Papuan people
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| New Guinea (Papua New Guinea and West Papua (region), Indonesia), East Timor | |
| Languages | |
| Trans–New Guinea languages, Papuan languages | |
| Religion | |
| Protestantism, Roman Catholicism, Animism, Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Melanesians, Moluccans |
Papuan is an umbrella term for the various indigenous peoples of New Guinea and neighbouring islands, speakers of the Papuan languages. They are often distinguished ethnically and linguistically from Austronesians, speakers of a language family introduced into New Guinea about three thousand years ago.
Contents
Genetics
In a 2005 study of ASPM gene variants, Mekel-Bobrov et al. found that the Papuan people have among the highest rate of the newly evolved ASPM haplogroup D, at 59.4% occurrence of the approximately 6,000-year-old allele.[1] While it is not yet known exactly what selective advantage is provided by this gene variant, the haplogroup D allele is thought to be positively selected in populations and to confer some substantial advantage that has caused its frequency to rapidly increase.
According to various studies, Papuan people, other Melanesians, and Aboriginal Australians are the only known modern humans whose prehistoric ancestors interbred with the Denisova hominin, with whom they share 3–5% of their genome.[2][3]
Papuan ethnic groups
Indonesia territory
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Papua New Guinea territory
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See also
References
- ↑ "Ongoing Adaptive Evolution of ASPM, a Brain Size Determinant in Homo sapiens", Science, 9 September 2005: Vol. 309. no. 5741, pp. 1720–1722.
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- ↑ "About 3% to 5% of the DNA of people from Melanesia (islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean), Australia and New Guinea as well as aboriginal people from the Philippines comes from the Denisovans." Oldest human DNA found in Spain --Elizabeth Landau's interview of Svante Paabo, accessdate=2013-12-10
Further reading
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| Sumatra | |
|---|---|
| Java | |
| Kalimantan | |
| Sulawesi | |
| Papua | |
| Lesser Sunda Islands | |
| Maluku Islands | |
| Non-indigenous | |
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