denmark
1925 [245]
75px Gustav Walker April 21, 1868
Vienna, Austria
January 1, 1944
Vienna, Austria
1925 [246]
75px Ramsay MacDonald[lower-alpha 160] October 12, 1866
Lossiemouth, United Kingdom
November 9, 1937
aboard the MV Reina del Pacifico
1925, 1929, 1930, 1931 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1924–1924, 1929–1935)[247]
75px Henri Demont[lower-alpha 161] June 16, 1877
Oise, France
February 20, 1959
Paris, France
1925, 1950, 1952, 1955 [248][249]
1926
75px Austen Chamberlain[lower-alpha 162] October 16, 1863
Birmingham, United Kingdom
March 16, 1937
London, United Kingdom
1926 Shared the 1925 Nobel Peace Prize but were awarded the following year.[250][251]
75px Charles Gates Dawes[lower-alpha 163] August 27, 1865
Marietta, Ohio, United States
April 23, 1951
Evanston, Illinois, United States
1926
75px Aristide Briand[lower-alpha 164] March 28, 1862
Nantes, France
March 7, 1932
Paris, France
1926, 1931 Briand: Prime Minister of France (1909–1917, 1921–1922, 1925–1926, 1929)
Stresemann: Chancellor of Germany (1923)

Shared the 1926 Nobel Peace Prize.[252][253]
75px Gustav Stresemann[lower-alpha 165] May 10, 1878
Berlin, Germany
October 3, 1929
Berlin, Germany
1926
75px Nathan Söderblom[lower-alpha 166] January 15, 1866
Uppsala, Sweden
July 12, 1931
Uppsala, Sweden
1926, 1929, 1930 Won the 1930 Nobel Peace Prize.[254]
75px Oswald Balzer January 23, 1858
Khodoriv, Ukraine
January 11, 1933
Lviv, Ukraine
1926 [255]
75px Carlos Median Chirinos[lower-alpha 167] ?
Venezuela
?
Venezuela
1926 [256]
75px François David ? ? 1926 [257]
75px Harry Graf Kessler May 23, 1868
Paris, France
November 30, 1937
Lyon, France
1926 [258]
75px Hans Luther[lower-alpha 168] March 10, 1879
Berlin, Germany
May 11, 1962
Düsseldorf, Germany
1926 Chancellor of Germany (1925–1926)[259]
75px Carlos Francisco Melo Fernández 1873
Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina
October 2, 1931
Buenos Aires, Argentina
1926 [260]
75px Vespasian Pella January 17, 1897
Bucharest, Romania
August 24, 1952
New York City, New York, United States
1926 [261]
75px Shibusawa Eiichi[lower-alpha 169] March 16, 1840
Fukaya, Saitama, Japan
November 11, 1931
Tokyo, Japan
1926, 1927 [262]
75px Nikolaos Sokrates Politis[lower-alpha 170] 1872
Greece
1942
France
1926, 1927, 1928, 1930 [263]
75px Edvard Beneš[lower-alpha 171] May 28, 1884
Kožlany, Czech Republic
September 3, 1948
Sezimovo Ústí, Czech Republic
1926, 1927, 1938, 1939, 1945, 1947, 1948 2nd and 4th President of Czechoslovakia (1935–1938; 1945–1948)[264]
1927
75px Emilio Caldara January 20, 1868
Soresina, Italy
October 31, 1942
Milan, Italy
1927 [265]
75px Giuseppe Motta[lower-alpha 172] December 29, 1871
Airolo, Switzerland
January 23, 1940
Bern, Switzerland
1927, 1928, 1930, 1932, 1933, 1937, 1938 [266]
75px James Thomson Shotwell[lower-alpha 173] August 6, 1874
Strathroy, Ontario, Canada
July 15, 1965
Woodstock, New York, United States
1927, 1928, 1930, 1932, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955 [267]
75px Max Huber[lower-alpha 174] December 21, 1874
Zürich, Switzerland
January 1, 1960
Zürich, Switzerland
1927, 1933, 1953, 1957 [268]
75px Östen Undén[lower-alpha 175] August 25, 1886
Karlstad, Sweden
January 14, 1974
Stockholm, Sweden
1927, 1966, 1967 [269]
1928
75px Giovanni Ciraolo May 24, 1873
Reggio Calabria, Italy
October 5, 1954
Rome, Italy
1928 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[270]
75px Auguste-Henri Forel September 1, 1848
Morges, Switzerland
July 27, 1931
Yvorne, Switzerland
1928 Nominated also for the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.
Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[271]
75px Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell[lower-alpha 176] February 22, 1857
Paddington, United Kingdom
January 8, 1941
Nyeri, Kenya
1928, 1933, 1937, 1938, 1939 [272]
1929
75px Frank Billings Kellogg[lower-alpha 177] December 22, 1856
Potsdam, New York, United States
December 21, 1937
Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States
1929, 1930 Won the 1929 Nobel Peace Prize but was awarded the following year.[273]
75px Severin Christensen[lower-alpha 178] March 19, 1867
Rønne, Denmark
January 19, 1933
Rønne, Denmark
1929 [274]
75px Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog[lower-alpha 179] December 3, 1888
Lomza, Poland
July 25, 1959
Jerusalem, Israel
1929 [275]
75px Bernard Loder[lower-alpha 180] September 13, 1849
Amsterdam, Netherlands
November 4, 1935
The Hague, Netherlands
1929 [276]
75px Čeněk Slepánek June 20, 1878
Suchdol, Czech Republic
October 21, 1944
Kojetín, Czech Republic
1929 [277]
75px Salmon Levinson[lower-alpha 181] December 29, 1865
Noblesville, Indiana, United States
February 2, 1941
Chicago, Illinois, United States
1929, 1930 [278]
75px Hans Peter Hanssen[lower-alpha 182] February 21, 1862
Sundeved, Denmark
May 27, 1936
Aabenraa, Denmark
1929, 1930, 1932 [279]
75px Marc Sangnier April 3, 1873
Paris, France
May 28, 1950
Paris, France
1929, 1932 [280]
75px Édouard Herriot[lower-alpha 183] July 5, 1872
Troyes, France
March 26, 1957
Lyon, France
1929, 1933 Prime Minister of France (1924–1925, 1926, 1932)[281]
75px Nicholas Roerich October 19, 1874
Saint Petersburg, Russia
December 13, 1947
Naggar, India
1929, 1933, 1935 [282]
75px Gustaf Roos[lower-alpha 184] September 6, 1859
Karlskrona, Sweden
January 19, 1938
Stockholm, Sweden
1929, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1937 [283]

1930–1939

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1930
75px Nicholas Murray Butler[lower-alpha 185] April 2, 1862
Elizabeth, New Jersey, United States
December 7, 1947
New York City, New York, United States
1930, 1931 Won the 1931 Nobel Peace Prize with Jane Addams.[284]
75px Albert Schweitzer[lower-alpha 186] January 14, 1875
Kaysersberg Vignoble, France
September 4, 1965
Lambarene, Gabon
1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1938, 1939, 1950, 1952, 1953 Won the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize but was awarded the following year.
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[285]
75px James Chapple August 23, 1865
Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
April 8, 1947
Auckland, New Zealand
1930 [286]
75px Gustav Adolf Deissmann[lower-alpha 187] November 7, 1866
Langenscheid, Germany
April 5, 1937
Zossen, Germany
1930 [287]
75px Carlos Ibáñez del Campo[lower-alpha 188] November 3, 1877
Linares, Chile
April 28, 1960
Santiago, Chile
1930 19th and 25th President of Chile (1927–1931, 1952–1958)[288]
75px Augusto Bernardino Leguía y Salcedo[lower-alpha 189] February 19, 1863
Lambayeque, Peru
February 6, 1932
Callao, Peru
1930 40th President of Peru (1919–1930)[289]
75px Mario Leuzzi ?
Italy
?
Italy
1930 [290]
75px Harold Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Rothermere April 26, 1868
London, United Kingdom
November 26, 1940
Bermuda
1930 [291]
75px Samuel Colcord Bartlett[lower-alpha 190] November 25, 1817
Salisbury, New Hampshire, United States
November 16, 1898
Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
1930, 1931 [292]
75px P. B. de Ville ?
South Africa
?
South Africa
1930, 1932 [293]
75px Efisio Giglio-Tos[lower-alpha 191] January 2, 1870
Turin, Italy
January 6, 1941
Turin, Italy
1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1935, 1938 [294]
75px Paul von Schoenaich[lower-alpha 192] February 16, 1886
Trumiejki, Poland
January 7, 1951
Reinfeld, Germany
1930, 1931, 1933, 1947, 1948 [295]
75px Hans Wehberg[lower-alpha 193] December 15, 1885
Düsseldorf, Germany
May 30, 1962
Geneva, Switzerland
1930, 1939, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1952 [296]
75px Salvador de Madariaga[lower-alpha 194] July 23, 1886
A Coruña, Spain
December 14, 1978
Muralto, Switzerland
1930, 1936, 1952, 1953, 1965 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[297][298]
75px Friedrich Siegmund-Schultze[lower-alpha 195] June 14, 1885
Görlitz, Germany
July 11, 1969
Soest, Germany
1930, 1969 [299]
1931
75px Arthur Henderson[lower-alpha 196] September 13, 1863
Glasgow, United Kingdom
October 20, 1935
London, United Kingdom
1931, 1933, 1934 Won the 1934 Nobel Peace Prize.[300]
75px Dionisio Anzilotti[lower-alpha 197] February 20, 1867
Pescia, Italy
August 23, 1950
Pescia, Italy
1931 [301]
75px Didrik Nyholm[lower-alpha 198] June 21, 1858
Randers, Denmark
August 31, 1931
Copenhagen, Denmark
1931 Died before the only chance to be rewarded.[302]
75px Edward Price Bell March 1, 1869
Terre Haute, Indiana, United States
September 12, 1943
Pass Christian, Mississippi, United States
1931 [303]
75px Annie Wood Besant[lower-alpha 199] October 1, 1847
Clapham, United Kingdom
September 20, 1933
Adyar, Chennai, India
1931 [304]
75px Erich Maria Remarque[lower-alpha 200] June 22, 1898
Osnabrück, Germany
September 25, 1970
Locarno, Switzerland
1931 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[305]
75px André Lalande[lower-alpha 201] July 19, 1867
Dijon, France
November 15, 1963
Asnières-sur-Seine, France
1931 [306]
75px Georg Bonne August 12, 1859
Hamburg, Germany
May 1, 1945
Hamburg, Germany
1931, 1933 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[307]
75px Gerrit Jan Heering[lower-alpha 202] March 15, 1879
Pasuruan, Indonesia
August 18, 1955
Leiden, Netherlands
1931, 1932, 1933 [308]
75px Peter Rochegune Munch[lower-alpha 203] July 25, 1870
Redsted, Denmark
January 12, 1948
Copenhagen, Denmark
1931, 1933, 1934 [309]
75px Étienne Clémentel[lower-alpha 204] March 29, 1864
Clermont-Ferrand, France
December 25, 1936
Prompsat, France
1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935 [310]
75px Adolf Damaschke November 24, 1865
Berlin, Germany
July 30, 1935
Berlin, Germany
1931, 1933, 1934, 1935 [311]
75px Louis Edouard Demey July 29, 1876
Sint-Michiels, Belgium
February 19, 1943
Bruges, Belgium
1931, 1935 [312]
75px Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair[lower-alpha 205] March 15, 1857
London, United Kingdom
April 18, 1939
Rubislaw, United Kingdom
1931, 1932, 1935, 1936, 1937 [313][314]
75px Peter Tomaschek July 11, 1882
Siret, Romania
December 1, 1940
Siret, Romania
1931, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937 [315]
75px Martial Justin Verraux[lower-alpha 206] November 6, 1855
Paris, France
April 28, 1939
Paris, France
1931 [316]
75px Mariano Hilario Cornejo Zenteno[lower-alpha 207] October 28, 1866
Arequipa, Peru
March 25, 1942
Paris, France
1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939 [317]
75px Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi[lower-alpha 208] November 16, 1894
Tokyo, Japan
July 27, 1972
Schruns, Austria
1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1937, 1938, 1941, 1946, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1956, 1958, 1961, 1963, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1971, 1972 [318]
1932
75px Herbert Runham Brown[lower-alpha 209] June 27, 1879
Redhill, Surrey, United Kingdom
1949
United States
1932 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[319]
75px Raoul Dandurand November 4, 1861
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
March 11, 1942
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
1932 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[320]
75px Christian Frederick Heerfordt[lower-alpha 210] December 26, 1871
Copenhagen, Denmark
November 3, 1953
Copenhagen, Denmark
1932 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[321]
75px Herman Adriaan van Karnebeek[lower-alpha 211] August 21, 1874
The Hague, Netherlands
March 29, 1942
The Hague, Netherlands
1932 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[322]
75px Raja Mahendra Pratap[lower-alpha 212] December 1, 1886
Mursan, Uttar Pradesh, India
April 29, 1979
Madras, Tamil Nadu, India
1932 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[323]
75px Constantin Stameschkine December 18, 1874
Liepāja, Latvia
May 18, 1934
Brussels, Belgium
1932 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[324]
75px Georg Streit ?
Greece
?
Greece
1932 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[325]
75px Knut Sandstedt ?
Sweden
?
Sweden
1932, 1933 [326]
75px Vittorio Scialoja[lower-alpha 213] April 24, 1856
Turin, Italy
November 19, 1933
Rome, Italy
1932, 1933 [327]
75px Alejandro Álvarez[lower-alpha 214] February 9, 1868
Santiago, Chile
July 19, 1960
Paris, France
1932, 1933, 1934 [328]
75px Rafael Erich June 10, 1879
Turku, Finland
February 19, 1946
Helsinki, Finland
1932, 1933, 1934 6th Prime Minister of Finland (1920–1921)[329]
75px Pierre Laval[lower-alpha 215] June 28, 1883
Châteldon, Puy-de-Dôme, France
October 15, 1945
Fresnes, Val-de-Marne, France
1932, 1936 Prime Minister of France (1931–1932, 1935–1936, 1942–1944)[330]
75px John Bassett Moore December 3, 1860
Smyrna, Delaware, United States
November 12, 1947
New York City, New York, United States
1932, 1936, 1938 [331]
75px Alexandros Papanastasiou[lower-alpha 216] July 8, 1876
Tripoli, Libya
November 17, 1936
Athens, Greece
1932, 1934, 1935, 1936 Prime Minister of Greece (1924, 1932)[332]
1933
75px Victor Basch August 18, 1863
Budapest, Hungary
January 10, 1944
Neyron, Ain, France
1933 [333]
75px Arthur Charles Frederick Beales 1905
London, United Kingdom
August 16, 1974
London, United Kingdom
1933 [334]
75px Margit Antonia Bárczy[lower-alpha 217] November 29, 1877
Budapest, Hungary
March 26, 1877
Paris, France
1933 [335]
75px Rinaldo Dohrn[lower-alpha 218] March 13, 1880
Naples, Italy
December 14, 1962
Rome, Italy
1933 [336]
75px Hellmut von Gerlach[lower-alpha 219] February 2, 1866
Wińsko, Wołów, Poland
August 1, 1935
Paris, France
1933 [337]
75px Friedrich Philip Kiehl ?
France
?
France
1933 [338]
75px Louis Erasme Le Fur October 17, 1870
Pontivy, Morbihan, France
February 23, 1943
Paris, France
1933 [339]
75px Macellus Donald Alexander Redlich August 15, 1893
Budapest, Hungary
June 24, 1946
Chicago, Illinois, United States
1933 [340]
75px Michael Blümelhuber September 23, 1865
Steyr, Upper Austria, Austria
January 29, 1936
Steyr, Upper Austria, Austria
1933, 1934 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[341]
75px Karl Drexel July 21, 1872
Dornbirn, Vorarlberg, Austria
March 14, 1954
Dornbirn, Vorarlberg, Austria
1933, 1934 [342]
75px Fredrik Norman ?
Sweden
?
Sweden
1933, 1934 [343]
75px I. A. Davidson ?
France
?
France
1933, 1935 [344]
75px Karl Strupp March 30, 1886
Gotha, Thuringia, Germany
February 28, 1940
Chatou, Yvelines, France
1933, 1935 [345]
75px Manley Ottmer Hudson[lower-alpha 220] May 19, 1886
St. Peters, Missouri, United States
April 13, 1960
Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
1933, 1951 [346]
1934
75px Andreo Cseh[lower-alpha 221] 12 September 1895
Marosludas, Transylvania, Romania
9 March 1979
The Hague, Netherlands
1934 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[347]
75px Paul Desjardins 22 November 1859
Paris, France
13 March 1940
Pontigny, Yonne, France
1934 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[348]
75px Hans Driesch 28 October 1867
Bad Kreuznach, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
17 April 1941
Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
1934 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[349]
Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.
75px Gabriel Hanotaux 19 November 1853
Beaurevoir, Aisne, France
11 April 11, 1944
Paris, France
1934 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[350]
75px Hermann Kantorowicz 18 November 1877
Poznań, Poland
12 February 1940
Cambridge, United Kingdom
1934 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[351]
75px Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ca. 1881
Thessaloniki, Ottoman Empire (present-day Greece)
10 November 1938
Istanbul, Turkey
1934 1st President of Turkey (1923–1938)
Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[352]
75px Peter Manniche 21 October 1889
Ølsted, Denmark
15 February 1981
Helsingør, Denmark
1934 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[353]
75px Józef Piłsudski[lower-alpha 222] 5 December 1867
Zalavas, Švenčionys, Lithuania
12 May 1935
Warsaw, Poland
1934 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[354]
75px Gabriel Terra 1 August 1873
Montevideo, Uruguay
15 September 1942
Montevideo, Uruguay
1934 40th President of Uruguay (1931–1938)[355]
Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.
75px Moisés Vieites[lower-alpha 223] 1881
Havana, Cuba
?
Havana, Cuba
1934 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[356]
75px Constansis Vigil ?
Nicaragua
?
Nicaragua
1934 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[357]
75px Hans Kelsen[lower-alpha 224] 11 October 1881
Prague, Czech Republic
19 April 1973
Berkeley, California, United States
1934, 1936 [358]
75px Ivan Nikolaevich Efremov[lower-alpha 225] 18 January 1866
Kharkiv, Russia
13 January 1945
Paris, France
1934, 1935, 1936, 1937 [359]
75px Hari Mohan Banerjee[lower-alpha 226] ?
India
September 3, 1960
Kolkata, India
1934, 1936, 1938 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature.[360]
75px Franklin Delano Roosevelt[lower-alpha 227] 30 January 1882
Hyde Park, New York, United States
12 April 1945
Warm Springs, Georgia, United States
1934, 1938, 1939, 1945 32nd President of the United States (1933–1945)[361]
75px Jorge Hernàndez Lillo Jedetzky ?
Chile
?
Chile
1934, 1937, 1948, 1949 [362][363]
75px Gilbert Murray[lower-alpha 228] 2 January 1866
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
20 May 1957
Boars Hill, Oxford, United Kingdom
1934, 1956 [364]
1935
75px Carl von Ossietzky[lower-alpha 229] 3 October 1889
Hamburg, Germany
4 May 1938
Berlin, Germany
1935, 1936 Won the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize but was awarded in absentia because he was imprisoned and was refused a passport by the government of Germany.[365]
75px Carlos Saavedra Lamas[lower-alpha 230] 1 November 1878
Buenos Aires, Argentina
5 May 1959
Buenos Aires, Argentina
1935, 1936 Won the 1936 Nobel Peace Prize.[366]
75px Miguel Ángel Araújo 1858
Jucuapa, Usulután, El Salvador
2 August 1942
San Salvador, El Salvador
1935 [367]
75px Heinrich Küster 16 August 1870
Hanover, Lower Saxony, Germany
1 July 1956
Görlitz, Saxony, Germany
1935 [368]
75px Janet Miller ?
United States
?
United States
1935 [369]
75px Benito Mussolini 29 July 1883
Predappio, Forlì-Cesena, Italy
28 April 1945
Giulino, Como, Italy
1935 Prime Minister of Italy (1922–1943)[370]
75px Samuel Harden Church 24 January 1858
Hamilton, Missouri, United States
11 October 1943
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
1935, 1936 [371]
75px Alfred Edward Evershed[lower-alpha 231] 22 April 1870
Littlehampton, West Sussex, United Kingdom
31 May 1941
Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
1935, 1936 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature.[372]
75px Julie Bikle 8 January 1871
Lucerne, Switzerland
11 May 1962
Winterthur, Switzerland
1935, 1936, 1937 [373]
75px Justin Godart 26 November 1871
Lyon, France
12 December 1956
Paris, France
1935, 1936, 1937, 1938 [374]
75px Afrânio de Melo Franco[lower-alpha 232] 25 February 1870
Paracatu, Minas Gerais, Brazil
1 January 1943
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
1935, 1937, 1938 [375]
1936
75px Cordell Hull[lower-alpha 233] 2 October 1871
Olympus, Tennessee, United States
23 July 1955
Washington, D.C., United States
1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1941, 1945 Won the 1945 Nobel Peace Prize.[376]
75px Henri Bonnet 26 May 1888
Châteauponsac, Haute-Vienne, France
25 October 1978
Paris, France
1936 [377]
Pierre de Coubertin Anefo.jpg Pierre de Coubertin[lower-alpha 234] 1 January 1863
Paris, France
2 September 1937
Geneva, Switzerland
1936 [378]
75px Samuel Hoare, 1st Viscount Templewood[lower-alpha 235] 24 February 1880
London, United Kingdom
7 May 1959
London, United Kingdom
1936 [379]
75px Moina Belle Michael[lower-alpha 236] 15 August 1869
Good Hope, Georgia, United States
10 May 1944
Athens, Georgia, United States
1936 [380]
75px Arthur MacDonald ?
United States
?
United States
1936 [381]
75px Cairoli Gigliotti 1872
Italy
1946
Italy
1936 [382]
75px René Millet ?
Marseille, France
?
Marseille, France
1936 [383]
75px John Alfred Morehead[lower-alpha 237] 4 February 1867
Pulaski, Virginia, United States
1 June 1936
New York City, New York, United States
1936 Died before the only chance to be rewarded.[384]
75px Alfred Ploetz[lower-alpha 238] 22 August 1860
Świnoujście, Poland
20 March 20, 1940
Herrsching, Upper Bavaria, Germany
1936 [385]
75px Max Reinhardt 9 September 1873
Baden bei Wien, Lower Austria, Austria
31 October 1943
New York City, New York, United States
1936 [386]
75px Rafael Trujillo[lower-alpha 239] 24 October 1891
San Cristóbal, Dominican Republic
30 May 1961
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
1936 3rd and 6th President of the Dominican Republic (1930–1938, 1942–1952)[387]
75px Sténio Vincent[lower-alpha 240] 22 February 1874
Port-au-Prince, Haiti
3 September 1959
Port-au-Prince, Haiti
1936 28th President of Haiti (1930–1941)[388]
75px Irma Schweitzer-Meyer[lower-alpha 241] 20 January 1882
Baden, Switzerland
4 July 1967
Zürich, Switzerland
1936, 1937 [389]
75px Francesco Consentini 1870
Benevento, Italy
1944
Rome, Italy
1936, 1937, 1938 [390]
1937
75px Stanley Bruce[lower-alpha 242] 15 April 1883
St. Kilda, Victoria, Australia
25 August 1967
London, United Kingdom
1937 8th Prime Minister of Australia (1923–1929)[391]
75px Joaquím Cases-Carbó[lower-alpha 243] 22 February 1858
Barcelona, Spain
10 May 1943
Barcelona, Spain
1937 [392]
75px Edo Fimmen[lower-alpha 244] 18 June 1881
Nieuwer-Amstel, North Holland, Netherlands
14 December 1942
Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
1937 [393]
75px Nils August Nilsson 13 February 1860
Kristianstad, Sweden
2 November 1940
Örebro, Sweden
1937 [394]
Henrietta Szold.jpg Henrietta Szold[lower-alpha 245] 21 December 1860
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
13 February 1945
Jerusalem, Israel
1937 [395]
75px George Saint-Paul 17 April 1870
Montigny-lès-Metz, Moselle, France
11 February 1958
Genillé, Indre-et-Loire, France
1937 [396]
75px Henri Golay 1867
Switzerland
1950
Switzerland
1937, 1938, 1939 [397]
75px Nalini Kumar Mukherjee[lower-alpha 246] ?
India
?
India
1937, 1938, 1939 [398]
Mohandas K. Gandhi, portrait.jpg Mahatma Gandhi[lower-alpha 247] 2 October 1869
Porbandar, Gujarat, India
30 January 1948
New Delhi, India
1937, 1938, 1939, 1947, 1948 [399]
1938
Léon Jouhaux nobel.jpg Léon Jouhaux[lower-alpha 248] 1 July 1879
Paris, France
28 April 1954
Paris, France
1938, 1939, 1951 Won the 1951 Nobel Peace Prize.[400]
75px Charles Bernard ?
United States
?
United States
1938 [401]
75px William Ferris[lower-alpha 249] ?
Cork, Ireland
?
Cork, Ireland
1938 [402]
75px Princess Henriette of Belgium 30 November 1870
Brussels, Belgium
28 March 1948
Sierre, Switzerland
1938 [403]
Karl Kautsky 01.jpg Karl Kautsky[lower-alpha 250] 16 October 1854
Prague, Czech Republic
17 October 1938
Amsterdam, Netherlands
1938 [404]
75px Ernst Laur 27 March 1871
Basel, Switzerland
30 May 1962
Effingen, Switzerland
1938 [405]
75px W. Gregory Paull ?
United Kingdom
?
United Kingdom
1938 [406]
75px Hugh Richard Lawrie Sheppard 2 September 1880
Greater London, United Kingdom
31 October 1937
London, United Kingdom
1938 Posthumously nominated.[407]
75px Pierre Cérésole[lower-alpha 251] 17 August 1879
Lausanne, Switzerland
23 October 1945
Lausanne, Switzerland
1938, 1939 [408]
75px Haile Selassie[lower-alpha 252] 23 July 1892
Ejersa Goro, Ethiopia
27 August 1975
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
1938, 1964 Emperor of Ethiopia (1930–1974)[409]
1939
75px Carrie Chapman Catt[lower-alpha 253] 9 January 1859
Ripon, Wisconsin, United States
9 March 1947
New Rochelle, New York, United States
1939 [410]
75px Neville Chamberlain[lower-alpha 254] 18 March 1869
Birmingham, United Kingdom
9 November 1940
Heckfield, United Kingdom
1939 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1937–1940)[411]
75px Adolf Hitler[lower-alpha 255] 20 April 1889
Braunau am Inn, Upper Austria, Austria
30 April 1945
Berlin, Germany
1939 Chancellor of Germany (1933–1945)[412]
75px Robert Jacquinot de Besange 15 March 1878
Saintes, Charente-Maritime, France
10 September 1946
Berlin, Germany
1939 [413]
75px Pope Pius XI 31 May 1857
Desio, Monza e Brianza Italy
10 February 1939
Vatican City
1939 259th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church (1922–1939)
Died before the only chance to be rewarded.[414]
75px François-Joseph Troubat 6 May 1874
Montluçon, Allier, France
28 March 1968
Montluçon, Allier, France
1939 [415]

1940–1949

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1940-1944
No nominations were sent for the years 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, and 1944 due to World War II
and Nobel Peace Prizes has not been awarded these years.
1945
75px Winston Churchill[lower-alpha 256] 30 November 1874
Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
24 January 1965
Kensington, United Kingdom
1945, 1950 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1940–1945, 1951–1955)
Won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Literature.[416]
75px Maxim Litvinov[lower-alpha 257] 17 July 1876
Białystok, Podlaskie, Poland
31 December 1951
Moscow, Russia
1945 [417]
75px Jan Smuts[lower-alpha 258] 24 May 1870
Riebeeck West, Western Cape, South Africa
11 September 1950
Irene, Gauteng, South Africa
1945 [418]
JStalin Secretary general CCCP 1942.jpg Joseph Stalin[lower-alpha 259] 18 December 1878
Gori, Shida Kartli, Georgia
5 March 1953
Kuntsevo, Russia
1945, 1948 4th Premier of the Soviet Union (1941–1953)[419]
75px Anthony Eden[lower-alpha 260] 12 June 1897
Windlestone Hall, Rushyford, United Kingdom
14 January 1977
Alvediston, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
1945, 1955, 1956 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1955–1957)[420]
1946
EmilyGreeneBalch.jpg Emily Greene Balch[lower-alpha 261] 8 January 1867
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
9 January 1961
Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
1946 Won the 1946 Nobel Peace Prize with John Raleigh Mott.[421]
75px Henri Hemont ?
France
?
France
1946 [422]
75px Ernest Williams ?
United Kingdom
?
United Kingdom
1946 [423]
75px Alexandra Kollontai[lower-alpha 262] 31 March 1872
Saint Petersburg, Russia
9 March 1952
Moscow, Russia
1946, 1947 [424]
75px Louis de Brouckère 31 May 1870
Roeselare, Belgium
3 June 1951
Brussels, Belgium
1946, 1949, 1950, 1951 [425]
1947
75px John Boyd Orr[lower-alpha 263] 23 September 1880
Kilmaurs, East Ayrshire, United Kingdom
25 June 1971
Edzell, Angus, United Kingdom
1947, 1949 Won the 1949 Nobel Peace Prize.[426]
75px Natanael Beskow[lower-alpha 264] 9 March 1865
Västervik, Sweden
8 October 1953
Danderyd, Sweden
1947 [427]
75px Lionel Curtis[lower-alpha 265] 7 May 1872
Little Eaton, Derbyshire, United Kingdom
24 November 1955
Oxford, United Kingdom
1947 [428]
75px Carl Joachim Hambro 5 January 1885
Bergen, Norway
15 December 1964
Oslo, Norway
1947 [429]
75px Paul Percy Harris 19 April 1868
Racine, Wisconsin, United States
27 January 1947
Chicago, Illinois, United States
1947 Died before the only chance to be rewarded.[430]
75px Herbert Henry Lehman 28 March 1878
Manhattan, New York, United States
5 December 1963
New York City, New York, United States
1947 [431]
75px Alfred Eckhard Zimmern[lower-alpha 266] 26 January 1879
Surbiton, United Kingdom
24 November 1957
Avon, Connecticut, United States
1947 [432]
75px Pope Pius XII[lower-alpha 267] 2 March 1876
Rome, Italy
9 October 1958
Castel Gandolfo, Italy
1947, 1948 260th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.[433]
75px Georges Scelle[lower-alpha 268] 19 March 1878
Avranches, Manche, France
8 January 1961
Paris, France
1947, 1949, 1950, 1953, 1954, 1955 [434]
75px Anna Eleanor Roosevelt[lower-alpha 269] 11 October 1884
New York City, New York, United States
7 November 1962
Manhattan, New York, United States
1947, 1949, 1955, 1959, 1962 [435]
75px Johannes Ude[lower-alpha 270] 28 February 1874
Sankt Kanzian am Klopeiner See, Carinthia, Austria
7 July 1965
Grundlsee, Styria, Austria
1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962 [436]
1948
75px Oswaldo Aranha[lower-alpha 271] 15 February 1894
Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
27 January 1960
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
1948 [437]
75px Katharine Bruce Glasier[lower-alpha 272] 25 September 1867
Stoke Newington, London, United Kingdom
14 June 1950
Earby, Lancashire, United Kingdom
1948 [438]
75px Vyacheslav Molotov[lower-alpha 273] 9 March 1890
Sovetsk, Russia
8 November 1986
Moscow, Russia
1948 3rd Premier of the Soviet Union (1930–1941)[439]
75px Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirven[lower-alpha 274] 13 April 1865
Havana, Cuba
24 August 1951
Havana, Cuba
1948, 1949 [440]
75px José Gustavo Guerrero[lower-alpha 275] 26 June 1876
San Salvador, El Salvador
25 October 1958
Nice, Alpes-Maritimes, France
1948, 1949 [441]
75px Karl Renner[lower-alpha 276] 14 December 1870
Dolní Dunajovice, Czech Republic
31 December 1950
Vienna, Austria
1948, 1949 3rd President of Austria (1945–1950)[442]
75px Raoul Wallenberg[lower-alpha 277] 4 August 1912
Lidingö, Sweden
prob. 1947
Moscow, Russia
1948, 1949 Posthumously nominated.[lower-alpha 278][443]
75px Ewing Cockrell[lower-alpha 279] 28 May 1874
Warrensburg, Missouri, United States
21 January 1962
Washington, D.C., United States
1948, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953 [444]
75px Edgard Milhaud[lower-alpha 280] 14 April 1873
Nîmes, Gard, France
4 September 1964
Barcelona, Spain
1948, 1949, 1957 [445]
75px Otto Lehmann-Russbüldt[lower-alpha 281] 1 January 1873
Berlin, Germany
7 October 1964
Berlin, Germany
1948, 1951, 1953, 1954, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959 [446]
75px Harry Truman[lower-alpha 282] 8 May 1884
Lamar, Missouri, United States
26 December 1972
Kansas City, Missouri, United States
1948, 1950, 1953, 1966 33rd President of the United States (1945–1953)[447]
1949
René Cassin nobel.jpg René Cassin[lower-alpha 283] 5 October 1887
Bayonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France
20 February 1976
Paris, France
1949, 1950, 1968 Won the 1968 Nobel Peace Prize.[448][449]
75px Raphael Armattoe 12 August 1913
Keta, Ghana
22 December 1953
Hamburg, Germany
1949 [450]
75px Frank Ross McCoy[lower-alpha 284] 29 October 1874
Lewiston, Pennsylvania, United States
4 June 1954
Washington, D.C., United States
1949 [451]
75px Andrew Russell Pearson[lower-alpha 285] 31 December 1897
Evanston, Illinois, France
1 September 1969
Washington, D.C., United States
1949 [452]
75px Juan Domingo Perón[lower-alpha 286] 8 October 1895
Lobos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
1 July 1974
Buenos Aires, Argentina
1949 President of Argentina (1946–1955; 1973–1974).[453]
75px María Eva Duarte Perón[lower-alpha 286] 7 May 1919
Los Toldos, Argentina
26 July 1952
Buenos Aires, Argentina
1949 Nominated the only time with husband Juan Perón.[454]
75px Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal[lower-alpha 287] 4 May 1869
Santiago, Chile
3 May 1949
Santiago, Chile
1949 Died before the only chance to be rewarded.[455]
75px Marcus Wald ?
South Africa
?
South Africa
1949 [456]
75px Maria Tecla Montessori[lower-alpha 288] 31 August 1870
Chiaravalle, Ancona, Italy
6 May 1952
Noordwijk, South Holland, Netherlands
1949, 1950, 1951 [457]

1950–1959

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1950
75px Ralph Bunche[lower-alpha 289] August 7, 1904
Detroit, Michigan, United States
December 9, 1971
New York City, United States
1950 Won the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize.[458]
75px George Marshall[lower-alpha 290] December 31, 1880
Uniontown, Pennsylvania, United States
October 16, 1959
Washington, D.C., United States
1950, 1953 Won the 1953 Nobel Peace Prize.[459]
75px Sri Aurobindo August 15, 1872
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
December 5, 1950
Puducherry, Tamil Nadu, India
1950 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[460]
75px Francis Carlisle ?
New Zealand
?
New Zealand
1950 [461]
75px Louis Häfliger[lower-alpha 291] January 30, 1904
Zürich, Switzerland
February 15, 1993
Podbrezová, Slovakia
1950 [462]
75px Paul of Greece[lower-alpha 292] December 14, 1901
Acharnes, Attica, Greece
March 6, 1964
Athens, Greece
1950 King of Greece ('the Hellenes') (1947–1964)[463]
75px Emery Reves[lower-alpha 293] February 16, 1904
Bačko Gradište, Bečej, Serbia
October 4, 1981
Monte Carlo, Monaco
1950 [464]
75px Herbert Vere Evatt[lower-alpha 294] April 30, 1894
East Maitland, New South Wales, Australia
November 2, 1965
Canberra, Australia
1950, 1953 [465]
75px Raphael Lemkin[lower-alpha 295] June 24, 1900
Bezvodno, Kardzhali, Belarus
August 28, 1959
New York City, New York, United States
1950, 1951, 1955, 1956, 1958, 1959 [466]
Jnehru.jpg Jawaharlal Nehru[lower-alpha 296] November 14, 1889
Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
May 27, 1964
New Delhi, India
1950, 1951, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1960, 1961 1st Prime Minister of India (1950–1964)[467]
75px Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan[lower-alpha 297] September 5, 1888
Thiruttani, Tamil Nadu, India
April 17, 1975
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
1950, 1953, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1966 2nd President of India (1962–1967)
Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[468]
75px Sanjib Chaudhuri[lower-alpha 298] ?
India
?
India
1950, 1951, 1955, 1959, 1967, 1968, 1970, 1971 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[469]
75px Walter Robert Corti[lower-alpha 299] September 11, 1910
Zürich, Switzerland
January 12, 1990
Winterthur, Switzerland
1950, 1951, 1952, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1963, 1967 [470]
75px Robert Maynard Hutchins[lower-alpha 300] January 17, 1899
Brooklyn, New York, United States
May 17, 1977
Santa Barbara, California, United States
1950, 1951, 1967 [471][472]
75px Clarence Streit[lower-alpha 301] January 21, 1896
California, Missouri, United States
July 6, 1986
Washington, D.C., United States
1950, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1957, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1970, 1971, 1973 [473]
1951
75px Michael Allawerdi[lower-alpha 302] ?
Syria
?
Syria
1951 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[474]
75px Lucien Coquet 1873
France
1952
Pontoise, Val-d'Oise, France
1951 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[475]
75px Allen Dobson[lower-alpha 303] February 18, 1889
Nashville, Tennessee, United States
April 14, 1969
Nashville, Tennessee, United States
1951 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[476]
75px H. C. Honegger[lower-alpha 304] ?
United States
?
United States
1951 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[477]
75px Charles Cheney Hyde[lower-alpha 305] May 22, 1873
Chicago, Illinois, United States
February 13, 1952
New York City, New York, United States
1951 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[478]
75px Robert Jackson[lower-alpha 306] February 13, 1892
Spring Creek Township, Warren County, Pennsylvania, United States
October 9, 1954
Washington, D.C., United States
1951 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[479]
75px Emile Paulet[lower-alpha 307] January 11, 1914
Nieuil, Charente, France
June 17, 2007
Saint-Junien, Haute-Vienne, France
1951 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[480]
75px Hartley Shawcross[lower-alpha 308] February 4, 1902
Giessen, Hesse, Germany
July 10, 2003
Cowbeech, Wealden, United Kingdom
1951 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[481]
75px Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands[lower-alpha 309] August 31, 1880
The Hague, Netherlands
November 28, 1962
Apeldoorn, Gelderland, Netherlands
1951 Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)

Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[482]
75px Louis Vauthier[lower-alpha 310] July 20, 1887
Le Pâquier, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
March 18, 1963
Beauchamp, France
1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955 Another nominee (nominated in 1901) with the same surname have been merged with him at the nomination archive.[37]
75px Frank Buchman[lower-alpha 311] June 4, 1878
Pennsburg, Pennsylvania, United States
August 7, 1961
Freudenstadt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1961 [483]
75px Emile Dreyfus[lower-alpha 312] January 26, 1881
Basel, Switzerland
April 28, 1965
Basel, Switzerland
1951, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963 [484]
75px Trygve Lie[lower-alpha 313] July 16, 1896
Oslo, Norway
December 30, 1968
Geilo, Hol, Norway
1951, 1955, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1966, 1968 1st Secretary-General of the United Nations (1946–1952)[485][486]
1952
75px Philip Noel-Baker[lower-alpha 314] November 1, 1889
London, United Kingdom
October 8, 1982
London, United Kingdom
1952, 1953, 1954, 1959 Won the 1959 Nobel Peace Prize.[487]
Lester B. Pearson 1957.jpg Lester Bowles Pearson[lower-alpha 315] April 23, 1897
Newtonbrook, Toronto, Canada
December 27, 1972
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
1952, 1957 14th Prime Minister of Canada (1963–1968)
Won the 1957 Nobel Peace Prize.[488][489]
75px Louis St. Laurent February 1, 1882
Compton, Quebec, Canada
July 25, 1973
Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
1952 12th Prime Minister of Canada (1948–1957)
Nominated the only time with Lester B. Pearson.[490]
75px Giuseppe Antonio Borgese[lower-alpha 316] November 24, 1882
Polizzi Generosa, Palermo, Italy
December 4, 1952
Florence, Italy
1952 [491]
75px Benegal Narsing Rau[lower-alpha 317] February 26, 1887
Mangalore, Karnataka, India
November 30, 1953
Zürich, Switzerland
1952 [492]
75px Carlos Romulo[lower-alpha 318] January 14, 1899
Camiling, Tarlac, Philippines
December 15, 1985
Manila, Philippines
1952 [493]
75px Henrique Vasconcellos[lower-alpha 319] ?
Brazil
?
Brazil
1952 [494]
75px Ada Barbara Waylen[lower-alpha 320] 1906
United Kingdom
?
United Kingdom
1952 [495]
75px Miguel Alemán Valdés[lower-alpha 321] September 29, 1900
Sayula de Alemán, Veracruz, Mexico
May 14, 1983
Mexico City, Mexico
1952, 1953 53rd President of Mexico (1946–1952)[496]
75px Lorenzo Fernandez Rodriguez[lower-alpha 322] 1887
Chile
1953
Chile
1952, 1954, 1958 [497]
75px Paul Geheeb[lower-alpha 323] October 10, 1870
Geisa, Thuringia, Germany
May 1, 1961
Hasliberg, Switzerland
1952, 1953, 1960 [498]
75px Felix Kersten[lower-alpha 324] September 30, 1898
Tartu, Estonia
April 16, 1960
Hamm, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960 [499][500]
75px Elisabeth Friederike Rotten[lower-alpha 325] February 15, 1882
Berlin, Germany
May 2, 1964
London, United Kingdom
1952, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961 [501]
1953
75px Eduardo Anze Matienzo[lower-alpha 326] October 14, 1902
Cochabamba, Bolivia
1960
Bolivia
1953 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[502]
75px Léopold Boissier[lower-alpha 327] July 16, 1893
Geneva, Switzerland
October 22, 1968
Geneva, Switzerland
1953 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[503]
75px William Orville Douglas[lower-alpha 328] October 16, 1898
Maine Township, Minnesota, United States
January 19, 1980
Bethesda, Maryland, United States
1953 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[504]
75px James Warburg[lower-alpha 329] August 18, 1896
Hamburg, Germany
June 3, 1969
Washington, D.C., United States
1953 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[505]
75px Raul Fernandes[lower-alpha 330] October 24, 1877
Valença, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
January 6, 1968
Rio de Janeiro, United States
1953, 1954 [506]
75px Frank Porter Graham[lower-alpha 331] October 14, 1886
Fayetteville, North Carolina, United States
February 16, 1972
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
1953, 1954 [507]
75px Jean-Louis Paul-Boncour[lower-alpha 332] July 30, 1898
Paris, France
January 2, 1973
Paris, France
1953, 1954 [508]
75px Alberto Lleras Camargo[lower-alpha 333] July 3, 1906
Bogota, Colombia
January 4, 1990
Bogota, Colombia
1953, 1954 20th President of Colombia (1958–1962)[509]
75px Cândido Rondon[lower-alpha 334] May 5, 1865
Santo Antônio do Leverger, Mato Grosso, Brazil
April 19, 1958
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
1953, 1957 [510]
75px Margaret Higgins Sanger[lower-alpha 335] September 14, 1879
Corning, New York, United States
September 6, 1966
Tucson, Arizona, United States
1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1960, 1963 [511]
75px Brock Chisholm[lower-alpha 336] May 18, 1896
Oakville, Ontario, Canada
February 4, 1971
Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
1953, 1969, 1970, 1971 [512]
75px Josué de Castro[lower-alpha 337] September 5, 1908
Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
September 24, 1973
Paris, France
1953, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1970, 1973 [513]
1954
75px John Alexander Swettenham[lower-alpha 338] 1920
Canada
1980
Canada
1954 [514]
75px Helen Adams Keller[lower-alpha 339] June 27, 1880
Tuscumbia, Alabama, United States
June 1, 1968
Easton, Connecticut, United States
1954, 1958 [515]
75px Toyohiko Kagawa[lower-alpha 340] July 10, 1888
Kobe, Hyōgo, Japan
April 23, 1960
Tokyo, Japan
1954, 1955, 1956, 1960 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[516]
75px Clement Attlee[lower-alpha 341] January 3, 1883
London, United Kingdom
October 8, 1967
London, United Kingdom
1954, 1955, 1964 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1945–1951)[517][518]
1955
75px Vincent Auriol[lower-alpha 342] August 27, 1884
Revel, Haute-Garonne, France
January 1, 1966
Paris, France
1955 16th President of France (1947–1954)[519]
75px Gordon Rufus Clapp October 28, 1905
Ellsworth, Wisconsin, United States
April 28, 1963
New York City, United States
1955 [520]
75px Clement Davies[lower-alpha 343] February 19, 1884
Llanfyllin, Powys, United Kingdom
March 23, 1962
London, United Kingdom
1955 [521]
JohnFosterDulles.jpeg John Foster Dulles February 25, 1888
Washington, D.C., United States
May 24, 1959
Washington, D.C., United States
1955 [522]
75px Kazenizade Iranschär[lower-alpha 344] ?
Iran
?
Iran
1955 [523]
75px David Lilienthal July 8, 1899
Morton, Illinois, United States
January 15, 1981
New York City, New York, United States
1955 [524]
75px Pierre Mendès France[lower-alpha 345] January 11, 1907
Paris, France
October 18, 1982
Paris, France
1955 Prime Minister of France (1954–1955)[525]
75px Arthur Ernest Morgan June 20, 1878
Hamilton County, Ohio, United States
November 16, 1975
Xenia, Ohio, United States
1955 [526]
75px André Trocmé[lower-alpha 346] April 7, 1901
Saint-Quentin, Somme, France
June 5, 1971
Geneva, Switzerland
1955 Nominated the only time with Wilhelm Mensching.[527]
75px Wilhelm Mensching[lower-alpha 347] October 5, 1887
Lauenhagen, Lower Saxony, Germany
August 25, 1964
Stadthagen, Lower Saxony, Germany
1955, 1960 [528]
75px Konrad Adenauer[lower-alpha 348] January 5, 1876
Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
April 19, 1967
Bad Honnef, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
1955, 1956 1st Chancellor of Germany (1949–1963)[529]
75px Gertrud Baer[lower-alpha 349] November 25, 1890
Halberstadt, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
December 15, 1981
Geneva, Switzerland
1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959 [530]
75px Dwight Eisenhower[lower-alpha 350] October 14, 1890
Denison, Texas, United States
March 28, 1969
Washington, D.C., United States
1955, 1957, 1960, 1963 34th President of the United States (1953–1961)[531]
75px William Tubman[lower-alpha 351] November 29, 1895
Harper, Liberia
July 23, 1971
London, United Kingdom
1955, 1964 19th President of Liberia (1944–1971)[532]
1956
75px Earl Anglin James[lower-alpha 352] April 23, 1901
Memphis, Tennessee, United States
December 12, 1977
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1956 [533]
75px Juho Kusti Paasikivi[lower-alpha 353] November 27, 1870
Hämeenkoski, Finland
December 14, 1956
Helsinki, Finland
1956 7th President of Finland (1946–1956)[534]
75px Eugen Relgis March 22, 1895
Iași, Romania
May 24, 1987
Montevideo, Uruguay
1956 [535]
75px Jules Rimet October 14, 1873
Theuley, Haute-Saône, France
October 16, 1956
Suresnes, Hauts-de-Seine, France
1956 [536]
75px Pablo Casals[lower-alpha 354] December 29, 1876
El Vendrell, Tarragona, Spain
October 22, 1973
San Juan, Puerto Rico
1956, 1958, 1959 [537]
Martin Buber portrait.jpg Martin Buber[lower-alpha 355] February 8, 1878
Vienna, Austria
June 13, 1965
Jerusalem, Israel
1956, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1963, 1964, 1965 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[538]
75px Frank Laubach[lower-alpha 356] September 2, 1884
Benton, Columbia County, Pennsylvania, United States
June 11, 1970
Syracuse, New York, United States
1956, 1957, 1965, 1966, 1969 [539]
1957
75px Dominique Pire[lower-alpha 357] February 10, 1910
Dinant, Belgium
January 30, 1969
Leuven, Belgium
1957, 1958 Won the 1958 Nobel Peace Prize.[540][541]
75px Dag Hammarskjöld[lower-alpha 358] July 29, 1905
Jönköping, Sweden
September 18, 1961
Ndola, Zambia
1957, 1961 2nd Secretary-General of the United Nations (1953–1961)
Won the 1961 Nobel Peace Prize but was awarded posthumously.[542]
75px Jan Antonín Baťa[lower-alpha 359] March 7, 1898
Uherské Hradiště, Czech Republic
August 23, 1965
São Paulo, Brazil
1957 [543]
75px Ole Fredrik Olden[lower-alpha 360] June 10, 1879
Stavanger, Norway
February 19, 1963
Stavanger, Norway
1957 [544]
75px Alfred Parker[lower-alpha 361] 1897
United States
1964
United States
1957 [545]
75px Charles-André Gibrin[lower-alpha 362] 1892
France
1974
France
1957, 1958 [546]
75px Boris Gourevitch[lower-alpha 363] July 8, 1889
Kyiv, Ukraine
April 4, 1964
Manhattan, New York, United States
1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964 [547]
1958
75px Joseph Paul-Boncour[lower-alpha 364] August 4, 1873
Saint-Aignan, Loir-et-Cher, France
March 28, 1972
Paris, France
1958 Prime Minister of France (1932–1933)[548]
75px Józef Retinger[lower-alpha 365] April 17, 1888
Kraków, Poland
June 12, 1960
London, United Kingdom
1958 [549]
75px Mehr Chand Davar[lower-alpha 366] April 24, 1913
Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan
November 9, 1977
New Delhi, India
1958, 1970 [550][551]
75px Norman Cousins[lower-alpha 367] June 24, 1915
Union City, New Jersey, United States
November 30, 1990
Los Angeles, California, United States
1958, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1967, 1972 [552]
1959
75px Gunnar Myrdal[lower-alpha 368] December 6, 1898
Skattungbyn, Sweden
May 17, 1987
Danderyd, Sweden
1959, 1970 Won the 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with Friedrich Hayek.[553]
75px Olave St. Clair Baden-Powell[lower-alpha 369] February 22, 1889
Chesterfield, Derbyshire, United Kingdom
June 25, 1977
Bramley, Surrey United Kingdom
1959 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[554]
75px Andrew Cordier March 1, 1901
Canton, Ohio, United States
July 11, 1975
Manhasset, New York, United States
1959 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[555]
75px Robert Debré[lower-alpha 370] December 7, 1882
Sedan, Ardennes, France
April 29, 1978
Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
1959 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[556]
75px Konstantinos Diamantopoulos[lower-alpha 371] ?
Greece
?
Greece
1959 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[557]
75px Werenfried van Straaten[lower-alpha 372] January 17, 1913
Mijdrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
January 13, 2003
Bad Soden, Hesse, Germany
1959 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[558]
75px Norman Bentwich[lower-alpha 373] February 28, 1883
Hampstead, United Kingdom
April 8, 1971
London, United Kingdom
1959, 1961 [559]
75px Louis Sohn[lower-alpha 374] March 1, 1914
Lviv, Ukraine
June 7, 2006
Falls Church, Virginia, United States
1959, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1966 [560]
75px Grenville Clark[lower-alpha 375] November 5, 1882
New York City, New York, United States
January 13, 1967
Dublin, New Hampshire, United States
1959, 1961, 1964, 1966, 1967 [561][562]

1960–1969

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1960
75px Beniamino Bufano[lower-alpha 376] October 15, 1890
San Fele, Potenza Italy
August 18, 1970
San Francisco, California, United States
1960 [563]
75px William John Henry Boetcker December 29, 1873
Hamburg, Germany
December 29, 1962
Erie, Pennsylvania, United States
1960 [564]
75px Oskar Helmer[lower-alpha 377] November 16, 1887
Gattendorf, Bavaria, Germany
February 13, 1963
Vienna, Austria
1960 [565]
75px Nobusuke Kishi[lower-alpha 378] November 13, 1896
Tabuse, Yamaguchi, Japan
August 7, 1987
Tokyo, Japan
1960 Prime Minister of Japan (1957–1960)[566]
75px Howard Rusk[lower-alpha 379] April 9, 1901
Brookfield, Missouri, United States
November 4, 1989
Manhattan, New York, United States
1960 [567]
75px Bichare Tabbah[lower-alpha 380] September 26, 1891
Beirut, Lebanon
December 30, 1970
Beirut, Lebanon
1960 [568]
75px Félix Kir[lower-alpha 381] January 22, 1876
Alise-Sainte-Reine, Côte-d'Or, France
April 26, 1968
Dijon, Côte-d'Or, France
1960, 1961 [569]
75px Arnold Zweig November 10, 1887
Głogów, Poland
November 26, 1968
Berlin, Germany
1960, 1961 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[570]
Basil O Connor.jpg Basil O'Connor[lower-alpha 382] January 8, 1892
Taunton, Massachusetts, United States
March 9, 1972
Phoenix, Arizona, United States
1960, 1961, 1962, 1963 [571]
75px Eugene R. Black Sr.[lower-alpha 383] May 1, 1898
Atlanta, Georgia, United States
February 20, 1992
Oakwood, Oklahoma, United States
1960, 1963 [572]
75px Charles Braibant[lower-alpha 384] March 31, 1889
Villemomble, Paris, France
April 23, 1976
Paris, France
1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1967 [573]
75px Hermann Gmeiner[lower-alpha 385] June 23, 1919
Alberschwende, Vorarlberg, Austria
April 26, 1986
Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
1960, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1968 [574]
75px Frederick P. Burdick[lower-alpha 386]
(prob. Eugene Burdick (1918–1965))
?
United States
?
United States
1960, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969 [575]
75px Raoul Follereau[lower-alpha 387] August 17, 1903
Nevers, Nièvre, France
December 6, 1977
Paris, France
1960, 1963, 1969, 1970 [576]
75px Cyrus Eaton[lower-alpha 388] December 27, 1883
Cumberland County, Nova Scotia, Canada
May 9, 1979
Northfield, Ohio, United States
1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1972 [577][578]
75px Umberto Campagnolo[lower-alpha 389] March 25, 1904
Este, Veneto, Italy
September 25, 1976
Este, Veneto, Italy
1960, 1961, 1973 [579]
1961
Albert Lutuli nobel.jpg Albert Lutuli[lower-alpha 390] November 30, 1897
Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
July 21, 1967
KwaDukuza, South Africa
1961 Won the 1960 Nobel Peace Prize but was awarded the following year.[580]
75px Linus Pauling[lower-alpha 391] February 28, 1901
Portland, Oregon, United States
August 19, 1994
Big Sur, California, United States
1961, 1962, 1963 Won the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and Won the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize but was awarded the following year.[581][lower-alpha 392]
75px Arnaldo Fortini[lower-alpha 393] December 13, 1889
Assisi, Perugia, Italy
May 15, 1970
Assisi, Perugia, Italy
1961 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[582]
75px José María González García[lower-alpha 394] 1880
Colombia
1966
Colombia
1961 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[583]
75px Marie-Elisabeth Lüders[lower-alpha 395] June 25, 1878
Berlin, Germany
March 23, 1966
Berlin, Germany
1961 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[584]
75px Henri Rolin May 3, 1891
Ghent, Belgium
April 20, 1973
Paris, France
1961 Nobel Peace Prize has not been awarded this year.[585]
75px Angelo Jaquinto[lower-alpha 396] ?
Italy
?
Italy
1961 Nominated the only time with Salvatore Jaquinto.[586]
75px Salvatore Jaquinto[lower-alpha 397] ?
Italy
?
Italy
1961, 1962 [587]
75px Gertrud Kurz-Hohl[lower-alpha 398] March 15, 1890
Lutzenberg, Switzerland
June 26, 1972
Lutzenberg, Switzerland
1961, 1962 [588]
75px Giulia Scappino Mureno[lower-alpha 399] 1902
Italy
after 1970
Italy
1961, 1962 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[589]
75px Lotta Hitschmanova[lower-alpha 400] November 28, 1909
Prague, Czech Republic
August 1, 1990
Ottawa, Canada
1961, 1962 [590]
75px Carl Lutz[lower-alpha 401] March 30, 1895
Walzenhausen, Switzerland
February 12, 1975
Bern, Switzerland
1961, 1962, 1963 [591]
75px Luigi Spinelli[lower-alpha 402] ?
?
1961, 1962, 1963, 1964 [592]
75px Fenner Brockway[lower-alpha 403] November 1, 1888
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
April 28, 1988
Watford, Central London, United Kingdom
1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1969 [593]
75px Vinoba Bhave[lower-alpha 404] September 11, 1895
Pen, Maharashtra, India
November 15, 1982
Wardha, Maharashtra, India
1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971 [594]
75px Charles Henry Alexandrowicz[lower-alpha 405] October 13, 1902
Lviv, Ukraine
September 26, 1975
Vienna, Austria
1961, 1962, 1964, 1972 [595]
75px Danilo Dolci[lower-alpha 406] June 28, 1924
Sežana, Slovenia
December 30, 1997
Partinico, Italy
1961, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1972 [596][597]
75px Jules Moch March 15, 1893
Paris, France
July 31, 1985
Cabris, Alpes-Maritimes, France
1961, 1973 [598]
1962
75px Maude Miner-Hadden[lower-alpha 407] June 29, 1880
Manhattan, New York, United States
April 14, 1967
Palm Beach, Florida, United States
1962 [599]
75px Urho Kekkonen[lower-alpha 408] September 3, 1900
Pielavesi, Finland
August 31, 1986
Helsinki, Finland
1962 8th President of Finland (1956–1982)[600]
75px John Fitzgerald Kennedy May 29, 1917
Brookline, Massachusetts, United States
November 22, 1963
Dallas, Texas, United States
1962 35th President of the United States (1961–1963)[601]
75px Rajah Manikam ?
India
?
India
1962 [602][603]
75px Charles Richet December 11, 1882
Paris, France
July 17, 1966
France
1962 [604]
75px Eli Stanley Jones[lower-alpha 409] January 3, 1884
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
January 25, 1973
Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
1962, 1963 [605]
75px Fritz von Unruh[lower-alpha 410] May 10, 1885
Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
November 28, 1970
Diez, Rhineland-Palatinate Germany
1962, 1963, 1966, 1968 [606][607]
75px James William Fulbright[lower-alpha 411] April 9, 1906
Sumner, Missouri, United States
February 9, 1995
Washington, D.C., United States
1962, 1967, 1972 [608]
1963
75px Bertrand Russell[lower-alpha 412] May 18, 1872
Trellech, Monmouthshire, United Kingdom
February 2, 1970
Penrhyndeudraeth, Gwynedd, United Kingdom
1963, 1967 Won the 1950 Nobel Prize in Literature.[609]
75px Domenico Antonio Cardone January 21, 1894
Palmi, Calabria, Italy
September 18, 1986
Palmi, Calabria, Italy
1963 [610]
75px Catherine Devilliers[lower-alpha 413] 1894
France
1972
France
1963 [611]
75px Heinrich Grüber[lower-alpha 414] June 24, 1891
Stolberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
November 29, 1975
Berlin, Germany
1963 [612]
75px Stella Monk[lower-alpha 415] ?
United Kingdom
?
United Kingdom
1963 [613]
75px Fook-Wo Poon[lower-alpha 416] ?
China
?
China
1963 [614]
75px Daisetsu Teitaro Suzuki[lower-alpha 417] October 18, 1870
Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
July 12, 1966
Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan
1963 [615]
75px Stephen Galatti[lower-alpha 418] August 6, 1888
Monmouth Beach, New Jersey, United States
July 13, 1964
Rhinebeck, New York, United States
1963, 1964 [616]
75px Adolfo López Mateos[lower-alpha 419] May 26, 1909
Ciudad López Mateos, Mexico
September 22, 1969
Mexico City, Mexico
1963, 1964 55th President of Mexico (1958–1964)[617]
75px Gordon Gilkey[lower-alpha 420] March 10, 1912
Linn County, Oregon, United States
October 28, 2000
Portland, Oregon, United States
1963, 1964 [618]
75px Maharishi Mahesh Yogi[lower-alpha 421] January 12, 1918
Rajim, Chhattisgarh, India
February 5, 2008
Vlodrop, Roerdalen, Netherlands
1963, 1964 [619]
75px Paul Gray Hoffman[lower-alpha 422] April 26, 1891
Western Springs, Illinois, United States
October 8, 1974
New York City, New York, United States
1963, 1966, 1970 [620][621]
75px Josip Broz Tito[lower-alpha 423] May 7, 1892
Kumrovec, Croatia
May 4, 1980
Ljubljana, Slovenia
1963, 1973 President of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1953–1980)[622]
1964
Martin Luther King, Jr..jpg Martin Luther King Jr.[lower-alpha 424] January 15, 1929
Atlanta, Georgia, United States
April 4, 1968
Memphis, Tennessee, United States
1964 Won the 1964 Nobel Peace Prize.[623]
75px Jess Gorkin[lower-alpha 425] October 23, 1913
Rochester, New York, United States
February 19, 1985
Longboat Key, Florida, United States
1964 [624]
75px Josef Hromádka[lower-alpha 426] June 8, 1889
Hodslavice, Nový Jičín, Czech Republic
December 26, 1969
Prague, Czech Republic
1964 [625]
75px Lyndon Baines Johnson[lower-alpha 427] August 27, 1908
Stonewall, Texas, United States
January 22, 1973
Stonewall, Texas, United States
1964 36th President of the United States (1963–1969)[626]
75px Woodland Kahler[lower-alpha 428] February 6, 1895
Dallas, Texas, United States
July 31, 1981
Bangor, Maine, United States
1964 [627]
75px Joseph Needham[lower-alpha 429] December 9, 1900
London, United Kingdom
March 24, 1995
Cambridge, United Kingdom
1964 [628]
75px Paul-Henri Spaak[lower-alpha 430] January 25, 1899
Schaerbeek, Belgium
July 31, 1972
Braine-l'Alleud, Walloon Brabant, Belgium
1964 [629]
75px Norman Thomas[lower-alpha 431] November 20, 1884
Marion, Ohio, United States
December 19, 1968
Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States
1964 [630]
75px Hans Thirring[lower-alpha 432] March 23, 1888
Vienna, Austria
March 22, 1976
Vienna, Austria
1964, 1965 [631]
75px Mohammad Reza Pahlavi[lower-alpha 433] October 26, 1919
Tehran, Iran
July 27, 1980
Cairo, Egypt
1964, 1967 Last King of Iran (1941–1979)[632]
75px Guido Guida[lower-alpha 434] December (or September) 11, 1897
Trapani, Italy
February 19, 1969
Roma, Italy
1964, 1965, 1966, 1968 [633]
75px Abraham Vereide[lower-alpha 435] October 7, 1886
Gloppen, Norway
May 16, 1969
Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
1964, 1965, 1966, 1968 [634][635]
75px Marc Joux[lower-alpha 436] ?
France
?
France
1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973 [636]
1965
75px David Dove Carver August 1903
United Kingdom
May 1974
St Pancras, London, United Kingdom
1965 [637]
75px Arne Geijer[lower-alpha 437] May 7, 1910
Söderala, Söderhamn, Sweden
January 27, 1979
Stockholm, Sweden
1965 [638]
75px Mohammad Hejazi[lower-alpha 438] April 14, 1900
Tehran, Iran
January 30, 1974
Tehran, Iran
1965 [639]
75px Galo Plaza[lower-alpha 439] February 17, 1906
New York City, New York, United States
January 28, 1987
Quito, Ecuador
1965 29th President of Ecuador (1948–1952)[640]
75px Adlai Stevenson II[lower-alpha 440] February 5, 1900
Los Angeles, California, United States
July 14, 1965
London, United Kingdom
1965 Died before the only chance to be rewarded.[641]
75px Shigeru Yoshida[lower-alpha 441] September 22, 1878
Yokosuka, Kinagawa, Japan
October 20, 1967
Tokyo, Japan
1965, 1966, 1967 [642]
U Thant (1963).jpg U Thant[lower-alpha 442] January 22, 1909
Pantanaw, Maubin, Myanmar
December 25, 1974
New York City, New York, United States
1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1972 3rd Secretary-General of the United Nations (1962–1971)[643][644]
75px Pope Paul VI[lower-alpha 443] September 26, 1897
Concesio, Brescia, Italy
August 6, 1978
Castel Gandolfo, Rome, Italy
1965, 1967, 1972 262nd Pope of the Roman Catholic Church (1963–1978)[645]
1966
Yukawa.jpg Hideki Yukawa January 23, 1907
Tokyo, Japan
September 8, 1981
Kyoto, Japan
1966 Won the 1949 Nobel Prize in Physics.[646]
75px Jan Tinbergen[lower-alpha 444] April 12, 1903
The Hague, Netherlands
June 9, 1994
The Hague, Netherlands
1966, 1968 Won the 1969 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with Ragnar Frisch.[647]
75px Habib Bourguiba[lower-alpha 445] August 3, 1903
Monastir, Tunisia
April 6, 2000
Monastir, Tunisia
1966 1st President of Tunisia (1957–1987)[648]
Joseph Cardijn Colored.jpg Joseph Leo Cardijn[lower-alpha 446] November 13, 1882
Schaerbeek, Belgium
July 24, 1967
Leuven, Belgium
1966 [649]
75px Martin Niemöller January 14, 1892
Lippstadt, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
March 6, 1984
Wiesbaden, Hesse, Germany
1966 [650]
75px Léopold Sédar Senghor[lower-alpha 447] October 9, 1906
Joal-Fadiouth, M'Bour, Senegal
December 20, 2001
Verson, Calvados, France
1966 1st President of Senegal (1960–1980) and nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too..[651]
75px Adam Rapacki[lower-alpha 448] December 24, 1909
Lviv, Ukraine
October 10, 1970
Warsaw, Poland
1966, 1968 [652]
75px Joaquín Sanz Gadea[lower-alpha 449] June 30, 1930
Teruel, Spain
May 25, 2019
Madrid, Spain
1966, 1968, 1969 [653]
75px Sri Kathiresu Ramachandra[lower-alpha 450] 1895
Colombo, Sri Lanka
1976
Colombo, Sri Lanka
1966, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971 [654][655]
1967
75px Abbé Pierre August 5, 1912
Lyon, Rhône, France
January 22, 2007
Paris, France
1967 [656]
75px Harry Elias Edmonds 1883
United States
July 6, 1979
Clifton Springs, New York, United States
1967 [657]
Ernest Gruening (D-AK).jpg Ernest Gruening February 6, 1887
New York City, New York, United States
June 26, 1974
Washington, D.C., United States
1967 Jointly nominated only.[658][659]
75px Wayne Morse October 20, 1900
Madison, Wisconsin, United States
July 22, 1974
Portland, Oregon, United States
1967
75px Kurt Hahn June 5, 1886
Berlin, Germany
December 14, 1974
Salem, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
1967 [660]
75px Thích Nhất Hạnh October 11, 1926
Huế, Thừa Thiên Huế, Vietnam
January 22, 2022
Huế, Thừa Thiên Huế, Vietnam
1967 [661][662]
75px William Ernest Hocking August 10, 1873
Cleveland, Ohio, United States
June 12, 1966
Madison, New Hampshire, United States
1967 Posthumously nominated.[663]
75px İsmet İnönü September 24, 1884
İzmir, Ottoman Empire (present-day Turkey)
December 25, 1973
Ankara, Turkey
1967 2nd President of Turkey (1938–1950)[664]
75px Danny Kaye January 18, 1911
Brooklyn, New York, United States
March 3, 1987
Los Angeles, California, United States
1967 [665]
75px Das Moni Roy February 12, 1895
Memari, West Bengal, India
?
India
1967 [666]
75px Sargent Shriver November 9, 1915
Westminster, Maryland, United States
January 18, 2011
Bethesda, Maryland, United States
1967 [667]
75px Isidor Feinstein Stone December 24, 1907
Philadelphia, United States
June 18, 1989
Boston, United States
1967 [668]
75px Geoffrey Leonard Cheshire September 7, 1917
Chester, Cheshire, United Kingdom
July 31, 1992
Cavendish, Suffolk, United Kingdom
1967 Nominated the only time with Sue Ryder Cheshire.[669]
75px Binay Ranjan Sen[lower-alpha 451] January 1, 1898
Dibrugarh, Assam, India
June 12, 1993
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
1967, 1968 [670][671]
75px Sue Ryder Cheshire[lower-alpha 452] July 3, 1924
Leeds, United Kingdom
November 2, 2000
Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, United Kingdom
1967, 1968 [672][673]
75px William P. Holman September 21, 1914
Salem, Oregon, United States
May 22, 2003
Claremont, California, United States
1967, 1968 [674][675]
75px Quincy Wright[lower-alpha 453] December 28, 1890
Medford, Massachusetts, United States
October 17, 1970
Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
1967, 1970 [676]
75px Charles Rhyne June 23, 1912
Charlotteville, Pennsylvania, United States
July 27, 2003
McLean, Virginia United States
1967, 1972 [677]
1968
75px Norman Borlaug[lower-alpha 454] March 25, 1914
Cresco, Iowa, United States
September 12, 2009
Dallas, Texas, United States
1968, 1969, 1970 Won the 1970 Nobel Peace Prize[678]
75px Alfonso García Robles[lower-alpha 455] March 20, 1911
Zamora, Michoacán, Mexico
September 2, 1991
Mexico City, Mexico
1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972 Won the 1982 Nobel Peace Prize with Alva Myrdal.[679][680]
75px Yoshio Koya[lower-alpha 456] 1890
Japan
1974
Japan
1968 [681]
75px Eric Wyndham White[lower-alpha 457] January 26, 1913
London, United Kingdom
January 27, 1980
Ferney-Voltaire, Ain, France
1968 [682]
75px Y. C. James Yen[lower-alpha 458] October 26, 1893
Bazhong, Sichuan, China
January 17, 1990
New York City, New York, United States
1968 [683]
75px Halvard Lange[lower-alpha 459] September 16, 1902
Oslo, Norway
May 19, 1970
Oslo, Norway
1968 [684]
75px Ralph K. White[lower-alpha 460] December 9, 1907
Detroit, Michigan, United States
December 25, 1993
Cockeysville, Michigan, United States
1968 [685]
75px John S. Knight[lower-alpha 461] October 26, 1894
Bluefield, West Virginia, United States
June 16, 1981
Akron, Ohio, United States
1968 [686]
75px Frans Hemerijckx[lower-alpha 462] August 18, 1902
Ninove, East Flanders, Belgium
October 14, 1969
Leuven, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
1968 [687]
75px Vicenç Ferrer Moncho[lower-alpha 463] April 9, 1920
Barcelona, Spain
June 19, 2009
Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
1968 [688]
75px René Maheu[lower-alpha 464] March 28, 1905
Saint-Gaudens, Haute-Garonne, France
December 19, 1975
Paris, France
1968, 1969 [689]
75px Ernst Bloch[lower-alpha 465] July 8, 1885
Ludwigshafen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
August 4, 1977
Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
1968, 1969 [690]
75px John Collins[lower-alpha 466] March 23, 1905
Cambridge, United Kingdom
December 31, 1982
London, United Kingdom
1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973 [691]
1969
75px Giorgio La Pira[lower-alpha 467] January 9, 1904
Pozzallo, Ragusa, Italy
November 5, 1977
Florence, Italy
1969 [692]
75px André Emmanuel Beauguitte July 6, 1901
Paris, France
June 20, 1986
Paris, France
1969 [693]
75px Alexander Dubček[lower-alpha 468] November 27, 1921
Uhrovec, Bánovce nad Bebravou, Slovakia
November 7, 1992
Prague, Czech Republic
1969 [694]
75px William Chapman Foster[lower-alpha 469] April 27, 1897
Westfield, New Jersey, United States
October 15, 1984
Washington, D.C., United States
1969 [695]
75px John D. Rockefeller III[lower-alpha 470] March 21, 1906
New York City, New York, United States
July 10, 1978
Mount Pleasant, New York, United States
1969 [696]
75px Noam Chomsky[lower-alpha 471] December 7, 1928
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
N/A 1969 [697]
75px Harry Willis Miller[lower-alpha 472] July 1, 1879
Ludlow Falls, Ohio, United States
January 1, 1977
Riverside, California, United States
1969 [698]
75px Kaoru Hatoyama[lower-alpha 473] November 21, 1888
Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
August 15, 1982
Tokyo, Japan
1969 [699]
75px William Bertalan Walsh[lower-alpha 474] April 26, 1920
Brooklyn, New York, United States
December 27, 1996
Bethesda, Maryland, United States
1969 [700]
75px Jogesh Chandra Bhattacharya c. 1895
India
April 2, 1960
India
1969 Posthumously nominated.[701]
75px Herman B. Wells[lower-alpha 475] June 7, 1902
Jamestown, Indiana, United States
March 18, 2000
Bloomington, Indiana, United States
1969 [702]
Jayaprakash Narayan October 11, 1902
Chhapra, Bihar, India
October 8, 1979
Patna, Bihar, India
1969 Nominated the only time with Vinoba Bhave.[703]
75px Athenagoras I of Constantinople[lower-alpha 476] March 25, 1886
Vasiliko, Ioannina, Greece
July 7, 1972
Istanbul, Turkey
1969 268th Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1948–1972)
Died before the only chance to be rewarded.[704]
75px Paul Dudley White[lower-alpha 477] June 6, 1886
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
October 31, 1973
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
1969, 1970 [705]
75px Alfred Verdroß-Droßberg[lower-alpha 478] February 2, 1890
Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
April 27, 1980
Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
1969, 1970 [706][707]
75px George Radwanski[lower-alpha 479] February 28, 1947
Baden-Baden, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
September 18, 2014
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1969, 1972 [708]
75px Charles Kaisel Bliss[lower-alpha 480] September 5, 1897
Chernivtsi, Ukraine
July 13, 1985
Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973 [709]
75px Spurgeon Milton Keeny[lower-alpha 481] July 16, 1893
Shrewsbury, Pennsylvania, United States
October 20, 1988
Washington, D.C., United States
1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973 [710]

1970–1974

Nominees are published 50 years later so 1974 nominees should be published at the beginning of 2025.

Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
1970
75px Alva Reimer-Myrdal[lower-alpha 368] January 31, 1902
Uppsala, Sweden
February 1, 1986
Stockholm, Sweden
1970 Won the 1982 Nobel Peace Prize with Alfonso García Robles.[711]
75px Elie Wiesel[lower-alpha 482] September 30, 1928
Sighet, Romania
July 2, 2016
Manhattan, New York, United States
1970, 1971, 1972, 1973 Won the 1986 Nobel Peace Prize and nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[712]
75px François Duvalier[lower-alpha 483] April 14, 1907
Port-au-Prince, Haiti
April 21, 1971
Port-au-Prince, Haiti
1970 34th President of Haiti (1957–1971)[713]
75px Britta Holmström[lower-alpha 484] April 8, 1911
Jönköping, Sweden
October 4, 1992
Lund, Sweden
1970 [714]
75px Eugene Carson Blake[lower-alpha 485] November 7, 1906
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
July 31, 1985
Stamford, Connecticut, United States
1970, 1971, 1972 [715]
75px Isaac Lewin[lower-alpha 486] January 14, 1906
Wieliczka, Kraków, Poland
August 25, 1995
New York City, New York, United States
1970, 1973 [716]
75px Hélder Câmara[lower-alpha 487] February 7, 1909
Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
August 27, 1999
Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
1970, 1971, 1972, 1973 [717]
1971
Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F057884-0009, Willy Brandt.jpg Willy Brandt[lower-alpha 488] December 18, 1913
Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
October 8, 1992
Unkel, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
1971 4th Chancellor of Germany (1969–1974)
Won the 1971 Nobel Peace Prize[718]
75px Buckminster Fuller[lower-alpha 489] July 12, 1895
Milton, Massachusetts, United States
July 1, 1983
Los Angeles, California, United States
1971 [719]
75px Arvid Pardo[lower-alpha 490] February 12, 1914
Rome, Italy
June 19, 1999
Seattle, Washington, United States
1971 [720]
75px Cesar Chavez[lower-alpha 491] March 31, 1927
Yuma, Arizona, United States
April 23, 1993
San Luis, Arizona, United States
1971 [721]
75px Herbert York[lower-alpha 492] November 24, 1921
Rochester, New York, United States
May 19, 2009
San Diego, California, United States
1971 [722]
75px Louise Weiss January 25, 1893
Arras, Pas-de-Calais, France
May 26, 1983
Paris, France
1971 [723]
75px Tage Erlander[lower-alpha 493] June 13, 1901
Munkfors, Sweden
June 21, 1985
Huddinge, Sweden
1971 Erlander: Prime Minister of Sweden (1946–1969)
Gerhardsen: 22nd Prime Minister of Norway (1945–1951, 1955–1965)

Jointly nominated only.[724][725]
75px Einar Gerhardsen[lower-alpha 493] May 10, 1897
Asker, Norway
September 19, 1987
Oslo, Norway
1971
75px Lyudmil Stoyanov[lower-alpha 494] February 6, 1886
Kovachevitsa, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
April 11, 1973
Sofia, Bulgaria
1971 [726]
75px Randolph Parker Compton[lower-alpha 495] March 18, 1892
Macon, Missouri, United States
September 15, 1987
White Plains, New York, United States
1971 [727]
75px Carl Bonnevie[lower-alpha 496] April 28, 1881
Trondheim, Norway
September 26, 1972
Oslo, Norway
1971 [728]
75px Stefan Wyszyński[lower-alpha 497] August 3, 1901
Zuzela, Ostrów Mazowiecka, Poland
May 28, 1981
Warsaw, Poland
1971, 1972 [729]
75px Francisco Arasa Bernaus[lower-alpha 498] ?
Spain
November 6, 1997
Spain
1971, 1972 [730]
75px Michail Stasinopoulos[lower-alpha 499] July 27, 1903
Kalamata, Greece
October 31, 2002 Athens,
Greece
1971, 1972 1st President of Greece (1974–1975)[731]
75px Jean Monnet[lower-alpha 500] November 9, 1888
Cognac, Charente, France
March 16, 1979
Bazoches-sur-Guyonne, Yvelines, France
1971, 1972, 1973 [732]
75px Jean Chazal de Mauriac June 4, 1907
Le Puy-en-Velay, Haute-Loie, France
April 2, 1991
Nice, Alpes-Maritimes, France
1971, 1973 [733]
75px Cláudio Villas-Bôas[lower-alpha 501] December 8, 1916
Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
March 1, 1998
Estado de São Paulo, Brazil
1971, 1972, 1973 Jointly nominated only.[734][735]
75px Orlando Villas-Bôas[lower-alpha 501] January 12, 1914
Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, São Paulo, Brazil
December 12, 2002
Estado de São Paulo, Brazil
1971, 1972, 1973
1972[736]
75px Seán MacBride January 26, 1904
Paris, France
January 15, 1988
Dublin, Ireland
1972, 1973 Won the 1974 Nobel Peace Prize.
75px Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu August 26 1910
Skopje, North Macedonia
September 5, 1997
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
1972 Won the 1979 Nobel Peace Prize
75px Daniel Berrigan May 9, 1921
Virginia, Minnesota, United States
April 30, 2016
New York City, New York, United States
1972 Jointly nominated only.
75px Philip Berrigan October 5, 1923
Two Harbors, Minnesota, United States
December 6, 2002
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
1972
75px William H. Chapman ?
United States
?
United States
1972
75px Ranganath R. Diwakar September 30, 1894
Dharwad, Karnataka, India
January 15, 1990
India
1972
75px Lev Dobriansky November 9, 1918
New York City, New York, United States
January 30, 2008
Springfield, Virginia, United States
1972
75px Billy Graham November 7, 1918
Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
February 21, 2018
Montreat, North Carolina, United States
1972
75px Isabelle Grant July 3, 1896
Lossiemouth, Moray, United Kingdom
June 1, 1977
London, United Kingdom
1972
75px Edward Heath July 9, 1916
Broadstairs, United Kingdom
July 17, 2005
Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
1972 Heath: Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1970–1974)

Jointly nominated only.
75px Roy Jenkins November 11, 1920
Abersychan, Torfaen, United Kingdom
January 5, 2003
East Hendred, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
1972
75px Alexandre Marc January 19, 1904
Odesa, Ukraine
February 22, 2000
Vence, Alpes Maritimes, France
1972
75px Ralph Nader 27 February 1934
Winsted, Connecticut, United States
N/A 1972
75px Elise Ottesen-Jensen January 2, 1886
Høyland, Norway
September 4, 1973
Stockholm, Sweden
1972
75px Annie Skau Berntsen May 29, 1911
Oslo, Norway
November 26, 1992
Horten, Norway
1972
75px Helen Suzman 7 November 1917
Germiston, Transvaal, South Africa
1 January 2009
Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
1972
75px Pierre Trudeau October 18, 1919
Montreal, Canada
September 28, 2000
Montreal, Canada
1972 15th Prime Minister of Canada (1980–1984)
1973[736]
75px Henry Kissinger May 27, 1923
Fürth, Bavaria, Germany
N/A 1973 Won the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize but Lê Đức Thọ declined his share.
75px Lê Đức Thọ October 10, 1911
Nam Trực, Nam Định, Vietnam
October 13, 1990
Hanoi, Vietnam
1973
75px Pearl S. Buck June 26, 1892
Hillsboro, West Virginia, United States
March 6, 1973
Danby, Vermont, United States
1973 Won the 1938 Nobel Prize in Literature.
75px Napoleón Bilbao Rioja ?
Bolivia
?
Bolivia
1973
Sri-Chinmoy-meditate-2.jpg Sri Chinmoy August 27, 1931
Chittagong, Bangladesh
October 11, 2007
New York City, United States
1973 Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature too.
75px Andrew W. Cordier March 1, 1901
Canton, Ohio, United States
July 11, 1975
Manhasset, New York, United States
1973
75px Daniel Ellsberg April 7, 1931
Chicago, Illinois, United States
June 16, 2023
Kensington, California, United States
1973
75px Indira Gandhi November 19, 1917
Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
October 31, 1984
New Delhi, India
1973 3rd Prime Minister of India (1966–1977, 1980–1984)
75px Robert S. Hartman January 27, 1910
Berlin, Germany
September 20, 1973
Mexico City, Mexico
1973
75px Jomo Kenyatta c. 1897
Ngenda, Gatundu, Kenya
August 22, 1978
Mombasa, Kenya
1973 1st President of Kenya (1964–1978)
75px Luis Kutner June 9, 1908
Chicago, Illinois, United States
March 1, 1993
Chicago, Illinois, United States
1973
75px Paul-Émile Léger April 26, 1904
Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Quebec, Canada
November 13, 1991
Montreal, Canada
1973
75px Richard Nixon January 9, 1913
Yorba Linda, California, United States
April 22, 1994
New York City, United States
1973 37th President of the United States (1969–1974)
75px Marcelo Nubla September 12, 1898
Manila, Philippines
1984 (?)
Philippines
1973
75px Samuel Pisar March 18, 1929
Białystok, Podlaskie, Poland
July 27, 2015
New York City, United States
1973
75px Jeannette Rankin June 11, 1880
Missoula, Montana, United States
May 18, 1973
Carmel, California, United States
1973 Died before the only chance to be rewarded.
75px Adam Schaff March 10, 1913
Lviv, Ukraine
November 12, 2006
Warsaw, Poland
1973
75px Gerard C. Smith May 4, 1913
New York City, United States
July 4, 1994
Easton, Maryland, United States
1973
75px Joseph Gabriel Starke November 16, 1911
Perth, Western Australia, Australia
February 24, 2006
Canberra, Australia
1973
75px Fernando Tamayo Tamayo February 13, 1950
Palermo, Boyacá, Colombia
April 13, 2018
Bogotá, Colombia
1973
75px Trần Minh Tiết December 28, 1922
Cam Lộ, Quảng Trị, Vietnam
April 18, 1986
Monterey Park, California, United States
1973
75px Kurt Waldheim December 21, 1918
Sankt Andrä-Wördern, Tulln, Austria
June 14, 2007
Vienna, Austria
1973 4th Secretary-General of the United Nations (1972–1981)
1974
to be revealed in 2025

See also

Motivations

  1. "Passy's career as a peace worker began in 1856 with his opposition to the Crimean War. In 1867 he founded the first French peace society ('Ligue internationale et permanente de la paix'). Passy promoted free trade, pacifism, international law and arbitration. As a member of parliament (1881-1889), he also contributed to the founding of the Inter-Parliamentary Union."
  2. "Dunant was one of the founders of the International Committee of the Red Cross and he was the initiator of the Geneva Convention."
  3. "Ducommun was the unpaid leader of the Permanent International Peace Bureau, and his work was therefore closely connected to it. He actively started working for peace in 1867 when he participated at the foundation of Ligue de la Paix et de la Liberté. He advocated a pragmatic and practical approach to peace work, and he promoted international arbitration."
  4. "Gobat was secretary-general of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. He was one of the leading administrators in the peace movement."
  5. "Cremer established the International Arbitration League in 1870. He initiated an arbitration treaty between Great Britain and the United States. Cremer organized and promoted inter-parliamentary peace conferences, and he was editor of the journal The Arbitrato. He was the only labor leader in the peace movement and he promoted brotherhood between the working classes in England and France. Cremer was also one of the founders of the Inter-Parliamentary Union."
  6. "Suttner was the author of the novel Die Waffen nieder (Lay Down Your Arms), the most important antiwar novel of the period. She was the founder and president of the Austrian Peace Society (1891), and she contributed to the foundation of the Permanent International Peace Bureau (1891). Suttner was nominated for her contribution to the international peace movement."
  7. "Bloch was nominated for his work The Future of War in its Technical, Economic and Political Relation (6 vols., 1898). One of his conclusions was that there would be no decisive victories in future land wars between great powers; the armies would entrench themselves and the ensuing deadlock would last for years. Armed conflict would be determined not by military success but by the eventual economic collapse of societies."
  8. "Linker was nominated for his 30 years in the service of the cause of peace and humanitarianism."
  9. "Mühlberger was nominated for his extensive thinking on war and peace, and especially for his book on Proudhon (1899), in which he expressed several ideas on how to deal with the issue of war and peace."
  10. "Nikolai II initiated the First Hague Peace Conference in 1899. The czar's intention was to seek agreements to limit armaments and the financial burden of excessive armament, and to improve the prospects of peaceful settlement of international conflicts and to codify the laws of war."
  11. "Pandolfi was nominated for his efforts to establish local peace associations (Venice and Turin) and the Italian Peace Society, and also for his inter-parliamentary peace work. He acted as mediator between Italy and Romania, and Italy and France, in an attempt to create greater understanding and a sense of brotherhood between these states."
  12. "Pauncefote dealt successfully with the problems concerning seal fishing in the Bering Sea, the Venezuela Boundary Dispute, and the Panama Canal question (the Hay-Pauncefote treaties 1899-1901). As a delegate to the First Hague Conference (1899) he was a leading figure in the formation of a permanent tribunal of arbitration."
  13. "Petrochi was nominated for his work La Guerra."
  14. "Hector was nominated (in 1901 under the pseudonym "N.J. Pierlin") for his book on the work of Proudhon."
  15. "Moynier was one of the founders of the International Committee of the Red Cross, and he was nominated for his efforts to organize its work. He drafted the Geneva Convention. He was also one of the founders of the Institute of International Law."
  16. "Martens advocated international arbitration and he also worked to establish a codification of the laws of war. Martens often acted as mediator in disputes between European states. He is the author of the book La paix et la guerre."
  17. "Tolstoy was nominated for his literary works, especially his later philosophical and religious books – War and Peace (1865-69) and Anna Karenina (1875-77) – which evidently promoted peace and anti-militarism."
  18. "Stead promoted peace and international arbitration. He attended several peace conferences, including The Hague (1899) and Kristiania (1899). Stead instigated the so-called 'Peace Crusade' in England and Scotland, and he published the journal War against war. He believed that the best guarantee for world peace would be a peace treaty between Great Britain and Russia. Stead also agitated vigorously against the Boer War and promoted international law and arbitration."
  19. "Loewenthal was one of the earliest promoters of the necessity to establish a league of European states. He also promited disarmament, reform of international law and the introduction of obligatory arbitration of disputes between states through an international system of "peace justice". He was instrumental in the founding of what was later known as the Inter-Parliamentary Union."
  20. "Richter was chairman of the German Peace Association. One of the central figures of the early German peace movement. He attended international peace conferences and presided over the peace conference in Hamburg in 1897."
  21. "Lockwood attended several international peace conferences. She supported Bajer in his work to found the Permanent International Peace Bureau, and she founded a branch of the Bureau in Washington. She was for a long time associated with the Universal Peace Union in Philadelphia and an ardent promoter of arbitration."
  22. "Umfrid was chairman of the Stuttgart Peace Society and vice-president of the German Peace Society. He worked hard to change the attitude of the German evangelical clergy towards peace. He wrote and published numerous articles on peace. His major work was Europa den Europäern: Politische Ketzereien."
  23. "Descamps was nominated for his inter-parliamentary peace work. President of the sixth Inter-Parliamentary Peace Conference in Brussels in 1895, and Belgian delegate to the peace conference at The Hague in 1899. He was elected Secretary General of the Institute of International Law in 1900. Descamps wrote significant works on neutrality and disarmament, and he also contributed to the abolitionist movement. The Institute of International Law was nominated for its work to draft the first international arbitration regulations, and for its efforts to establish a codification of the laws of war."
  24. "Umano was nominated for his writings on peace. He had written extensively on such subjects as war and peace, patriotism, and he had also constructed a 'law on patriotism'."
  25. "Ferrero had given numerous lectures on militarism in Milan, and the lectures had been received with great acclaim by the people in Milan."
  26. "Bajer promoted Nordic neutrality and brotherhood. He was one of the initiators and founders of the Permanent International Peace Bureau, and was the first president of the Peace Bureau. He was also member of the council of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, and organized peace work both in Denmark and internationally, both popular peace movements and parliamentary peace work. He was Scandinavia's most prominent peace advocate."
  27. "Arnoldson was nominated for his book Seklernas hopp about peace, the peace movement and peace workers. He was one of the founders of the Swedish Peace and Arbitration Society, and he carried on a vigorous campaign for arbitration in his writings. Arnoldson produced substantial works on religion and peace."
  28. "Moneta became active in the peace movement in 1870. In 1878 he helped establish the League of Liberty, Brotherhood and Peace in Milan. In 1887 he helped to found the Society for International Peace and Justice, and the Lombard Union for International Peace and Understanding, of which he became president. Moneta regularly attended international peace congresses, and from 1895 onwards he was a member of the Permanent International Peace Bureau. He actively worked to establish better understanding between countries on the verge of conflict, especially through arbitration. He was also editor of the journal La Vita Internazionale."
  29. "Nomination based on Buonfanti's pamphlet L'Avvenire."
  30. "Schleyer had constructed the artificial language Volapük (1880)."
  31. "Polo was nominated for his work La paix par l'union des peuples."
  32. "Marcoartu was nominated for being the real originator of the Inter-Parliamentary conferences, and for promoting peace and arbitration."
  33. "Gohier was editor of the journal Soleil. He supported Dreyfus in the Dreyfus Affair, and he promoted exoneration of Captain Dreyfus."
  34. "Lowther contributed to the drafting of the arbitration agreement between Argentina and Chile."
  35. "Barrington and Lowther was nominated for their contribution to the disarmament and arbitration treaties between Chile and Argentina."
  36. "Adler was nominated for his writings on war and peace, including the pamphlet Der Krieg, die Kongressidee und die allgemeine Wehrpflicht (1868)."
  37. "Korwin-Dzbanski was nominated for his writings on war and peace."
  38. "Lund was a pioneer in Norwegian inter-parliamentary peace work, and he represented Norway at several international peace conferences. He was a member of the Norwegian Nobel Committee 1897-1913."
  39. "Love was president of the Universal Peace Union in Philadelphia (1866-1913). He founded and edited the magazine Peacemaker and Court of Arbitration and he organized peace meetings. Vice-president of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society."
  40. "Pratt was nominated for his effort to promote peace and arbitration. He contributed to the founding of the Permanent International Peace Bureau in 1891 and he was a member of its commission (until 1904). He founded and presided over the International Arbitration and Peace Association."
  41. "Peckover founded the Wisbech Local Peace Association. She was editor and publisher of the journal Peace and Goodwill and supported peace work in and outside of Great Britain, especially in the Nordic countries."
  42. "Renault was nominated for his work to promote international law. He contributed greatly in establishing the field as a respected academic discipline, and published several major works together with his colleague Lyon-Caen. He represented France at numerous international conferences, and he was considered an important factor to the success of the Peace Conference at The Hague in 1899."
  43. "D'Estournelles represented France at The Hague Peace Conference in 1899. He attempted to get acceptance for the principle of compulsory arbitration, but this was not possible. After the conference he strongly promoted the Permanent Court of Arbitration, and he founded the French Groupe de l'Arbitrage in 1903. D'Estournelles advocated Franco-German conciliation and wanted a European federation. In 1905 he founded Conciliation Internationale, a network of peace workers aimed at influencing public opinion. At the second conference at The Hague in 1907, d'Estournelles continued his work to strengthen international arbitration."
  44. "Bion founded holiday camps (Ferienkolonien) for less fortunate children (emphasis on physical and moral training)."
  45. "Pierantoni was nominated for his considerable contribution to the development of international law and arbitration."
  46. "Author of the book De la paix, du desarmement, et de la solution du probleme social."
  47. "Darby was secretary of the English Peace Society. He wrote and published literature on peace, international law and arbitration, and he attended several peace congresses."
  48. "Hersant was the author of the book Temple de la paix."
  49. "Khan attended the peace conference at The Hague in 1899 (leader of the Persian delegation)."
  50. "Smet de Naeyer was nominated for his efforts to accomplish an international agreement concerning the sugar industry."
  51. "Barclay promoted arbitration, conciliation and international law. He was president of the British Chamber of Commerce 1899-1900. Barclay was a member of the Institute of International Law and deputy Chairman of the International Law Association. He worked to improve the relations between European countries in order to prevent war and to secure peace."
  52. "Bartholdt founded the American group of the Inter-Parliamentary Union in 1904. He was president of the Inter-Parliamentary Council and he promoted international law and arbitration. He initiated the second peace conference at The Hague (1907). Bartholdt was considered to be the most significant person in the American peace movement."
  53. "Roosevelt mediated in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-05). His efforts led to the peace treaty of 1905. He made use of the Permanent Court of Arbitration on several occasions."
  54. "Branting promoted peace and anti-militarism. He contributed to the peaceful dissolution of the Swedish-Norwegian Union in 1905 and worked to establish good relations between the two countries. He was one of the foremost members of the international social democratic movement and he exercised great influence on its peace work."
  55. "Hay took part in the Paris peace negotiations to end the Spanish-American War (1898). He is known for the Open Door policy towards China, and he negotiated the treaty that gave the US the right to build the Panama Canal. He promoted international arbitration, and he contributed to the success of both the Inter-Parliamentary Union and of the peace conference at The Hague in 1899."
  56. "Westlake was one of the founders of the Institute of International Law. He promoted social reforms and woman suffrage."
  57. "Nys promoted international law and arbitration. He was a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague and of the Permanent International Peace Bureau. Nys was the author of Le droit international and other works on international law and politics."
  58. "Wavrinsky was nominated for his contribution to the peaceful dissolution of the Swedish-Norwegian Union in 1905. He was chairman of the Swedish Peace and Arbitration League, and he contributed to the founding of the Swedish Inter-Parliamentary Group. During World War I he supported Wilson's plans for a League of Nations, but he emphasized the importance of a democratic and parliamentary basis for such a league."
  59. "Strawson had discovered 'the true nature of money'."
  60. "Promoted international law and arbitration. Author of the book Die Fortbildung des Verfahrens in völkerrechtl. Streitigkeiten."
  61. "Zamenhof invented Esperanto, the most important of the international artificial languages."
  62. "Bourgeois headed the French delegation to The Hague Peace Conferences in 1899 and 1907, where he promoted cooperation among nations. Member of the peace group of the French parliament. He was a member of the Permanent Court of Justice at the Hague from 1903. Bourgeois was among the initiators of the League of Nations and was appointed France's representative to the League in 1919, where he was elected president of the council. Bourgeois was an ardent spokesman for disarmament, international law and obligatory arbitration."
  63. "Luzzatti emphasized the importance of social reforms and cooperation to secure social and political peace. Promoted international law and economic cooperation."
  64. "Smiley initiated the Lake Mohonk Conferences on International Arbitration."
  65. "Carnegie was nominated for his large donations to the peace movement (to hasten the abolition of war). He was chairman of the Peace Association in New York and initiator of the first national peace gathering in 1907. Carnegie had donated money to build three international 'temples of peace', including the Palace of Peace at The Hague. He advocated arbitration and international peace work, and he wrote a number of articles on peace. Carnegie was also president of the Peace Society of New York. He founded 'The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace' in 1910."
  66. "Francis Joseph had been Emperor for 60 years."
  67. "Altamira y Crevea was nominated for his important contribution to international law, especially his extensive authorship on international law. He aimed to introduce internationalistic and humanitarian reforms in his work as a history professor. In 1919 he became member of the committee that drafted the statutes of the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague, of which he was member 1922-29 and 1930-37."
  68. "Beernaert promoted international arbitration and disarmament. He was Belgium's representative at the Hague conferences in 1899 and 1907, where he advocated compulsory arbitration. Beernaert was very active in the work of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, and was president of its council in 1909."
  69. "Fried founded the journal Die Waffen Nieder in 1891, and he established the German Peace Society (Deutsche Friedensgesellschaft) in 1892. He also published Monatliche Friedenskorrespondenz and edited Die Friedenswarte. Fried promoted international law, pacifism and disarmament, and he worked closely with Bertha von Suttner. He is the author of the books Pan-Amerika and Der Kaiser und der Weltfrieden."
  70. "Root was co-founder and president of 'American Society of International Law' (1906). He persuaded Latin-American states to participate at the Second Hague Peace Conference (1907), and he also concluded treaties of arbitration with more than 20 nations. He settled the controversy between the USA and Great Britain over the North Atlantic coast fisheries."
  71. "Frost was the author of the book Safeguards of Peace."
  72. "Robert was the creator of the fresco paintings in the museum in Neuchatel in Switzerland."
  73. "Tobar was nominated for the Tobar doctrine. Its aim was to reduce the threat of revolution and civil war in the Inter-American system by emphasizing the need for all governments to support the establishment of constitutionalism and democracy."
  74. "Fiore promoted international law and arbitration. He wrote extensively on peace and international law."
  75. "Mérignhac attended all peace conferences held in France the last decade. He founded and presided over 'Société de la Paix par le Droit' and initiated the first national congress for French peace associations in Toulouse in 1903. He is the author of several works on international law and arbitration."
  76. "Jordan was a well-known natural scientist. Inspired by social-darwinism, he considered war to be the greatest threat to the human race in that it caused a "reversal of selection". He therefore advocated peace and pacifism. Jordan was a member of commissions on US-Canadian relations (1896-1911). He presided over the World Peace Foundation (1909-1911), and served as an unofficial consultant for the US-Mexican commission that tried to solve the dispute between the two (1916). Jordan was vice-president of the World Peace Conference at The Hague in 1913 and for a similar congress in San Francisco (1915). He also served as vice-president or executive member of several peace organizations, and he was a well-known lecturer both in the USA and abroad. Among his major works were The Blood of the Nation (1902), The Human Harvest (1907), War and Waste (1913), Annexation and Conquest (1916)."
  77. "La Fontaine was considered a true internationalist. He was president of the Commission of the Permanent International Peace Bureau and Secretary General for the Belgian Peace and Arbitration League. He also participated in the activities of the Inter-Parlimentary Union. Together with Paul Otlet he founded in 1907 the Union of International Associations."
  78. "Prince Alphonse had founded and actively promoted The International League against Duelling."
  79. "Duras was nominated for his book Universal Peace."
  80. "Nominated for his efforts to prevent the Serbian-Austrian conflict in 1909 from turning into war. Proponent of international law and arbitration."
  81. "Lord Weardale promoted arbitration, disarmament and inter-parliamentary peace work."
  82. "Nominated for her efforts to end the conflict between Argentina and Chile."
  83. "Münter was nominated for his pamphlet Die reale Lösung der sozialen Frage."
  84. "Tyszkiewics was the founder and president of the Kyiv Peace Association."
  85. "Asser initiated the Conferences on International Private Law (Conférences de Droit international privé) at The Hague. He contributed to the founding of the Institute of International Law (Vice President 1875-1879, member of the Council 1902-1904 and Honorary member 1906) and he was a proponent of international law and arbitration."
  86. "Mott was nominated for his work in international ecclesiastical and missionary movements for more than 50 years, promoting goodwill, international understanding and cooperation as the foundation of lasting peace. He contributed to the establishment of the modern ecumenical movement, and also the formation of the World Council of Churches."
  87. "Nominated for his efforts to secure Brazil's borders through several boundary settlements and for his efforts to solve the conflicts between Brazil and its neighbouring countries. He also participated in the Brazilian abolitionist movement and he was directly engaged in 27 arbitration treaties."
  88. "Witte was the first constitutional prime minister of the Russian Empire 1905-06."
  89. "Moch worked as a pacifist journalist in Indépendance belge and other newspapers, and he attended most of the international peace conferences from 1897 onwards. He organized and presided over the 11th congress in Monaco 1902 and he became Chairman of the newly founded Institut international de la Paix in 1903(-1906). Moch promoted the international language Esperanto and founded an Esperanto Peace Association in 1905."
  90. "Moscheles had been working for peace since he became a member of the Peace Association in 1878. Member of the Committee of the International Arbitration and Peace Association in 1880 and executive chairman of the Association from 1897. Promoted peace, international arbitration and pacifism."
  91. "Zorn advocated international law and arbitration. Member of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Represented Germany in a committee that discussed the establishment of an international court of arbitration."
  92. "Arnaud promoted international law, arbitration and pacifism both in France and in the international peace movement. President of 'Ligue de la Paix et de la Liberté' and editor-in-chief of the journal Les Etats Unis d'Europe from 1891. Vice-president of the French delegation to several international peace conferences initiated by the International Peace Bureau."
  93. "Apponyi promoted inter-parliamentary peace work and international arbitration. Delegate to all inter-parliamentary peace conferences since 1895 (except Brussels 1897). He initiated a proposal intended to make compulsory the establishment of pressure groups working for peace by the national inter-parliamentary groups. Apponyi had founded such a group in Hungary. He represented Hungary in the Council of the League of Nations in 1925, and was an advocate for disarmament."
  94. "Förster was nominated for his significant contribution to the German peace movement in the period between the two world wars. Förster promoted ethics, peace and international arbitration. He worked to improve the relations between France and Germany. Förster represented the pedagogic school of the peace movement. He was not motivated by political sentiments, but by his religious understanding and perception of ethics. He was a proponent of anti-militarism, being a champion for peace by writing books and holding lectures on the topic, even in the warmongering state of Nazi Germany."
  95. "Angell advocated peace, pacifism and international understanding. He had written The Great Illusion (1910), in which he claimed that it was an illusion that war could be profitable to a nation, and he maintained that this illusion was going to lead Europe into a state of war. Angell also wrote America and The New World-State (1912), The World's Highway (1916) and several other works. The Unseen Assassins (1932) described nationalism as the greatest threat to world peace."
  96. "Richet was an executive member of both the Permanent International Peace Bureau and the Inter-Parliamentary Union."
  97. "Internoscia was the author of New Code of International Law."
  98. "Kovalevsky produced a number of scientific works on legal history. Promoted peace, humanity and democracy. He initiated and presided over the St.Petersburg Peace Association."
  99. "Rade was nominated for his efforts to end German nationalistic conflicts. Founder and editor of the magazine Die Christliche Welt."
  100. "Ruyssen was president of 'La Paix par le Droit', the most prominent French peace association, and he was editor of the association's journal. He was an executive member of both the International Peace Bureau and 'Ligue des Droits de l'Homme'. Ruyssen promoted peace and disarmament, and he was secretary general of 'Union des Associations pour la Société des Nations' (The Union of Associations of the League of Nations). He had been an important part of the international peace movement for more than 40 years."
  101. "Known as the German peace movement's wandering speaker. From 1892 he traveled around Europe and gave speeches on peace. As a result of his lecture tours, several local peace associations were established."
  102. "Fusinato promoted international law and arbitration. Italian delegate to several international peace conferences. At the Second Hague Peace Conference he was elected president of the committee that worked to establish procedures for the Permanent Court of Arbitration. He became a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague and he contributed to many arbitration treaties. Member of the Italian Inter-Parliamentary Group."
  103. "Herbert is the author of the book The Defence of Plevna."
  104. "Edwin Mead promoted international justice and peace. Mead and Edwin Ginn successfully managed to open a free peace academy in Boston (The International School of Peace). Mead continued to publish and distribute literature on peace. He also wrote about and lectured on the topic and in 1909 he became Director of the World Peace Foundation. Attended several international peace conferences."
  105. "Lucia Mead rendered Edwin Mead great assistance in his peace work both through speeches and writings, and she attended most of the conferences and congresses her husband participated in. She was also a peace worker in her own right. President of the peace and arbitration department of the National Women Suffrage Association, vice-president of the American Peace Society and member of the Council of the World Peace Foundation."
  106. "Taft promoted international law and arbitration. He initiated arbitration treaties between the US and Great Britain and France, but despite his efforts these were not concluded. Advocated peace and cooperation during his presidency(1909-1913)."
  107. "Trueblood was secretary of the US Peace Society. Editor of the periodical The Advocate of Peace. He wrote The Federation of the World and he translated Kant's Zum ewigen Frieden into English. Trueblood attended most international peace conferences and was a member of the Commission of the Peace Bureau. He organized two peace congresses held in the USA (Chicago 1893 and Boston 1904) and was a member of the International Law Association."
  108. "Gram was a recognized scholar of international law and he often attended international arbitration courts. He was honorary member of the Institute of International Law."
  109. "Sundblad had actively worked for peace since 1885 when he founded a local peace association in Sweden. Between 1887 and 1894 he raised money to support the newly founded Swedish Peace and Arbitration League. He was chairman of the council of this league 1887-1896. Sundblad published the journal Ned med Vapnen 1893-1897 and from 1897 he edited and published the journal Fredsfanan. He advocated peace and co-operation."
  110. "Masaryk promoted humanism, ethics, and pacifism. As a Czechoslovakian nationalist he fought to defend the Slav peoples against Austrian-Hungarian imperialism. He successfully acted as mediator between Austria-Hungary and Serbia in 1912. During World War I Masaryk advocated democratic rights and human liberation. He was the chief founder and first president of Czechoslovakia."
  111. "Lange served as secretary to the Norwegian Nobel Committee from 1901 to 1909, and he played an important role in the founding and development of the Norwegian Nobel Institute that opened in 1905. He advocated peace and disarmament and he attended several international peace conferences. Lange was secretary general of the Inter-Parliamentary Union from 1909 to 1933. During WWI he moved the office of the Inter-Parliamentary Union to Oslo, in order to continue and preserve the work of the Union and to protect its records from possible wartime destruction."
  112. "Quidde joined the German Peace Society in 1892 (chairman 1914-1929), and in 1894 he founded a peace association in Munich. He was a prominent advocate of peace and pacifism. From 1907 to 1919 Quidde was a liberal member of the Bavarian parliament and member of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. In 1919 he joined the Democratic Party and from 1919 to 1920 he served as a member of the National Assembly. He denounced the German war-guilt clause of the Versailles Treaty and he opposed the revival of German militarism. He was chairman of the German Peace Cartel 1921-29. Quidde advocated German admittance to the League of Nations."
  113. "Drago initiated the Drago Doctrine that opposed forcible collection of debts in any South American republic through military intervention. He promoted peace, international cooperation and arbitration. Drago was a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague."
  114. "Cheshikhin drafted the new international language 'Reform Esperanto' ("Nepo")."
  115. "Giretti was chairman of the peace association Torre Pellice and member of the Commission of the Permanent International Peace Bureau."
  116. "Boyle was the author of History of Peace and other writings."
  117. "Ihlen and Wallenberg were nominated for the Swedish-Norwegian declaration of neutrality and for the mutual agreement that neither Norway nor Sweden would adopt hostile resolutions towards each other in case of a European war."
  118. "Ihlen and Wallenberg were nominated for the Swedish-Norwegian declaration of neutrality and for the mutual agreement that neither Norway nor Sweden would adopt hostile resolutions towards each other in case of a European war."
  119. "Ross was the author of the book The great evolution and end of war."
  120. "Lammasch promoted international law and arbitration. He became associated with the Institute of International Law in 1887, and a member in 1891. He played an important role at international conferences and meetings and he was member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague. Lammasch presided over the Court in the conflicts between the USA and Great Britain over the fishery in New Foundland (1909), and between the USA and Venezuela over the rights of the Orinoco Steamship Company (1910). He became a lifelong member of the Austrian First Chamber in 1899 and Hon. member of the Vienna Academic Peace Association. Member of the Central Organization for a Durable Peace (founded in 1915) and Hon. President of the Austrian peace association 'Para Pacem'. After 1916 Lammasch continued to produce works on peace, international law and arbitration, despite deteriorating health. In 1918, he presented a draft covenant for the League of Nations."
  121. "The Pope was nominated for his peace efforts and his work to ensure that prisoners of war were treated humanely."
  122. "Albert I was nominated for his national sacrifice in order to uphold the idea of international law after the outbreak of war in 1914."
  123. "Polak was Chairman of the Polish Association of Friends of Peace."
  124. "Addams was the co-founder and president of the Women's Peace Party (1915). In 1915 she attended the Women's Peace Conference at The Hague, and she was elected president of the International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace. After the conference Addams and several of the delegates went on a peace mission to the European political leaders and to the American president. Addams was elected president of the newly formed Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) at the second Women's Peace Conference in 1919. She presided over the 4th regular peace conference held by the WILPF in Washington in 1924. It adopted a manifesto stating that civilization can only be rebuilt on international justice, renouncing the Treaty of Versailles. It furthermore demanded democratic control over foreign policy, social peace and a stronger international organization."
  125. "Ahlberg was the editor of the Ido periodical "Mondo" (Ido is an artificial language constructed by the French logician and Esperantist Louis de Beaufront)."
  126. "Scherrer-Füllemann was among the foremost members of Swiss political life. He represented Sankt Gallen canton in the Swiss parliament for several years, and he was one of the most conductive personalities of the democratic party. President of the Swiss Inter-Parliamentary Group, which he represented at the Inter-Parliamentary Council. In August 1914, he contributed to the founding of the Swiss Committee for the Study of Lasting Peace, of which he became Chairman when Otfried Nippold resigned. Executive member of the Central Organization for a Durable Peace. Advocate of peace, legal internationalism and humanism."
  127. "Scott was secretary of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (1911-1940) and director of its Division of International Law. He worked for the US conscription service during WWI, and he was one of the organizers of the US Foreign Policy Conference in New York in 1917. Scott was editor-in-chief of the American Journal of International Law, and he was the author of The Status of the International Court of Justice (1914). He advocated and strongly favored the establishment of an international court of justice."
  128. "Schwimmer initiated the Ford Neutral Conference in 1915, and she was one of the founding members of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (1919). She started peace missions to both neutral and belligerent countries (adopted by the peace conference). She committed the last part of her life to the movement to create a federal world government."
  129. "Wilson advocated international law and arbitration. In January 1917 he had made an unsuccessful attempt to persuade the belligerents to end the war, calling for a 'peace without victory'. After the USA had entered the war, Wilson outlined his view on a post-war settlement through his 'Fourteen points'. These became the guiding principles for the Paris Peace Conference (1919-20), and included the establishment of the League of Nations. However, Wilson failed to obtain ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, and the USA did not join the League of Nations."
  130. "Sandstøl was member of Stavanger Peace Association. He is an author of several works on war and peace."
  131. "Schücking promoted international law and arbitration. He had been associated with the Institute of International Law since 1910. After WWI Schücking became a leading member of the 'Deutsche Liga für den Völkervorbund' and he worked primarily on a draft of a covenant for the League of Nations. He was a member of the German delegation to the Versailles peace negotiations. In 1919 Schücking initiated the founding of a new German Inter-Parliamentary Group, over which he presided. He was also a member of the Council of the Inter-Parliamentary Union."
  132. "Gasparri wrote the papal peace plan and encouraged people to strive for peace through the papal guidelines for peace and understanding."
  133. "De Jong was one of the foremost peace workers of his time. He was co-founder of the 'Nederlandsche Anti-Oorlog-Raad', where he was a member of the executive council. He was editor of the influential publication Nouvelles de Hollande and he published numerous works on peace. He initiated international study conferences at The Hague (1915) and Bern (1917), conferences aimed at formulating the principles for a lasting peace. In 1917 he resigned from his position in the Dutch Ministry of Justice in order to dedicate his time to the peace cause. He moved to Bern, where he administered the information office 'Pax'. Proponent of peace, arbitration and pacifism."
  134. "Mercier was among the foremost leaders in the revival of the philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas. During the war (1914-1918) his stand against the Germans when they burned the Louvain Library and deported workmen made him an international spokesman for the Belgians."
  135. "Horst represented the Norwegian parliament at the first Inter-Parliamentary Peace Conference in 1890. He was chairman of the Norwegian Peace Association and a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague."
  136. "Périnet was the founder of Ligues de bonté."
  137. "Hoover was the chief Allied relief administrator during World War I (1914-1919) and later chairman of the Commission for Relief in Belgium. He was appointed national food administrator to stimulate production and conserve supplies when the USA entered into the war."
  138. "Nansen was nominated for his humanitarian work after World War I. He organized programs for the repatriation of prisoners of war from Russia and Siberia. The Soviet government did not recognize the League of Nations, but it was willing to work with Nansen. He initiated the Nansen Passport for Refugees, and he was Norwegian delegate to the League of Nations. The League appointed him High Commissioner for Refugees in 1921. The same year the Red Cross asked him to organize a relief program to famine-stricken Russia. The League of Nations turned down his request for financial assistance, because strong anti-bolshevik feelings in the League made its approval impossible. Nansen had to organize relief to Russia outside the League, but he received assistance from Herbert Hoover's American Relief Administration, the Society of Friends and others."
  139. "Grey was nominated for his efforts to prevent World War I. He was responsible for the Treaty of London (1915) by which Italy joined the Allies, and he tried to obtain US support for the Allies. In 1919 he went to the US in an attempt to secure US entry into the League of Nations."
  140. "President Harding had initiated the Washington Conference on Limitation of Armaments. The treaties on disarmament at sea adopted by the conference were later ratified by the US Senate."
  141. "Keynes was one of the most distinctive British economists. During World War I he served as a consultant in the British Treasury. Keynes accompanied Lloyd George to the Paris Peace Conference as an economic advisor. He opposed the Allied reparations policy, and he advocated a more liberal attitude towards the size and amount of the economic sanctions imposed on Germany. He criticized the Versailles Treaty in The Economic Consequences of the Peace (1919-1920)."
  142. "Nitti was nominated for the foreign policy he conducted while he was Prime Minister of Italy. He regarded Europe as one unit depending on the equality of each country. Nitti criticized the Versailles Treaty and the ongoing rearmement in the books Europa senza pace and Decandenza dell' Europa. He presided over the Conference of the Allied Forces in San Remo, where he advocated a policy of appeasement towards Austria and protested against the imperialistic policy of Lord Curzon. Nitti attempted to guide the American opinion through his articles in United Press of America and the nominators thought this was the reason why the US Senate in November 1922 was willing to discuss the questions of compensation and the Entente policy."
  143. "Brändström worked as delegate, advisor and co-organizer for the Swedish Red Cross. She traveled extensively throughout Russia and contributed greatly to the relief work for prisoners of war in Russia and Siberia (1914-1920). She visited prison camps, escorted prisoners home, and she organized the repatriation of German and Austrian prisoners after the war."
  144. "Hughes was nominated for his work as Secretary of State during Warren Harding's presidency. The latter initiated the Washington Conference on Limitation of Armaments, over which Hughes presided. The treaties on disarmament at sea adopted by the conference were later ratified by the US Congress. In 1923 Hughes initiated a policy that led to the Dawes Commission, and he advocated US entry to the Permanent International Court of Arbitration. Hughes was president of the 'American Bar Association' and he had been member of the US Supreme Court (1910-1916)."
  145. "Hymans represented Belgium at the Paris Peace Conference after World War I, and he contributed to the drafting of the Covenant of the League of Nations. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs 1918-1920 and he presided over the first assembly of the League of Nations in 1920."
  146. "Lindhagen actively worked for a joint Scandinavian effort to promote civil law, and he also advocated disarmament and co-operation based on international law. He was a prominent member of the radical peace movement, and in 1932 he initiated a 'People's Parliament'. Its aim was to advocate disarmament issues. Lindhagen was one of legal advisor to the Alfred Nobel estate; in effect he became an associate executor. He also drafted the Nobel Foundation Charter in 1899. Lindhagen was on the short list, but no new evaluation was requested."
  147. "Lord Cecil was one of the principal drafters of the League of Nations Covenant (1919). He contributed greatly to the establishment of the League's institutions and he took a leading role in its activities. Already in 1916 he had begun to draw up an international peacekeeping agreement, and in 1919, when he attended the Paris Peace Conference, his ideas proved generally compatible with those of President Woodrow Wilson. Lord Cecil was also chairman of the 'League of Nations Union' and he used it to raise British public opinion in favour of the League. He was member of the Council of the League of Nations and he contributed to the peaceful settlement of the conflict between Greece and Italy."
  148. "Ferrière was the founder and leader of 'Agence internationale de secours et de renseignement en faveur des prisonniers de guerre', an intelligence agency established by the International Red Cross. Its aim was to locate and repatriate prisoners of war. From 1919 to 1921 Ferrière aided the Austrian-Hungarian population."
  149. "Adelswärd was chairman of the Swedish Inter-Parliamentary Group, and he was president of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (1922-1928). He advocated democracy, peace and international cooperation."
  150. "Rolin-Jacquemyns was the founder and Secretary General (1906-1923) of the Institute of International Law. He was managing director of the juridical library at the Peace Palace in Geneva 1913-1923. Rolin was member of several commissions and associations, and Secretary General of the Academy of International Law at The Hague. His major scientific work was The International Private Law (1899)."
  151. "Weiss was nominated for his contribution to the development of international law, mainly through his extensive scientific writings on international civil law. He promoted mediation, a permanent international court of arbitration and sanctions in order to observe the rules of international law. Weiss was member of several juridical associations, including Institut de France, Institut de Droit International, and the International Court of Arbitration at The Hague."
  152. "Debs was a successful trade union leader. He converted from Democratic Populist to Socialist in 1897. In 1898 he was one of the founders of the Socialist Party of America (the name was adopted in 1900). Debs started to work actively for peace during World War I, mainly because he considered the war to be in the interest of capitalism. He was the Socialist Party's candidate for the US presidency five times between 1900 and 1920."
  153. "Morel was nominated firstly for his work to protect indigenous African people during European imperialism and colonization, and secondly for his efforts to prevent an open conflict between Germany and France over colonial matters. Morel had become familiar with African geography, history, and commercial affairs while working as a clerk for a shipping company trading in West Africa. He brought this knowledge into the fields of journalism and committee work. On several occasions Morel criticized European administrations in Africa, and he led the British opposition to the Belgian misruling in Congo. Morel organized The Congo Reform Association in 1904, of which he became Secretary. The main objective for Morel was to prevent future disputes and wars by improving the relations between Europeans and other peoples. Morel was a proponent of pacifism and internationalism, and Secretary of The Union of Democratic Control. He was an influential representative of the Labour Party in the British parliament."
  154. "Mendes was the leader of 'Eglis positiviste' in Brazil."
  155. "Aga Khan supported the Allied cause when war broke out in 1914, but at the Paris Peace Conference he urged for lenient treatment of Turkey."
  156. "Fauchille was the editor of Revue Générale du Droit international Public (founded by Fauchille and Pillet in 1894), through which he contributed to the development of international law. Author of the four-volume work Traité de Droit International Public. In 1921 Fauchille, de Lapradelle and A. Alvarez founded 'Institut des Hautes Etudes Internationales', a postgraduate college aimed at teaching international law and developing friendly relations between students of different nationalities."
  157. "Prince Carl was nominated for his work as President of the Swedish Red Cross, which was one of the largest and best organized of the national divisions of the International Red Cross. His work for prisoners of war and refugees was especially mentioned."
  158. "Morgan was nominated for his efforts to disarm Germany 1919-1923, and for his plans for disarmament after the World War II."
  159. "Buisson attended several peace conferences, including the Geneva Conference in 1867 that had great influence on the development of the idea of peace. He promoted reconciliation and rapprochement between peoples, a matter of great importance considering the strained relationship between France and Germany. Buisson was founder and president of the League of Human Rights (Ligue des Droits de l'Homme)."
  160. "MacDonald joined the Labour Party in 1894 and he gradually became a well known political writer. Socialism was the subject of most of his books, but he did not encourage revolution. In 1911 he became parliamentary leader of the Labour Party, and in 1924 he became the first Labour prime minister. MacDonald presided over the negotiations on US Secretary of State Dawes' Plan for the payment of German war reparations 1924. He was also instrumental in the process that resulted in the Geneva Protocol on collective security, disarmament and compulsory arbitration."
  161. "Henri-Demont founded the organization 'Pour supprimer ce crime: la Guerre', that worked for a perfection of the judicial aspects of the League of Nations. It wanted the Permanent Court of International Justice to elaborate a 'Law of the Nations' and a global constitution. The nominators emphasized Henri-Demont's lifelong effort in promoting this project."
  162. "Chamberlain was nominated with Aristide Briad for their efforts to conclude the Locarno Pact in 1925. The Locarno Pact sought to normalize relations between Germany and its former enemies. It intended to secure peace in western Europe by eliminating the possibility of border disputes involving Germany, whereby Germany, France, Belgium, Great Britain and Italy mutually guaranteed peace in western Europe. Advocates of reconciliation, arbitration and negotiation."
  163. "Dawes was author of the "Dawes Plan" to manage German reparations payments after World War I. The Dawes Plan provided for a reorganization of German finances with the assistance of loans from U.S. investors, and it was drafted by the Allied Reparation Commission led by Charles G. Dawes."
  164. "Briand was nominated for his plan to create a European Union. The plan was first presented in the League of Nations in 1929, and in 1930 the French government put forth a memorandum on the issue. The League then decided to establish a study commission on the subject with Briand as its chairman."
  165. "Stresemann was nominated for being largely responsible for restoring the international status of Germany after World War I, and for his contribution to the Locarno Pact in 1925. Advocate of reconciliation and arbitration. Luther became Minister of Finance under Gustav Stresemann in 1923, and he successfully stabilized the inflated national currency. He continued as Minister of Finance in the next government, and he participated in negotiating the Dawes Plan in 1924."
  166. "Archbishop Söderblom advocated peace, pacifism, brotherhood and religious understanding through his work as leader of the ecumenical movement. He wanted to unite religious communities of different nationalities, in order to further international understanding through church unity. Söderblom organized and presided over the first Universal Christian Conference on Life and Work in Stockholm in 1925."
  167. "Chirinos was nominated for his authorship on peace."
  168. "Luther became Minister of Finance under Gustav Stresemann in 1923, and he successfully stabilized the inflated national currency. He continued as Minister of Finance in the next government, and he participated in negotiating the Dawes Plan in 1924."
  169. "Shibusawa was involved in almost every enterprise associated with Japanese industrial development. He worked to improve the relations between the USA and Japan concerning the legal status of Japanese workers in California. He retired in 1916 to devote himself to charity."
  170. "Politis promoted peace, disarmament and international law through his scientific authorship. He became Greek Foreign Minister in 1916, he attended the Paris Peace Conference in 1919. He represented Greece in the League of Nations, where he contributed to the drafting of the Geneva Protocol in 1924."
  171. "Benes advocated peace, justice and international law in the League of Nations while serving as Czechoslovakian Foreign Minister, and he continued to promote peace when he became president of Czechoslovakia."
  172. "Motta was the chief Swiss delegate to the League of Nations from 1920. He became Honorary President of the first League assembly (1920) and President of the fifth assembly (1924). Protector of Swiss neutrality and advocate of international law and arbitration."
  173. "Shotwell had worked for peace since he began working for the Carnegie Endowment. His major contribution was to edit the 150-volume Economic and Social History of the World Wars, aimed at elucidating the economic effects of modern war. He served as an adviser to President Wilson in 1917, mainly on the political and historical aspects of potential postwar problems and he was a delegate to the Versailles Peace Conference. He contributed to the Geneva Protocol and to the Briand-Kellogg Pact."
  174. "Huber attended the second Hague Peace Conference in 1907 and he acted as legal advisor to the Swiss foreign minister 1918-1922. He represented Switzerland in the post-war negotiations with the Allied Powers and he was member of the Swiss delegation to the League of Nations 1920-1921. Huber was president of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague 1925-1927. He advocated international law and arbitration."
  175. "Undén was a delegate to the League of Nations 1921-1926 and he was member of the Council of the League 1924-1926. Advocate of Swedish neutrality. Undén was nominated for his efforts to settle the controversies over the expansion of the Council of the League of Nations in 1926. The problem arose when Germany sought a permanent seat on the council, an important matter to the German delegation during the Locarno negotiations. This was opposed by some countries in Europe, Latin America and Asia, unless permanent seats on the Council were granted other states as well. Undén and the Swedish delegation were willing to sacrifice Swedish representation on the Council in order to prevent an expansion beyond the German seat, a policy that solved the problem."
  176. "Baden-Powell founded the Boy Scouts movement in 1907 and he organized the movement internationally. He and his sister Agnes founded the Girl Guides in 1910 (in the US Girls Scouts from 1912). In 1916 Baden-Powell organized the Wolf Cubs in Great Britain (Cub Scouts in the US) for boys under the age of 11. The nominators emphasized the brotherly mentality and the non-militaristic character of the movement."
  177. "Kellogg was nominated for his contribution to the Briand-Kellogg Pact. The pact condemned the use of war as a solution of international conflicts."
  178. "Christensen advocated peace, justice and natural law through his authorship."
  179. "Herzog had written a book called La nouvelle mort de siècle civilisé."
  180. "Loder was former President of the Permanent Court of International Justice (Cour de justice international) at The Hague. He was one of the leaders of the International Law Association."
  181. "Levinson originated and publicized the "outlawry of war" movement in the United States, and in 1918 he argued that violence committed by nation-states ought to be declared illegal. He assisted in drafting the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928. It condemned war as a tool of national diplomacy."
  182. "Hanssen was nominated for his sensible policy while leading the Danish minority in Schleswig during the stipulation of the new border between Denmark and Germany. In order to prevent future Danish-German conflicts over the boundary line, Hanssen exercised great moderation and caution."
  183. "Herriot was the leader of the French Radical Party from 1919, and he was Prime Minister 1924-1925 and 1926. He was nominated for his contribution to the Geneva Protocol during the assemblies of the League of Nations 1924-1925. Proponent of disarmament, international law and arbitration."
  184. "Roos initiated a movement that wanted to establish the right to financial support if war broke out. He argued that a country unlawfully attacked should receive financial aid to make it able to defend itself. Roos stated that, if necessary, the attacked country should also receive military support from the other nations. He wanted this to be a part of the conventions of the League of Nations."
  185. "Butler advocated peace, international cooperation and arbitration. He supported the Briand-Kellogg Pact, and he promoted international understanding. Butler also assisted in the establishment of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, of which he was a trustee and later president (1925-45)."
  186. "Albert Schweitzer was nominated for his humanitarian work on a religious basis. Originally a student of theology and philosophy, he entered medical school in 1905 in order to qualify as a mission doctor in Gabon, at the time part of French Equatorial Africa. In 1913 he arrived at Lambaréné where he and his wife set up a hospital. He spent most of his life at Lambaréné, although he was still preoccupied with philosophical problems. His most significant contribution in this respect was the book The Philosophy of Civilization (1923), in which he developed the concept 'reverence for life' as a universal principle of ethics. He also made efforts to promote Franco-German reconciliaton."
  187. "Deiszmann was nominated as representatives of ecclesiastical organisations working for peace and social levelling in the religious communities. He promoted peace, understanding, disarmament and brotherhood."
  188. "Ibàñez del Campo and Leguía y Salcedo were nominated for their efforts to settle the profound and long-lasting conflict between Chile and Peru over the Tacna-Arica provinces, a source of conflict between the two countries. The nominators emphasized the importance this diplomatic settlement would have for the South American continent."
  189. "Ibàñez del Campo and Leguía y Salcedo were nominated for their efforts to settle the profound and long-lasting conflict between Chile and Peru over the Tacna-Arica provinces, a source of conflict between the two countries. The nominators emphasized the importance this diplomatic settlement would have for the South American continent."
  190. "Colcord actively promoted US membership in the League of Nations and the International Court of Arbitration. He also furthered American participation in drafting the Briand-Kellogg Pact."
  191. "Giglio-Tos founded the student association 'Corda Fratres, Fédération Internationale des Étudiants' in 1898. It was based on the principle of mutual understanding and devoted to the ideas of peace. He worked for closer understanding between France and Italy, and for the creation of a World Parliament for students and professors to meet annually and discuss world problems."
  192. "Schoenaich was a former army officer who, because of his knowledge of military technology, became an opponent to war and advocate of democracy, pacifism and radical disarmament. He became president of the German Peace Association (Deutsche Friedensgesellschaft). Schoenaich also held several peace lectures and he wrote extensively on peace."
  193. "Wehberg was a member of the Institute of International Law and publisher of the periodical Die-Friedens Warte. He advocated pacifism and contributed to the development of the field of international law and arbitration."
  194. "Madariaga was nominated for his leadership of the disarmament section of the Secretariat of the League of Nations (1922-28), and for serving as Spanish representative to the League of Nations Assembly and Council. Madariaga contributed to secure peace through his contribution to the development of the juridical principles of the League."
  195. "Firedrich Siegmund-Schultze was nominated for his scholarship and religious activity, but also his undeviating devotion through tragic times to world peace and international understanding."
  196. "Henderson strongly supported the League of Nations, and when he was foreign secretary he worked to strengthen the League in order to guarantee international security. He was chairman of the League of Nations Disarmament Conference from 1932 to 1935 and he actively worked to establish an armament limitation plan."
  197. "Anzilotti was appointed a judge of the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague in 1921. He presided over the Court from 1928 to 1930."
  198. "Nyholm was a former judge of the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague."
  199. "Besant was actively involved in educational and humanitarian work in India. She established the Indian Home Rule League in 1916, and she was elected leader of the Indian nationalist congress in 1917. The nominator stressed her efforts to solve the Indian "problem", and thereby secure world peace by uniting East and West. Besant was the international president of the Theosophical Society (1907-1933)."
  200. "Remarque was nominated for his novel Im Westen nicht Neues (All Quiet on the Western Front) 1929, in which he depicted a realistic picture of the German army and the horrors of war."
  201. "He was nominated for the book Les illusions évolutionistes."
  202. "Heering had written a book called De Zondeval van het Christendom (1928), in which he advocated peace, pacifism and anti-militarism while criticizing the German State Church."
  203. "Munch was nominated for his energetic advocacy of international disarmament, both as Danish politician and as member of the Inter-Parliamentary Union and the Permanent International Peace Bureau."
  204. "Clémentel was nominated for his contribution to the establishment of the International Chamber of Commerce, and for being an advocate of peace, pacifism and international understanding."
  205. "Lady Aberdeen advocated peace and understanding through her work as president of the International Council of Women."
  206. "Verraux was nominated for his advocacy of reconciliation, democracy, pacifism and radical disarmament. He held numerous lectures and speeches on peace"
  207. "Cornejo worked for a peaceful solution to the conflicts between Bolivia and Paraguay, and between Peru and Colombia. He had written La lutte pour la paix (1933) and L'équilibre des continents (1932). Cornejo contributed greatly to international peace work, but mostly he advocated peace in Latin America."
  208. "Coudenhove-Kalergi initiated, promoted and led the Pan-European Movement from the 1920s. He devoted his life to the idea of a 'united states of Europe'. Coudenhove-Kalergi opposed and criticized the Russian political system and in 1933 he warned about a new World War. He also initiated the Pan-European economic conference in Vienna in 1934. The nominators considered the Pan-European idea to be the axis of a new and realistic peace policy."
  209. "Brown was Honorary Secretary of the War Resisters International (1923-1949), an association of conscientious objectors to military service. The association opposed any participation in, or preparations to war. Brown was a Christian pacifist."
  210. "Heerfordt was nominated for his advocacy of a 'United States of Europe'. This European constellation ought to be more firmly organised than the League of Nations, and to hold sufficient executive power in order to prevent war."
  211. "Karnabeek was nominated for his efforts to advocate peace, neutrality and international law. He had been secretary of the first Peace Conference at The Hague in 1899, and he was later secretary of the International Conferences on International Law at The Hague (1900, 1904), Dutch delegate to the Peace Conference 1907, Foreign Minister 1918-27, leader of the Dutch delegation to the League of Nations 1920-27 (President of the assembly 1927), chief delegate to the Washington Conference 1921-22 and the Genoa Conference 1922. He also initiated the neutral conference on drafting the regulations for a permanent international court in 1920. Karnabeek presided over the Dutch association of the League of Nations."
  212. "Pratap gave up his property for educational purposes, and he established a technical college at Brindaban. In 1913 he took part in Gandhi's campaign in South Africa. He traveled around the world to create awareness about the situation in Afghanistan and India. In 1925 he went on a mission to Tibet and met the Dalai Lama. He was primarily on an unofficial economic mission on behalf of Afghanistan, but he also wanted to expose the British brutalities in India. He called himself the servant of the powerless and weak."
  213. "Scialoja was nominated for his contribution to international law and for his activity within the League of Nations. He represented Italy at the Versailles Peace Conference 1919-1920, and he was member of the commission that drafted the Covenant of the League of Nations (1919). Scialoja was also one of the drafters of the Pact of Locarno."
  214. "Alvarez was nominated for his contribution to the reconstruction and codification of international law. Delegate to several Pan-American congresses. He advocated 'American international law'."
  215. "Laval was nominated for his general achievements as politician, and for his efforts as Prime Minister to find a solution to Germany's payments problem due to the financial crisis in 1931. Laval, together with Samuel Hoare, developed the so-called Hoare-Laval Plan for the partition of Ethiopian territory between Italy and Ethiopia (Abyssinia), in order to solve the conflict between the two states. The plan clearly favored Italy, and was not implemented due to British opposition."
  216. "Papanastassiou was nominated for his efforts to further peace and cooperation between the Balkan states. His idea of a Balkan union was adopted by the 7th Peace Congress in Athens and Delphi in 1929. In 1930 Papanastassiou organized and presided over the first Balkan Conference in Athens and Delphi. He also advocated disarmament, the League of Nations and inter-parliamentary cooperation."
  217. "Princess Djabadary had written the libretto to an opera that carried a peaceful message. The opera was composed by her husband."
  218. "Dohrn had directed and developed the zoological station in Naples during the post-war international and economical difficulties. Proponent of reconciliation and cooperation."
  219. "Gerlach had opposed William II's (German emperor and King of Prussia 1888-1918) policy during World War I, and he was working for German reconciliation and rapprochement with France while he was president (later executive member) of the German Human Rights League. He advocated pacifism and peace."
  220. "Hudson was nominated for his work to give prominence to intellectual freedom and his efforts to establish a world government."
  221. "Cseh was nominated because the peace prize would be 'a well deserved recompense for his apostolic action for international understanding and peace'. He had been working for peace for more than 22 years, and from 1920 he had devoted his entire life to the peace cause. Cseh wanted to make people understand each other by means of a common language, and he chose the international language Esperanto as his tool. He founded a special institute at The Hague that was working on reconciliation of mankind."
  222. "Pilsudski was a revolutionary who had helped establish independent Poland in November 1918. He was the first chief of state of independent Poland from 1918 to 1922, and he was also commander in chief of the Polish army. In 1920 he defeated the Russian Red Army, and in late 1922 he became chief of the general staff. He resigned from office in May 1923 and went into retirement. In 1926, after an economic depression, Pilsudski marched on Warsaw, and the government resigned. Pilsudski was elected president on May 31, 1926, but he refused to take the honor, and instead he assumed the Ministry of Defense. He was the major influence in Poland for the rest of his life, and he was especially influential in Polish foreign policy."
  223. "Vieites had formulated a plan that would end war if it were carried out. He wrote extensively on law in general, and in particular on penal legislation."
  224. "Kelsen had established a constitutional school based on his doctrine of government (the Viennese school). Kelsen stated that a theory of law should validate and give order to law itself, and his doctrine sought to understand the state from a juridical viewpoint not depending on political, social and psychological arrangements. An ardent supporter of a law reaching beyond the single states, Kelsen stressed the importance of establishing a system of international law emancipated from any political views."
  225. "Efremoff founded and organized the Russian Inter-Parliamentary Group (1909). He worked within the League of Nations to establish an international mediation institution by proposing an International Institute of Conciliation. He published many articles on the subject in the Revue de Droit International."
  226. "Banerjee was nominated for his book Secrets of Religion and Way to Peace."
  227. "Roosevelt had taken an active part in the fields of politics, economics and culture in order to secure world peace. He was nominated for his efforts to end World War II."
  228. "As one of the most effective advocates in Great Britain of the League of Nations and the United Nations."
  229. Ossietzky worked for the organized German peace movement until 1921 (he resigned from his post as secretary of the German Peace Society because he disagreed with its policy). He became foreign editor of the Berliner Volkszeitung, a democratic and anti-militaristic newspaper. Later he became editor of Das Tagebuch and Die Weltbühne. Ossietzky criticized the Nazi Party and the disparities of the Weimar Republic, while he actively advocated justice and democratic rights. He warned against anti-Semitism, opposed the death penalty, supported reconciliation with France, and he advocated the acceptance of Germany as an equal member of the League of Nations. When Hitler became chancellor in 1933 and the Nazi Party became the predominant political power in Germany, Ossietzky was arrested and confined to a concentration camp.
  230. "When Saavedra Lamas became foreign minister in 1932 he brought Argentina back into active participation in the League of Nations. Saavedra Lamas drafted the Antiwar Pact of 1934, and it was signed by Italy, USA and 14 Latin-American countries. The Antiwar Pact of 1934 was intended as a means to secure an armistice in the Gran Chaco War between Bolivia and Paraguay. It condemned all forms of aggressive war, and any territorial change not effected by peaceful means was not to be recognized. Saavedra Lamas persuaded the foreign ministers of Bolivia and Paraguay to participate in the sessions of a conciliation commission he had formed, and on June 12, 1935, the two foreign ministers signed protocols ending the hostilities between Bolivia and Paraguay."
  231. "Evershed wrote extensively on peace to promote fraternity of nations, peace congresses and means to abolish the war-thought. He had initiated and was a member of the Tasmanian branch of the League of Nations, and he actively promoted the League of Nations in Australia."
  232. "De Mello Franco was nominated for his role as mediator in the conflict between Colombia and Peru."
  233. "Hull was nominated for his efforts to improve relations between the USA and Latin America. He encouraged détente and a spirit of peace on the American continent through his Pan-American policy, the so-called 'Good Neighbor Policy'. Hull also made efforts to establish a liberal economic policy and to remove international trade restrictions."
  234. "Coubertin was nominated for his efforts to diminish world tensions by reviving and arranging international Olympic Games for amateur athletes in 1894 onwards. He initiated the founding of the International Olympic Committee, and he was its second president (1896-1925)."
  235. "Hoare, together with Pierre Laval, was nominated for developing the so-called Hoare-Laval Plan for the partition of Ethiopian territory between Italy and Ethiopia (Abyssinia). The plan clearly favored Italy, and was not implemented due to British opposition."
  236. "Michael had initiated the use of a poppy as a symbol of remembrance and hope in the aftermath of World War I. It was adopted as the National Emblem in commemoration of American soldiers who perished in France, and in 1920 the American Legion adopted the poppy as the National American Legion Memorial Flower."
  237. "Morehead had been leading the American Lutheran relief work in Europe since 1919, and since 1921 in Russia especially. This relief work had been initiated by the American National Lutheran Council, of which Morehead became President in 1923. He contributed to the founding of the Lutheran World Convention, and he was elected Honorary President of the Convention in 1935."
  238. "Ploetz was the founder of racial hygiene in Germany. He was nominated because he issued a warning against the biological consequences that war inflicted upon human reproduction."
  239. "Trujillo Molina seized power in a military revolt against President Horacio Vásquez in 1930."
  240. "Vincent was elected President of Haiti in October 1930, by a national assembly (the first since 1918) controlled by nationalists."
  241. "Irma Schweitzer was the author of the book Sur le chemin de la Paix, which the nominator considered to be eminently suitable for teaching."
  242. "Bruce promoted peace and goodwill in international politics, and he expounded the ideals of the Australian people when he represented Australia at various international conferences. He was Prime Minister 1923 to 1929, and Australia's representative to the Council of the League of Nations for three years. He was appointed Australian Resident Minister in London 1932, and High Commissioner from 1933."
  243. "Cases-Carbó promoted Catalan autonomy. He also advocated the formation of a United States of Europe, with a Mediterranean union as its starting point."
  244. "Fimmen was elected secretary both of the International Federation of Transport Workers and the Association of International Trade Unions in 1919. He was forced to leave the latter in 1923; he had encouraged a joint action by the European trade unions against the new dangers of war and for the protection of the German working class. Fimmen was re-elected in 1924, agitating for a proletarian revolution in order to establish a union of free proletarian republics."
  245. "Szold had established a home in Palestine for Jewish people, and after 1933 she helped numerous German Jews to a new life in Palestine."
  246. "Mukherjee was nominated for his pamphlet War and Peace."
  247. "Gandhi advocated racial, social and political peace, and he was 'a living incarnation of the ideal of peace itself' while leading the Indian nationalist movement in a non-violent struggle against British rule. Gandhi managed to unite conflicting religious groups in peaceful cooperation guided by the ideals of Ahimsa ('noninjury') and Satyagraha ('truth force'). In 1915 he was given the popular title Mahatma (Great Soul) by Rabindranath Tagore."
  248. "Jouhaux was nominated for his efforts to advocate peace and reconciliation between the French and German working classes after World War I. He actively opposed the capitalist interests of the armament industry. Jouhaux promoted peace through his work in the French and the international labor movement. He was also one of the founders of the International Labor Organization."
  249. "Ferris was nominated for his brochure The Democratic Constitution, in which he outlined an electoral system which guaranteed unanimity in choice of every spokesman or representative. This would secure perfect harmony in the counsels of all assemblies, local, national, and international."
  250. "Kautsky was nominated for his works Krieg und Demokratie and Sozialisten und Krieg. He tried to reveal the factors that caused society to go to war and to shed light upon the sociology of war. Kautsky believed that if society knew what caused war, then it would be possible both to prevent war and to establish lasting peace. He based his research on reality and actual facts, and not on some farfetched fantasy. He also fought against civil war ideology."
  251. "Cérésole was the founder of an international voluntary relief service (Service volontaire international pour la paix). The relief service was to be an alternative for conscientious objectors to ordinary military service. The organization acvocated mutual understanding, helpfulness and brotherhood."
  252. "Haile Selassie was nominated for his impressive contribution to uniting the African states, and championing the universally accepted principles of law and international politics."
  253. "Catt was president of the International Female Suffrage Alliance. She initiated the Women's Peace Party in Washington in 1915, and she was one of the delegates to the International Women's Peace Congress at The Hague in 1915. Catt was chairman of the Committee on the Cause and Cure of War 1925-1932. She worked to create greater understanding between persons from different countries."
  254. "Chamberlain was nominated for his contribution to the Munich Agreement (September 30, 1938). The agreement accepted Hitler's claim that Czechoslovakia had to cede the Sudetenland to Germany. It was seen as a successful attempt to prevent the outbreak of a general war in Europe."
  255. "Hitler was the leader of the German Nationalist Socialist Party. The nomination was withdrawn by nominator E. G. C. Brandt, an anti-fascist member of the Swedish parliament who never intended his submission to be taken seriously.
  256. "Churchill was nominated for his efforts to end World War II."
  257. "Livinov was nominated for his efforts to end World War II."
  258. "Smuts was nominated for his efforts to end World War II. South Africa's main role in the war was to help the allies in preventing Germany and Italy from conquering North Africa."
  259. "Stalin was nominated for his efforts to end World War II."
  260. "Eden was nominated for his efforts to end World War II and for his work to solve the Indo-China conflict."
  261. "Balch had actively worked for peace since 1915, and she had been one of the leaders of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom since 1919. She promoted disarmament, and she opposed US isolationism and neutrality, claiming that neutrality was selfish. Balch strongly advocated the need to resist fascism and aggression through non-violent methods and international co-operation. She also established summer schools to promote peace. During the 1930s she aided Jewish refugees fleeing persecution in Nazi Germany. Initially she opposed WWII because she opposed all war in general, but she supported US entry into the war in 1941. Balch saw Nazism as the personification of evil and a threat to humanity that had to be stopped."
  262. "Kollontai was nominated for her diplomatic efforts to end war and hostilities between the Soviet Union and Finland during the negotiations in 1940-44, and for her work for the benefit of the Nordic countries."
  263. "Boyd Orr was responsible for Great Britain's food policy during World War II, and he actively promoted international coordination of food supplies. In 1945 the UN Food and Agriculture Organization was formally established, and Boyd Orr became its director-general. He initiated the founding of the International Emergency Food Council in 1946, and its aim was to meet the urgent need to revive agricultural production in order to prevent the famine that threatened numerous countries in the world."
  264. "Beskow was nominated for his work in the Christian peace movement."
  265. "Curtis was nominated for his efforts to organize general education internationally."
  266. "Zimmern was an important contributor to the founding of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)."
  267. "Pius XII was nominated for his peace work during and after World War II."
  268. "For his work for peace in Germany."
  269. "Roosevelt was nominated for her work to further understanding between people of different races and between people from different nations, especially while serving as Chairman of the UN Commission on Human Rights."
  270. "Johannes Ude was nominated because of his peace promoting writings, lectures and actions. He has contributed to peace through his relentless resistance to the Nazi regime, his reform policy, and his pacifist work."
  271. "Aranha was nominated for his peace efforts when he was serving as Brazilian ambassador to the USA, and for his work while serving as president of the UNO."
  272. "Glasier was nominated for her humanitarian work in England and elsewhere."
  273. "Molotov was nominated for his efforts to secure peace and democracy during and after World War II."
  274. "Bustamante advocated international co-operation, especially in Latin America. He wanted to use international law as a means to achieve mutual understanding and to establish a common law system that could be used to solve international disputes."
  275. "Guerrero was nominated for his work as President of the Permanent International Court of Justice and the International Court of Justice. He was instrumental in ensuring the Court's survival of WWII. In 1945 he published the book Organisation Internationale de la Paix, arguing that an international government invested with limited powers should be established. In 1946 he initiated a conference where five Central-American states discussed the possibility of a federation. Guerrero was considered the most prominent representative of international law and arbitration."
  276. "Renner was nominated for his peace work during World War I, and for his policy in favour of the principles of the UNO after World War II."
  277. "Wallenberg was nominated for his efforts to rescue Hungarian Jews during World War II. In 1944, he established 'protected houses' flying the flags of neutral countries, where Jews could be protected from deportation to concentration camps. He also distributed food and clothing to Jewish prisoners and tried to provide some of them with papers and money so that they could escape from the Nazis. Wallenberg advocated peace and humanitarianism through his work for Jewish refugees."
  278. R. Wallenberg was arrested by Soviet authorities in Hungary in January 1945. He was sent to a prison in the Soviet Union, and it is assumed that he died imprisoned in 1947.
  279. "For his work for an international Peaceforce."
  280. "Milhaud was nominated for his works on international political economy."
  281. "Otto Lehmann-Russbüldt was nominated for his efforts to create free and independent Europe, and his contribution to peace through organizations and literature."
  282. "Harry S. Truman was nominated for his efforts to promote brotherhood of nations, and establish international associations to achieve a lasting peace."
  283. 1950: "Cassin was nominated for his work to promote peace and human rights, contributing to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights"
  284. "McCoy was nominated for his work to democratize Japan after World War II."
  285. "Pearson had organized 'The friendship train', a voluntary relief program for Europe."
  286. 286.0 286.1 "Juan and Evita Perón were nominated for their humanitarian efforts in Argentina particularly on promoting labor rights, championing women's suffrage, eliminating poverty and establishing charities to the working-class Argentines."
  287. "Tocornal was nominated for his contribution to international law, especially Latin American relations."
  288. "Montessori furthered international understanding through her educational work."
  289. "Bunche was nominated for his successful mediation in the first Arab-Israeli war (1948-1949). He made the conflicting parties agree to an armistice in 1949. The nominators also emphasized the fact that Bunche was colored, and that the Nobel Committee would contribute to peace itself by awarding the Peace Prize to him."
  290. "Marshall was nominated for the Marshall Plan (The European Recovery Program) which he proposed in 1947. The nominator emphasized the Marshall Plan's value as a peace-keeping factor."
  291. "Häfliger was nominated for his work as representative of the International Committee of the Red Cross during World War II."
  292. "King Paul I was nominated for his contribution to end the Greek civil war. The nominators emphasized the importance of his efforts in the cause of peace."
  293. "Reves was nominated for his work to establish a world government."
  294. "Evatt was nominated for his work in United Nations."
  295. "Lemkin was nominated for his efforts to prevent genocide and for his contribution to the convention concerning genocide."
  296. "Nehru established parliamentary government in India, and he had been one of the principal leaders of the independence movement. He was nominated for his neutralist foreign policy and for upholding the same principles as Gandhi."
  297. "Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was nominated for his courageous struggle for peace and reconciliation among the nations. Through his work in international organizations like U.N.E.S.C.O and his intellectual pre-eminence and scholarly writings Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan has consistently laboured for international Peace. He is noted for promoting international understanding by emphasising the unity of spiritual values and the great thruths which have been revealed to all."
  298. "Chauduri was nominated for his book A Constitution for World Government and for his work for World Peace and World Federation."
  299. "Corti founded the first Pestalozzi Children's Village in Switzerland to care for orphans and refugees displaced by the World War II."
  300. "Hutchins worked for international understanding and for the establishment of a world government."
  301. "Clarence Streit was nominated for his conception of a Federal Union of the self-governing democracies. The work done by Mr. Streit in supporting a convention of the Atlantic Democracies was of substantial corollary benefit toward the unity of the western world. Streit was noted for his work to establish a world government and for cooperation in Europe."
  302. "Allawerdi promoted music as an important factor in international peace work."
  303. "Dobson was nominated for his philanthropism, especially his efforts to fund international friendship journeys."
  304. "Honegger was nominated for his effort to promote international understanding through educational means."
  305. "Hyde was nominated for his authorship on international law and his significant scholarly contribution to several arbitration cases."
  306. "Jackson was nominated for his contribution to the prosecution of German war criminals in the Nuremberg trials."
  307. "Paulet was nominated for his work for reconciliation between different classes and nationalities through the organization Parti Travailliste Français."
  308. "Shawcross was the chief British prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials (1945-46). He was nominated for his contribution to the prosecution of German war criminals and his determination to bring justice to the victims of the war."
  309. "Queen Wilhelmina was nominated for her involvement in the summoning of the two peace conferences at The Hague in 1897 and 1907. She was also nominated for her philanthropic effort during World War I, her strong opposition to Nazism and her contribution to the liberation of colonial areas."
  310. "Vauthier was the founder and the director of the International University Sanitarium in Leysin in Switzerland. He promoted international understanding."
  311. "Buchmann was nominated for his peace efforts, especially his work in the Moral Rearmament movement. He founded the movement in 1920s as the Oxford Group. It based its teaching on the 'Four Absolutes' (honesty, purity, unselfishness, love). Later, as the MRA (1938), it became more involved in political and social issues, particularly during the Cold War period when its anticommunist orientation found a receptive climate."
  312. "Dreyfus was nominated for a book about the presupposition of a world organization."
  313. "Trygve Halvdan Lie was nominated for his great contributions to many peaceful solutions in international conflicts, as former General Secretary of the UN he has been a great promotor of international peace."
  314. "For his contribution in founding the United Nations and his literary work on international issues."
  315. "Lester Bowles Pearson was nominated for his effective contribution to the organization of a firm structure of peace an international organization. Pearson has been largely responsible for the growth of Canadas influence in world affairs, and has on several occasions played a leading role as mediator and negotiator in the crises which the United Nations has had to face."
  316. "For his work for a World Government."
  317. "For his contribution to bring about reconsiliation between the Great Power Countries and th United Nations."
  318. "For his contribution in international cooperation, in particular on questions on undeveloped areas, and as president for UN's 4th General Assembly."
  319. "Nominated for his books on World Government."
  320. "Nominated for her book Creators of the modern Spirit."
  321. "Nominated for his Pan-American work and his contribution for creating international understanding."
  322. "For his literary work on social-political and international issues."
  323. "Nominated for having founded a reform school in Heidelberg in 1910 and later after moving to Switzerland a similar school there, the Ecole d'Humanité."
  324. "Kersten was nominated for his work to save civilian POWs from German concentration camp, his contribution to peace and his efforts to save human lives during the Second World War."
  325. "For her work for reconciliation and work in Pestalozzi Children Village in Switzerland."
  326. "For his work as UN Commisionar in Eritrea"
  327. "For his work as Secretary General in The Interparlamentarian Union."
  328. "For his work to improve economic undeveloped areas."
  329. "For his literary work on international problems."
  330. "For his work for establishing the International Court of Justice."
  331. "Nominated for his work as UN negotiator in the Netherland/Indonesia conflict, and as UN representative in India and Pakistan."
  332. "For his work in the League of Nations and UN."
  333. "Nominated for his work in UN and his work for Pan-americanism."
  334. "Candido Mariano de Silva Rondon was nominated for his activities in favour of the indians of Brazil. He also promoted peace while acting as a president of the Arbitration Committee in the conflict between Columbia and Peru, concerning Leticia."
  335. "Margaret Sanger was nominated for her outstanding ability to see the serious consequences of uncontrolled increase of population."
  336. "For his work as leader of Worlds Health Organisation andfor creating a most valuable tool for peace through their literary works."
  337. "Josué de Castro was nominated for his active part in all organisations working for world peace, especially his outstanding service to the establishment of permanent peace and towards the abolishment of hunger."
  338. "For his book The Tragedy of the Baltic States and his work in a D.P. camp."
  339. "Nominated for the international importance of her work for deaf and blind people, and for showing the stimulating effect of The International Brotherhood Idea."
  340. "Nominated for his work for reconciliation among nations."
  341. "Earl Attlee was nominated for his fine work for the cause of world government, amongst other work, speaking on numerous occasions in the House of Lords and for his support to the League of Nations before 1939 and to the United Nations since 1945."
  342. "For his work for peace and his country."
  343. "Davies was nominated for his work for a World Parliament. He was a member of the Liberal Party and was the leader of the party from 1945 til 1956 and was also President of the Parliamentary Association for World Government."
  344. "He has, since 1904, used his life for better understanding between East and West and for promoting peace in the world."
  345. "For his effort in negotiations ending the Indochina War."
  346. "Mensching and Trocmé were nominated on behalf of the American Friends Service Committee."
  347. "Mensching and Trocmé were nominated on behalf of the American Friends Service Committee."
  348. "For his work for a democratic Germany, and for including Germany in a European Community."
  349. "Gertrude Baer was nominated for her able and devoted service to the Women´s International League for Peace and Freedom."
  350. "Dwight Eisenhower was nominated for his many acts to prevent war and ensure world Peace, and for his work for peace and for his "atoms for peace" program presented for the U.N."
  351. "William V. S. Tubman was nominated for his efforts in favor of the independence movement in Africa and his work to ensure democratic conditions in the new states."
  352. "He has discovered the fundamentals of peace amongst the various races whose Creeds differ, namely accepting the one Harmonizing Fact of One Great Spirit."
  353. "For his work for peace and reconciliation."
  354. "For his work as an artist and humanitarian."
  355. "Martin Buber was nominated for his effort of creating an understanding between Israelis and Arabs."
  356. "Frank Charles Laubach was nominated for his devoted work to equalize the opportunities off all people. In particular, he instigated and was the Chief Executor of a program to dispell illiteracy in all parts of the world."
  357. "Dominique Pire was nominated for his work to aid refugees in Europe. Also for his idea of creating homes for elderly refugees by making European villages is very original, but very practical."
  358. "Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld was nominated for his effective personal efforts to create peace. Hammarskjöld has contributed to the establishment of peace in the world in may ways, especially through his position as General Secretary for the UN."
  359. "Jan Bata was the founder and chief executor of a large-scale, self-supporting colonization project in Brazil, the humanitarian scope and non-political nature of his work towards peace was particularly worthy of recognition."
  360. "Ole Fredrik Olden was nominated for his contribution to peace through his lectures, as chairman in the Norwegian Peace Organization and the Norwegian Peace Council, and as the Chief Editor of the Norwegian peace publication Verden Venter. His speeches at the international congresses have been of great value and inspiration."
  361. "Alfred Parker was nominated for his initiative to nominate August 6th (the International Peace Commemoration Day), and organizing the International Peace Committee. Dr. Parker was also the founder of a peace movement where fruit trees are planted in big cities to secure foods to be divided to all citizens concerned."
  362. "Charles Gibrin was nominated for his work for 'brotherhood of man' by adopting common measures to protect against nuclear danger, and take lead in the defence of peace because when better organized, risk of being attacked is less."
  363. "Boris Gourevitch was nominated for composing the two volume work, The Road to Peace and to Moral Democracy. This work necessitated twelve years of research and writing, describes a thorough and coherent doctrine for the redirection of international law and of the world economy into paths leading to peace and social progress."
  364. "For his exceptional talents to create harmony between the people´s and the organization of peace among Nations"
  365. "Joseph Retinger was nominated for European cooperation."
  366. "Mehr Chand Davar was nominated for working ceaselessly and devotedly for the cause of national and international peace and promoting Hindu-Muslim unity."
  367. "Norman Cousins was nominated for his services to the ideas of world peace, and for challenging the policy and practice of nuclear defense and warfare."
  368. 368.0 368.1 "Alva and Gunnar Myrdal were nominated for their many services to the international community and their promotion of international understanding."
  369. "Lady Baden-Powell was nominated for her international contribution as a founder of the Scout movement for girls."
  370. "Robert Debré was nominated for his work worldwide with child protection."
  371. "Constantine Diamantopoulos was nominated for his authorship about international subjects."
  372. "Werenfried Van Straaten was nominated for his work with helping clerical refugees from Eastern Europe."
  373. "Norman Bentwich was nominated for his contribution of encouraging the understanding between races and nations."
  374. "Louis Sohn, together with Grensville Clark, was nominated for engaging in comprehensive efforts to formulate in full detail world institutions which are essential for the achievement of total disarmament and the establishment of effective world law for the prevention of war."
  375. "Grenville Clark was nominated for working towards developing an effective organization for world peace, which resulted in his book World Peace through World Law. He has also been meeting with the leaders of the world to advance the cause of world peace."
  376. "Beniamino Bufano was nominated for his work for folk reconciliation."
  377. "Oskar Helmer was nominated for his work with refugees."
  378. "Nobusuka Kishi was nominated for his work for disarmament and banning of nuclear weapons."
  379. "Howard A. Rusk was nominated for his rehabilitation work."
  380. "Bichare Tabbah was nominated for his juristical work and authorship."
  381. "Felix Kir was nominated for his work with mutual 'adoption' of cities around the world."
  382. "Basil O'Connor was nominated for his humanitarian contribution internationally regarding poliomyelitis."
  383. "Eugene Black was nominated as President of the Internal Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Through the years he has facilitated the development of electric power, roads, sea ports, factories, schools and health care all over the World."
  384. "Charles Braibant was nominated for his contribution to international cooperation between archivists, for his work in the cause of peace through his wrintings with a strong pacifist convition, and his work with International Archive Associations and facilitating understanding between people of different nationalities."
  385. "Hermann Gmeiner was nominated for his work with the SOS Children's Villages as it promotes understanding and reconciliation between people, and providing a solution to one of the most painful post-war problems."
  386. "Frederick Buick was nominated in recognition of his dedicated work for the cause of world peace. With his devotion to this all important cause he has accomplished a great deal for its consummation during major crisises. He is a contributor and editor of the bulletin The Gist."
  387. "Raoul Follereau was nominated for his exemplary devotion to the cause of the lepers, with a decisive influence on the outcome of the battle against leprosy."
  388. "Cyrus S. Eaton was nominated for his contribution with organizing the so-called 'Pugwash-conference' with participants of well-known scientists from various countries, and for his unswerving devotion to friendship and understanding among nations of the world, especially between the Soviet Union and the United States."
  389. "Umberto Campagnolo was nominated for his contribution to the European cultural debate."
  390. "Albert J. Luthuli was nominated for his non-violence methods in the struggle for equality between races in South Africa."
  391. "Linus Pauling was nominated for his lectures and initiating debates concerning the importancy of demolishing or restricting weapons of mass destruction."
  392. Pauling is the second nominee to win two Nobel Prizes after Marie Curie.
  393. "Arnaldo Fortini was nominated for his work with national reconciliation since World War I."
  394. "José Gonzales Garcia was nominated for his work with inter-American cooperation."
  395. "Marie Elisabeth Lüders was nominated for her work with understanding between peoples."
  396. "The twinbrothers Angelo and Salvatore Jaguinto was nominated for their work with an international legal system since 1914."
  397. "The twinbrothers Angelo and Salvatore Jaguinto was nominated for their work with an international legal system since 1914."
  398. "Gertrud Kurz-Hohl was nominated for her consistent work for refugees, and initiating the Austrian Peace Service, one of three branches within the organization Austrian Service Abroad. She has tirelessly worked for peace through reconciliation and understanding between the people of the World."
  399. "Giulia Scappino Murena was nominated in the hope that her voice, singing about human brotherhood, will become a sign of harmony for the divided humanity."
  400. "Lotta Hitchmanova was nominated for her opposition to the Nazi regime during the second world war, her work with refugees, and organizing the small beginnings of the Unitarian Service Committee."
  401. "Lutz was nominated for his humanitarian afforts to save Hungarian Jews from Nazi persecution when he was Swiss ambassador in Budapast during the Second World War."
  402. "Luigi Spinelli was nominated for having written Pace universale e governo dei popoli."
  403. "Fenner Brockway was nominated for throughout his entire life having worked unremittingly for peace, for freedom and for human well-being."
  404. "Vinoba Bhave was nominated for his long commitment to peace and social reform, and great work for peace in the middle of Asia."
  405. "Charles Alexandrowicz was nominated for founding the Indian Year Book of International Affairs and the Grotian Society, and through these strengthening the bonds between the nations of the world, especially those of Asia and the West."
  406. "Danilo Dolci was nominated for the social and peace-promoting work to which he has dedicated his life, helping the desperately poor in western Sicily and his considerable success in leading them in nonviolent ways."
  407. "Mrs. Alexander Hadden was nominated for her co-founding of the Institute of World Affairs."
  408. "Urho Kekkonen was nominated for his tireless efforts and success at keeping peace and security in the Nordic countries, and therefore contributing to civic peace and reconciliation in the World."
  409. "Dr. E. Stanley Jones was nominated for his more than 50 year long missionary work in India. Through his Christian preaching he has contributed to reconciliation and inspired Christian values amongst people. He has also authored many literary works."
  410. "Fritz von Unruh was nominated for his poetry and literary impact on the German society after the Second World War. Through his literary work and his speeches, he has served the cause of peace and understanding amongst peoples."
  411. "James William Fulbright was nominated for his significant role in the initiation or support of U.S Government policies such as the provision of economic and technical assistance to other nations, disarmament under international supervision, and persistent support for self-determination on the part of the people of the old colonial empires."
  412. "Bertrand Russell was nominated as a philosopher, teacher and writer promoting Peace and preventing the spread of nuclear weapons, and for focusing his energy and abilities to the work of preventing a third war and thermonuclear extermination of millions of human beings."
  413. "Catherine Devilliers was nominated for her book Lieutanant Katia describing events under the Second World War."
  414. "Heinrich Grüber was nominated for his work during the Nazi Regime in Germany on behalf of persecuted persons. He has later continued his work for racial, religious and political minorities, and is fighting discrimination wherever it may appear."
  415. "Stella Monk was nominated because of her achievements as director of the Commonwealth Friendship Movement. Her dedication to creating friendship, mutual understanding, and respect among people in the Commonwealth has contributed to unity and friendly co-operation between the nations of the World."
  416. "Fook-Woo Poon was nominated for his literary work. His book Welfare State is a practical and concrete contribution to ensure world Peace."
  417. "Daisetz Suzuki was nominated for his high cultural achievements."
  418. "Stephen Galatti was nominated as founder and director of American Field Service International Scholarships. Through his organization he as contributed to spreading knowledge and understanding between the countries, and in this way laid the foundation for peaceful coexistence."
  419. "Adolfo Lopez Mateos was nominated for his many action to create a more peaceful world. He is pacifist and humanitarian, and has done much to prevent war."
  420. "Gordon Gilkey was nominated for advocating peace and international understanding to preserve the monuments of life and art through education and international cultural understanding."
  421. "Yogi Maharshi Makesh was nominated for his work for individual inner peace, peace within the community and for world peace, and for founding the Spiritual Regeneration Movement, and through his meditation method which has brought peace to hundreds of thousands of people."
  422. "Paul Gray Hoffman was nominated for his work and administration of the Marshall plan. In addition he has served on the Boards of Directors of numerous organizations, working in unofficial ways to promote understanding and world co-operation."
  423. "Josip Bros Tito was nominated for his persistent fight for peace and justice in the World."
  424. "Martin Luther King Jr. was nominated for his work and witness which promotes the dignity and worth of the human person, and for his efforts in a nonviolence campaign in favor of the civil rights of blacks in the United States."
  425. "Jess Gorkin was nominated for proposing and campaigning for the direct telephone connection (The Hot Line) between Washington and Moscow which was established in 1963."
  426. "Josef Lukl Hromádka was nominated for his efforts in the ecumenical movement, and working for peace and understanding between people."
  427. "Lyndon Baines Johnson was nominated for his devotion to world sympathy and understanding, and for steering American foreign policy towards peaceful channels with an adherence to international cooperation."
  428. "Woodland Kahler was nominated for his work as President of the International Vegetarian Union, whose work encourage fraternization across borders and species."
  429. "Joseph Needham was nominated for his efforts to tear down ancient barriers which divide mankind, especially those between China and the west. His work Science and Civilisation in China is his main effort."
  430. "Paul-Henri Spaak was nominated for advocating with eloquence and conviction for a close union of the European countries, highlighting the community of culture that exists."
  431. "Norman Thomas was nominated for his effort to achieve the test ban treaty and universal disarmament, and his wholehearted dedication to the cause of peace."
  432. "Hans Thirring was nominated for his work in the international peace movement and his fight against the misindoctrination of youth through the educational system. His involvement in UNESCO and the Pugwash conferences is also emphasized."
  433. "Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi was nominated for introducing important social reforms in Iran that helped secure peace in the Middle East, and negotiating in a conflict between Pakistan and Afghanistan from 1961 to 1963."
  434. "Guido Guida was nominated for founding the 'Centro Internazionale Radio-Medico', an organization that offers medical advice to all seaborne vessels that need it, promoting the idea that humanity is without borders."
  435. "Abraham Vereide was nominated for his work towards the elimination of war from society, and efforts toward world-brotherhood and interracial fraternity through his Christian payer and action group."
  436. "Marc Joux was nominated for his work to create a climate for thought and action, a public movement, in favour of enhancing human condiions and a grander peace, and in bringing forth ideas that may create a movement to facilitate a broad and solid international understanding in a climate of détente and security."
  437. "Karl Arne Geijer was nominated for his valuable work in the international trade union movement. This work has contributed to the lessening of world tensions and has facilitated the ordlerly transformation of many areas from a colonial status to independence. He has made a significant contribution to the peace of the world."
  438. "Mohammed Hedjazi was nominated for his eminence as a pacifist writer."
  439. "Galo Plaza Lasso was nominated for his extensive and successfull [sic] peace-making, and the unusual ability he has demonstrated in this work. He has a career of distinguished national service, and has been willing to undertake arduous, hazardous and extremely vital international assignments in pursuit of peace."
  440. "Adlai Ewig Stevenson II was nominated for his great and lasting contribution to the cause of world peace through his diplomatic skill in the council halls of the United Nations."
  441. "Shigeru Yoshida was nominated for his efforts to prevent the Pacific War although it was in vain, and his devotion to the restoration of peace."
  442. "Situ U Thant was nominated for his efforts in promoting peace as a representant of his country and later as secretary-general of the UN, and for his efforts to create the conditions that are necessary for negotiation, which in their turn could lead to peace and relieve tension in the world."
  443. "Paulus VI was nominated for his efforts for universal reconciliation, shown in various statements that was given during his visit to Jordan and Israel."
  444. "Jan Tinbergen was nominated for contributing to a more rational economic policy and co-ordinated planning in western countries, and devoting himself to the improvement of standards of living in poor countries."
  445. "Habib Ben Ali Bourguiba was nominated for his efforts towards a peaceful coexistence between the Arab world and Israel."
  446. "Joseph Leo Cardijn was nominated for his great achievements for the cause of peace through the worldwide establishment of the movement he founded, the Young Christian Workers, and his untiring quest for universal brotherhood resting on social justice."
  447. "Leopold Sedar Senghor was nomianted for his efforts to bring people together in friendship and cultural understanding."
  448. "Adam Rapacki was nominated for having done pioneering work in expanding and strengthening Poland's foreign relations, thus paving the way to relaxation of tension and to the consolidation of friendly relations and cooperation between East and West.."
  449. "Joaquin Sanz Gadea was nominated for his humanitarian activities as a doctor in contributing to the peace in Stanleyville and in Kisangani, without thinking of politics, race or religion."
  450. "Kathiresu Ramachandra was nominated for having dedicated his life to the cause of peace. His peace mission promotes inter-communal, inter-racial harmony on the local levels, inter-religious harmony and international understanding and peace."
  451. "Binay Ranjan Sen was nominated for his exceptional contribution to the peace of the world through his work at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)."
  452. "Susan Ryder was nominated for her personal dedication and inspiring example and leadership to encourage the forces of mercy and compassion against those of brutality and aggression, leading to war."
  453. "Quincy Wright was nominated for his work as an international jurist, social scientist, and pioneer of peace research."
  454. "Norman Ernest Borlaug was nominated because of the great impact his research on wheat has had in the field of food distribution in developing countries. Such an improvement on the social and economic circumstances of people in the poor part of the world is an important contribution to the creation of a stabile international environment."
  455. "Alfonso Garcia Robles was nominated for his work in negotiating the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America, and for his other services to international goodwill and understanding."
  456. "Yoshio Koya was nominated for his many outstanding services to humanity. It is largely through his pioneering efforts as a world-renowned gynaecologist that the birth rate and rate of induced abortions in Japan have declined."
  457. "Eric Wyndham White was nominated for his ability to protect the principle of international economy, establish the foundation for future development of the world trade, and preserve the world peace in this way."
  458. "Y. C. James Yen was nominated for having devoted his life to finding effective solutions to common problems that plague the rural population in developing countries, and enabling them to realize their great human potential, for the ultimate benefit of themselves and of all mankind. He has contributed in a most effective manner to strengthening the foundations of world peace."
  459. "Halvard Lange was nominated for his valiant effort on behalf of effectively organizing and maintaining the peaceful coexistence of all nations, for his efforts to normalize the circumstances in Europe after the Second World War and further reconciliation and understanding. He has given his whole life to the service of peace and understanding between peoples."
  460. "Ralph White was nominated for his many scientific contributions to brotherhood among nations by advancing the scientific study of psychological causes of international misunderstanding and war."
  461. "John S. Knight was nominated for having courageously waged an editorial campaign for the causes of international and domestic peace for decades. By personal example and as a publisher and editor of several distinguished newspapers he has been a leader in the fight for tolerance."
  462. "Frans Hemerijckx was nominated for devoting his life to help people suffering from leprosy in Africa and Asia."
  463. "Vincent Ferrer was nominated for having revitalized an ever-widening area of famine-threatened India with a movement based on the most fundamental of human values, a most significant contribution to the achievement of peace in our age. His work recognizes a significant change in the objective of missionary endeavours and leads directly to uplifting the poor and exploited by means of education and self-help projects."
  464. "René Maheu was nominated as Director General of UNESCO. The organization and its achievements have born the impress of his leadership, which has been marked by extraordinary vision, strength and wisdom."
  465. "Ernst Bloch was nominated as a representative of the prophetic-messianic ideas and the peace idea."
  466. "John Collins was nominated for his devotion and altruistic work towards the cause of peace. He has also undertaken great humanitarian efforts through organizations like the Christian Action and the Defence and Aid International, which he created."
  467. "Giorgio la Pira was nominated for his work as a scholar and teacher, and as an indefatigable promoter of initiatives in favor of peace in the world."
  468. "Alexander Dubček was nominated for the vital contributions he has made to the interest of enduring peace. He has never lost sight of the ultimate goal of trying to bring about an effective formula for total disarmament among the great powers with an accepted system of mutual inspection."
  469. "William Chapman Foster was nominated for his most praiseworthy endeavor towards and recognition of the need of peace for all mankind, especially in connection with bringing to fruition the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, and all that he has contributed to the cause of peace since he was made Director of the United States Arms Control Agency and Disarmament Agency."
  470. "John Davison Rockefeller was nominated for, throughout his life, having attempted to contribute to peace and the well-being of mankind without regard to race, religion, ideological differences, diversity of national origin or cultural background."
  471. "Noam Chomsky was nominated for his great practical and theoretical contribution to the American peace movement, and hence to the cause of world peace."
  472. "Harry Willis Miller was nominated for his work to build the foundations for world peace."
  473. "Kaoru Hatoyama was nominated for her contribution to the reopening of diplomatic relations between Japan and the U.S.S.R., and Japan's entry into the United Nations, for her contribution to the Yuai (fraternity) movement and for her achievements as an educator."
  474. "William Bertalan Walsh was nominated as the founder, president and medical director of Project HOPE, the world's first peacetime hospital ship. HOPE's accomplishments in international understanding, friendship and health have, and will continue to have, an effect on world peace."
  475. "Herman B. Wells was nominated for being a pioneer and a continuing and successful protagonist in the struggle towards peace."
  476. "Athenagoras I was nominated for his work to bring together and harmonize the different churches in a spirit of true Christianity."
  477. "Paul Dudley White was nominated for his extraordinary merit for peaceful understanding and friendly co-operation between cardiologists all over the world. He has dedicated his life to furthering the liberal ideas of international humanism and demonstrating how small and large countries can participate in the friendly settlement of serious medical problems."
  478. "Alfred Verdross was nominated for his works, teachings, and efforts to strengthen solidarity between peoples and establish a world order that promotes the well-being of mankind. He has, theoretically and practically, in Austria and in the whole world, worked towards peace and its institutional realization."
  479. "Radwanski was nominated for his literary work which has opened the prospect of a new and realizable level of international harmony above all racial, national, and ideological boundaries."
  480. "Charles Kaisel Bliss was nominated for creating a most valuable tool for peace through his literary works."
  481. "Spurgeon Milton Keeny was nominated for his dedication and concern for the welfare of humanity. He has devotedly worked towards bettering the state of life for peoples in the world and contributed greatly to the fight against diseases and later population control in Asia."
  482. "Elie Wiesel was nominated for being a messenger of peace and brotherhood, fighting in for the cause of human rights and building bridges between generations through his literary works."
  483. "François Duvalier was nominated for his philosophy and his work for the poor masses of his country."
  484. "Britta Holmström was nominated for her pioneering work with refugees, initiating Praghjälpen (Prague Aid) and contributing greatly to the possibility of world peace."
  485. "Eugene Carson Blake was nominated for being a leader in the ecumenical movement, civil and human rights, and world peace."
  486. "Isaac Lewin was nominated for his literary works and his fight against discrimination and for the promotion of human rights."
  487. "Hélder Câmara was nominated for his unique role in one of the poorest areas of Latin-America as a leader of the progressive minority of the Catholic Church. Furthermore, he has been a leading spokesman for non-violent methods to further social change and he has played an important international role by contributing to a greater understanding in industrialized countries of the social reality in one of the poorest areas in the world."
  488. "Willy Brandt was nominated for his part in bringing about accords that have been among the most important events in the post-war period in favour of international détente and peace. His conduct was both a great symbol of humility and remorse for the past and a great promise for the future."
  489. "R. Buckminster Fuller was nominated for his seminal vision of a world community in which architecture among other arts can create common positive goals to bring people together."
  490. "Arvid Pardo was nominated for his exceptional initiative and outstanding contribution in promoting the peaceful uses of the ocean bed for the benefit of all mankind."
  491. "Cesar Chavez was nominated for the quality of leadership he has shown in the long struggle of farmworkers for human dignity. Through persevering efforts, he seeks to combat poverty and injustice and build a new quality of relationship between men."
  492. "Herbert York was nominated his efforts to de-escalate the arms race and keep political decisions in the hands of representatives of the people and away from machines and military men. He has been a civilizing influence on the government of his country."
  493. 493.0 493.1 "Tage Erlander and Einar Gerhardsen were nominated for contributing to co-operative policy in the Nordic countries and further understanding and tolerance across borders."
  494. "Lyudmil Stoyanov was nominated for being an outstanding peace partisan, anti-fascist, and humanist. He has been an outstanding fighter for peace, social progress and the welfare of all people."
  495. "Randolph P. Compton was nominated for his impressive work for peace."
  496. "Carl E. C. Bonnevie was nominated for his tireless work for the cause of peace."
  497. "Stefan Wyszynski was nominated for his efforts to mediate disputes and prevent violence which could have had tragic consequences for social order and peace."
  498. "Francisco Arasa was nominated for his initiatives and work to create better understanding among men, which are of extraordinary importance for peace in our time."
  499. "Michel Stassinopoulos was nominated for his courage to uphold the law over directives from the Colonels to remove a judge."
  500. "Jean Monnet was nominated for his utmost important contribution to securing long lasting peace."
  501. 501.0 501.1 "Claudio Villas Bôas and Orlando Villas Bôas were nominated in recognition of their lifelong struggle to save the Indians in Amazonia, and their unique achievements in approaching and pacifying primitive tribes and protecting them in Brazil's first national park."

References

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  306. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  307. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  308. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  309. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  310. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  311. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  312. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  313. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  314. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  315. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  316. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  317. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  318. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  319. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  320. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  321. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  322. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  323. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  324. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  325. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  326. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  328. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  329. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  330. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  331. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  332. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  333. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  334. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  335. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  336. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  337. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  338. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  339. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  340. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  341. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  342. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  343. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  344. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  345. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  346. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  347. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  348. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  349. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  350. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  351. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  352. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  353. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  354. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  355. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  356. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  357. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  358. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  359. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  360. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  361. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  362. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  363. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  364. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  365. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  366. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  367. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  368. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  369. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  370. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  371. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  372. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  373. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  374. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  375. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  376. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  377. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  378. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  379. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  380. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  381. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  382. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  383. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  384. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  385. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  386. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  387. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  388. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  389. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  390. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  391. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  392. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  393. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  394. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  395. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  396. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  397. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  398. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  399. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  400. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  401. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  402. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  403. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  404. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  405. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  406. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  407. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  408. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  409. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  410. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  411. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  412. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  413. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  414. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  415. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  416. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  417. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  418. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  419. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  420. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  421. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  422. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  423. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  424. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  425. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  426. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  427. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  428. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  429. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  430. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  431. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  432. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  433. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  434. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  435. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  436. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  437. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  438. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  439. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  440. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  441. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  442. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  443. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  444. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  445. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  446. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  447. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  448. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  449. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  450. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  451. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  452. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  453. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  454. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  455. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  456. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  457. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  458. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  459. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  460. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  461. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  462. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  463. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  464. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  465. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  467. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  468. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  469. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  470. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  471. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  472. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  473. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  474. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  475. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  476. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  477. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  478. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  479. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  480. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  481. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  482. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  483. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  484. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  485. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  486. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  487. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  488. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  489. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  490. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  491. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  492. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  493. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  494. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  495. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  496. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  497. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  498. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  499. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  500. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  501. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  502. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  503. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  504. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  505. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  506. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  507. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  508. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  509. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  510. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  511. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  512. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  513. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  514. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  515. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  517. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  518. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  519. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  520. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  522. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  525. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  526. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  527. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  528. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  529. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  530. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  531. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  532. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  533. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  534. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  535. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  536. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  537. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  538. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  539. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  540. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  541. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  542. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  543. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  544. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  545. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  546. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  547. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  548. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  549. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  550. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  551. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  552. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  553. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  554. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  555. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  556. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  557. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  558. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  559. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  560. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  561. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  562. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  563. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  564. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  565. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  566. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  567. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  568. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  569. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  570. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  571. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  572. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  573. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  574. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  575. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  576. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  577. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  578. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  579. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  580. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  581. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  582. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  583. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  584. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  585. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  586. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  587. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  588. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  589. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  592. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  594. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  600. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  602. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  603. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  615. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  618. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  620. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  628. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  630. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  635. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  657. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  658. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  659. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  660. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  661. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  662. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  663. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  664. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  665. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  666. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  667. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  668. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  669. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  670. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  671. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  672. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  673. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  674. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  675. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  676. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  677. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  678. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  679. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  680. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  681. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  682. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  683. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  684. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  685. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  686. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  687. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  688. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  689. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  690. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  691. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  692. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  693. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  694. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  695. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  696. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  697. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  698. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  699. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  700. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  701. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  702. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  703. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  704. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  705. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  706. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  707. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  708. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  709. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  710. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  711. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  712. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  713. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  714. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  715. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  716. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  717. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  718. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  719. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  720. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  721. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  722. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  723. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  724. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  725. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  726. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  727. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  728. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  729. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  730. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  731. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  732. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  733. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  734. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  735. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  736. 736.0 736.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.