2019 Koreas–United States DMZ Summit

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

For the 2018 Trump–Kim summit, see 2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit. For the 2019 second Trump–Kim summit, see 2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit.
2019 Koreas–United States DMZ summit
File:President Trump Meets with Chairman Kim Jong Un (48164813552).jpg
Trump (left), Kim (center), and Moon (right) talking together in the DMZ.
Host country  South Korea
 North Korea
Date June 30, 2019
Venue(s) Freedom House, Panmunjom, Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)
Participants South Korea Moon Jae-in
North Korea Kim Jong-un
United States Donald Trump
Follows 2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The 2019 Koreas–United States DMZ Summit was a one-day summit held at the Korean Demilitarized Zone between North Korean chairman Kim Jong-un, U.S. president Donald Trump, and South Korean president Moon Jae-in, following the 2019 G20 Osaka summit. Trump stepped over the border at 3:45 PM (GMT+9) on June 30, marking the first time a sitting U.S. president had set foot on North Korean soil.[1][2][3] Senior White House advisors Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner (Trump's daughter and son-in-law), also attended the summit,[4] with Ivanka Trump and U.S. envoy to S.Korea Harry B. Harris Jr. holding a meeting with Kim later broadcast on North Korean TV.[5][6]

Background

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

See also: North Korea–United States relations

A number of other sitting U.S. presidents had previously traveled to the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and seen North Korea through binoculars, but none had previously met the leaders of North Korea or actually traveled within North Korean territory.[7][8]

Trump and Kim held talks on February 27 and 28, 2019, in the Vietnamese capital of Hanoi, regarding the nuclear issue.[9][10] At Hanoi, North Korea sought the removal of all significant economic sanctions; in return, it proposed partially reducing its capacity to construct new nuclear weapons, while retaining its existing nuclear arsenal. Trump, meanwhile, offered economic aid to North Korea in exchange for denuclearization.[11] The two countries did not come to agreement, and talks eventually collapsed.[10][9] In the aftermath of Hanoi, North Korean state media "angrily denounced the U.S. position" but "refrained from criticizing Trump directly and even referred to the positive relationship between the two leaders, a sentiment consistently echoed by Trump himself."[11]

On June 12, 2019, Trump told reporters that he received a "beautiful letter" from Kim that was "very personal, very warm, very nice," praised Kim's leadership, and said that the letter was a sign that talks would resume.[12] Kim received a reply from Trump on June 23, 2019, which Kim praised as "excellent"; North Korean state media stated that "Appreciating the political judging faculty and extraordinary courage of President Trump, Kim Jong Un said that he would seriously contemplate the interesting content."[13]

Announcement

File:President Trump in Seoul (48162622211).jpg
Moon and Trump announcing the DMZ summit at the press conference

On June 24, 2019, the Blue House confirmed that Trump would be making a visit to South Korea on June 30 and that the White House was trying to schedule a visit to the Korean Demilitarized Zone. On the morning of June 29, Trump, who was attending G20 summit in Osaka, Japan, tweeted, "If Chairman Kim of North Korea sees this, I would meet him at the Border/DMZ just to shake his hand and say Hello(?)!"[14] Five hours later, North Korean Foreign Minister Ri Yong-ho asked the U.S. to issue a formal notice.[15] On the evening of the same day, Ri Yong-ho met with Stephen Biegun, the U.S. State Department's Special Representative for North Korea, at Panmunjom, in preparation for the summit.[16][17][18] During the South Korea–U.S. Summit, South Korean president Moon Jae-in announced that Trump would be meeting Kim during his visit at the DMZ.[19] Moon predicted that a handshake between Trump and Kim at the DMZ would be a "milestone" for denuclearization efforts on the peninsula.[20]

Although the meeting was billed as a spontaneous or impromptu meeting, Kim and Trump had exchanged letters earlier in the month.[21] Andrei Lankov of Kookmin University "said it was inconceivable that the leaders of two powerful nations had arranged a meeting at such short notice. He described it as a 'show' designed to send a political message without raising expectations about actual progress."[22]

Summit

File:Donald Trump went to North Korea.jpg
Trump stepping into the North Korean territory by crossing the low stone curb separating the North and South at 3:45 p.m. KST
File:President Trump Meets with Chairman Kim Jong Un (48162626131).jpg
Trump and Kim at the north side of DMZ; Trump becomes the first U.S. president to step into North Korea since the Korean War.

Following the conclusions of the 2019 G20 Osaka summit in Japan, on June 30, 2019, Trump and South Korean president Moon Jae-in visited the DMZ before the meeting with North Korean leader Kim Jong-un. Kim invited Trump to cross the border line, and Trump briefly crossed in North Korea before crossing back into South Korea together with Kim.[22][23] Trump thus became the first U.S. president to enter North Korea.[24][lower-alpha 1] Before crossing into North Korea, Kim told Trump in English, "it's good to see you again" and "I never expected to meet you at this place",[23] and shook hands with Trump.[23] Trump said it was "my honor" to enter North Korea.[22] During their meeting, Trump also invited Kim to the White House, although later acknowledged that this would probably not occur in the near term.[26] Trump said of Kim: "A lot of really great things are happening, tremendous things. We met and we liked each other from Day One, and that was very important."[22] Moon later joined Trump and Kim, and the three spoke for a brief moment[27] before Kim and Trump held a 53-minute-long private meeting inside the Freedom House.[22]

Trump's top advisor Ivanka Trump, senior advisor Jared Kushner, Secretary of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin, and United States ambassador to South Korea Harry B. Harris, Jr., accompanied Trump to the DMZ.[28][29][4][30][5] Ivanka Trump joined the president in his meeting with Kim.[4][5] Moon did not attend; the North Korean Foreign Ministry had announced a week before that he was not welcome, telling South Korean authorities to "mind their own business at home".[22]

In remarks after the meeting, Kim said, "By meeting here, which is a symbol of division, the symbol of a hostile past...we are presenting to the world that we have a new present, and this is announcing to the world that we will have positive meetings going forward."[31][32][33]

Aftermath

File:President Trump Meets with Chairman Kim Jong Un (48164732841).jpg
Chairman Kim and President Trump speaking to reporters during a press conference

Following the nuclear summit, both sides had announced the resumption of "working-level" nuclear talks.[34][35] U.S. secretary of state Mike Pompeo said that Trump administration negotiators would meet North Korean counterparts to resume denuclearization talks in mid-July.[36] U.S. special envoy to North Korea, Stephen Biegun, would lead the U.S. negotiators; the North Korean lead negotiator has not been appointed, although senior diplomat Choe Son-hui was viewed as a likely choice.[36]

David E. Sanger and Michael Crowley, in an analysis for the New York Times, wrote that in the lead-up to the meeting, Trump administration officials had been internally considering the prospect that a new round of U.S.–North Korea negotiations could lead to the U.S. accepting "a nuclear freeze, one that essentially enshrines the status quo, and tacitly accepts the North as a nuclear power," rather than complete denuclearization.[37] Under this possible outcome, North Korea would halt the growth of its nuclear arsenal, but would not dismantle any of the estimated 20–60 existing nuclear weapons already in its stockpile, and would not curb its ballistic missile capabilities.[37] Biegun said that commentary about possible outcomes was speculative and said he was "not preparing any new proposal currently".[37]

Reactions

South Korea

The meeting was "broadly welcomed in South Korean political circles," including from the ruling Democratic Party (whose chairman called it "another milestone toward peace on the Korean Peninsula") and the conservative Liberty Korea Party, the main opposition party. The chairman of Liberty Korea Party announced that "it is a good sign for breaking the deadlock in the nuclear talks." [38] Myong-hyun Go, Research Fellow of the Asan Institute for Policy Studies which is one of the top 5 think tanks for foreign policy and defense area in South Korea,[39] [40] analyzed DMZ summit as a positive direction. Go emphasized the crucial role of South Korea, President Moon between Trump and Kim as a negotiator. Go also said a small deal between the United States and the DPRK, similar to the Iran nuclear deal, might be feasible if Trump concluded that it was more realistic a big deal.[41] However, Andrei Lankov of Kookmin University stated that both Kim and Trump "needed something that is strong on optics but weak on substance" and that the DMZ meeting was intended to convey a political message without raising expectations about progress toward an actual agreement on the North Korean nuclear issue.[22]

North Korea

File:President Trump Meets with Chairman Kim Jong Un (48164811452).jpg
Chairman Kim and President Trump including U.S. secretary Mike Pompeo, DPRK Minister Ri Yong-ho talking to reporters.

North Korean state media praised Trump's visit as "historic"[42] and "an amazing event", and extensively covered the event for KCNA, the state TV network,[43] and Rodong Sinmun, a state newspaper.[44] Kim was quoted in the Rodong Sinmun as saying that "a dramatic meeting like today could take place in one day due to positive friendly relationship with President Trump."[42] Anna Fifield of the Washington Post and Nic Robertson of CNN described the meeting as an important propaganda victory for Kim.[44][45] However, Foreign Ministry adviser of North Korea Kim Kye Gwan announced that meeting with Trump only served U.S. Interests and pride of U.S. president. DPRK would be interested in another summit with Trump only if U.S. offers mutually acceptable terms between two countries to salvage nuclear diplomacy. [46] [47] [48] [49] [50]

United States

During a news conference with South Korean president Moon Jae-in, Trump falsely claimed that "President Obama wanted to meet and Chairman Kim would not meet him. The Obama administration was begging for a meeting."[51][52][53] Former Trump administration deputy national security advisor K.T. McFarland compared the Trump–Kim DMZ meeting to the Nixon–Mao meeting in 1972, dismissed critics of the meeting, and said "If Kim doesn't deliver on this, I think he may have potential problems within his own leadership cadre."[54]

A number of Democratic members of the U.S. Congress, candidates for the Democratic nomination for president in 2020, and general critics of Trump criticized his decision to meet with Kim. The Joe Biden campaign denounced Trump for "coddling" dictators while making "numerous concessions for negligible gain"; candidate Elizabeth Warren tweeted, "Our president shouldn’t be squandering American influence on photo ops and exchanging love letters with a ruthless dictator."[2] Critics also took exception to the president's decision to meet with Kim two years after the death of Otto Warmbier, an American college student who was arrested and imprisoned by North Korea after being accused of Subversion (through attempted theft of a propaganda poster), and suffered a fatal brain injury in North Korean captivity.[55][56]

U.S. foreign policy analysts were generally critical of the meeting.[57] Jean H. Lee, the director of the Center for Korean History & Public Policy, wrote that, "There's a reason why past presidents chose not to go to North Korea while in office: Such visits grant enormous legitimacy to the Kims."[58] Samantha Vinograd, a member of the National Security Council during the Obama administration, said that by meeting Kim at the DMZ without preconditions attached, Trump was signaling that North Korea was "a normalized, nuclear power."[59] Analyst, columnist, and frequent Trump critic Max Boot wrote that the DMZ meeting was "symbolism utterly devoid of substance" and argued that Kim had taken advantage of a "gullible" Trump to improve his own legitimacy.[60] Commentator S. Nathan Park, however, viewed the third Trump–Kim meeting as a positive trust-building event that could be viewed as "necessary to get the working level talks back on track." Park wrote that although "one must be clear-eyed to the reality that a tangible result has not yet materialized in Trump's North Korea diplomacy," patience could lead to more concrete impacts.[57]

China

China’s foreign minister Wang Yi called the Kim–Trump DMZ meeting a "rare opportunity for peace" and said that Chinese president Xi Jinping had urged the U.S. to "show flexibility" by easing its sanctions against North Korea in gradual "action-for-action" phases, rather than offering sanctions relief only upon complete nuclear disarmament.[61] Cheong Seong-chang of the Sejong Institute, a South Korean think tank, said that in meetings between Kim and Xi in North Korea, "Xi pledged economic cooperation and a security guarantee to North Korea in exchange for Pyongyang's continued effort on denuclearization negotiations."[61] Koh Yu-hwan, a North Korean studies professor at Dongguk University in Seoul, agreed that Xi had facilitated the Trump–Kim meeting.[61]

Other

Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe said that "Japan has been supporting the U.S.-DPRK negotiation process since their Singapore meeting."[62]

The Catholic leader Pope Francis praised the summit as "a step further in the walk of peace" for the Korean Peninsula and "the entire world."[2] [63] [64]

Qatar's Al Jazeera assessed that the DPRK-U.S. summit meeting at the DMZ provided a meaningful stepping stone for Trump's negotiations and created an opportunity to resume the nuclear negotiations with North Korea, which could be an essential milestone in U.S. diplomacy.[65][66]

Post-summit developments

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

See also: 2018–19 Korean peace process

On October 5, U.S. and North Korean officials held working-level nuclear talks in Stockholm, Sweden, but did not reach any agreement.[67] The U.S. side proposed helping North Korea develop the Wonsan-Kalma coastal tourist area (near the Kalma Airport).[68] After the Stockholm meeting, Pyongyang's chief nuclear negotiator Kim Myong Gil said further talks would depend on will of the U.S.[69] Swedish Special Envoy Kent Harstedt expressed cautious optimism that the talks would continue.[70] In November, North Korea’s U.N. Mission announced that the country has gained no progress from U.S although two leaders committed to establishing a new relationship during the first US-DPRK summit. [71] Vice Minister of DPRK Choe Son Hui said another US-North Korea summit would be feasible if U.S. remove “hostile policy” toward Pyonyang. North Korea has called for an end to joint military drills of USFK.[72]

Revitalization of the senior officials channel to DPRK

On September 10, Trump sacked National Security Advisor John Bolton, saying he strongly disagreed with Bolton’s suggestion about applying the Libyan model to the North Korea nuclear deal and mentioning Muammar Gaddafi.[73][74][75] Donald Trump selected hostage negotiator of DPRK Robert O'Brien as the new U.S. national security adviser.[76] [77] Some of Senate Republicans including Lindsey Graham praised Mr Trump's pick and mentioned, He's got great negotiating skills, and "he would be a very sound policy adviser." [78] [79] [80] North Korea envoy Biegun was confirmed as deputy secretary of state which is Pompeo's number two. While Pompeo was recognized as a protector of Trump, Biegun is unknown for his partisanship.[81] [82][83]

Request of working level talk to North Korea

On December 11, During U.N. Security Council meeting, U.S. envoy to the United Nations, Kelly Craft announced that the U. S. is ready "to simultaneously take concrete steps" with Flexible approach, in other words for 'balanced agreement" of the nuclear deal with DPRK.[84] [85] Kelly also warned DPRK that its “deeply counterproductive” ballistic missile tests risk closing the door on prospects for negotiating peace. Craft emphasized that Security Council would be ready to “act accordingly” by Security Council action if North Korea resume “serious provocations". Kelly, chairs a UN Security Council requested DPRK back to the negotiation table for taking concrete, parallel steps toward an nuclear agreement. [86] [87][88]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Former 39th and 42nd U.S. Presidents Jimmy Carter and Bill Clinton had previously visited North Korea after they left office.[25]

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Yonhapnews: 1 July, 2017. DPRK TV - DMZ meeting between U.S. and DPRK https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DB7YkDnDhtw
  7. ↑ Kevin Liptak, Trump takes 20 steps into North Korea, making history as first sitting US leader to enter hermit nation, CNN (June 30, 2019).
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Simon Denyer, North Korea’s Kim receives 'excellent letter' from Trump, state media says, Washington Post (June 22, 2019).
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Kevin Liptak & Allie Malloy, Trump tweets Kim Jong Un an invitation to 'shake his hand' at DMZ, CNN (June 29, 2019).
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Chas Danner, Everything We Know About Trump's DMZ Meeting With Kim Jong-un, New York (June 30, 2019).
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 22.6 Seung Min Kim & Simon Denyer, Trump becomes first sitting president to set foot into North Korea, Washington Post (June 30, 2019).
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ US-North Korea: Trump and Kim agree to restart talks in historic meeting, BBC News (June 30, 2019).
  28. ↑ Trump's DMZ Summit - full recording by DPRK Trump's DMZ Summit Shows How Little Kim Has Conceded on Nukes,DMZ Summit - full recording by DPRK , June 30, 2019
  29. ↑ Margaret Talev & Jon Herskovitz, Trump's DMZ Summit Shows How Little Kim Has Conceded on Nukes, Bloomberg News, June 30, 2019
  30. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  31. ↑ Kim Jong-un and Trump hold historic summit at DMZ and agree to resume working-level talks, Arirang News (June 30, 2019).
  32. ↑ ARIRANG NEWS- 30 June 2019:FULL COVERAGE: Moon, Kim, Trump Hold Historic Three-way Talks On South Korean Soil | ARIRANG NEWS
  33. ↑ Al Jazeera English NEWS- 30 June 2019:Trump confirms he will meet Kim at DMZ | Al Jazeera English NEWS
  34. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  35. ↑ Leo Byrne, Working level talks with North Korea to resume in mid July: Pompeo, NKNews (June 30, 2019).
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 In New Talks, U.S. May Settle for a Nuclear Freeze by North Korea, New York Times (June 30, 2019).
  38. ↑ South Korean party leaders praise Trump-Kim meeting, Yonhap (July 1, 2019).
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  41. ↑ http://www.arirang.co.kr/News/News_View.asp?nseq=240234 Analysis on post-DMZ nuclear talks
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 Dagyum Ji, North Korean media hails "historic" Kim-Trump meeting at Panmunjom, NKNews (July 1, 2019).
  43. ↑ Trump in North Korea: KCNA hails 'amazing' visit, BBC News (July 1, 2019).
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 Peter Weber, North Korea is fawning over the 'amazing' Trump-Kim DMZ meeting. U.S. media is treating it like reality TV., The Week (July 1, 2019).
  45. ↑ Nic Robertson, Trump may meet Kim at the DMZ, but what's the point other than a photo op?, CNN (June 29, 2019).
  46. ↑ North Korea Says It's 'No Longer Interested' in Meetings That Only Serve U.S. Interests, President Trump's Pride https://time.com/5731710/north-korea-united-states-summit-response/
  47. ↑ North Korea says it won’t give Trump a summit for free https://www.militarytimes.com/flashpoints/2019/11/18/north-korea-says-it-wont-give-trump-a-summit-for-free/
  48. ↑ North Korea hits back at Trump implying another summit https://abcnews.go.com/International/north-korea-hits-back-trump-implying-summit/story?id=67102610
  49. ↑ North Korea says no more talks with U.S. just so Trump can boast https://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-envoy-russia/north-korea-says-no-more-talks-with-u-s-just-so-trump-can-boast-idUSKBN1XS0HN
  50. ↑ North Korea no longer interested in 'useless' meetings with US, says senior minister https://edition.cnn.com/2019/11/18/asia/north-korea-us-meeting-intl/index.html
  51. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  52. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  53. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  54. ↑ Charles Creitz, KT McFarland says Trump meeting Kim is like Nixon-Mao statecraft, dismisses critics, Fox News (July 2, 2019).
  55. ↑ Sarah Brookbank, Otto Warmbier trends on Twitter as users aghast at Trump photo-op in North Korea, Cincinnati Enquirer (July 1, 2019).
  56. ↑ Chris Morran, Otto Warmbier Trends on Twitter as Users Call Out Donald Trump for Friendly Meeting with North Korea's Kim Jong-Un, Newsweek (June 30, 2019).
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 S. Nathan Park, Trump's DMZ meeting with Kim kicked diplomacy back into gear, CNN (July 1, 2019).
  58. ↑ Gillian Edevane, 'What a Clown Show': Trump's DMZ Meeting with North Korea's Kim Jong-Un Prompts Divided Reactions, Newsweek (June 30, 2019).
  59. ↑ Eli Stokols & Victoria Kim, [1], Los Angeles Times (June 30, 2019).
  60. ↑ Max Boot, Trump crosses the DMZ, but his diplomacy is on the road to nowhere, Washington Post (June 30, 2019).
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 61.2 Lee Jeong-ho, Xi Jinping calls for 'timely' easing of North Korea sanctions after Trump-Kim meeting, South China Morning Post (July 2, 2018).
  62. ↑ Japan's Abe Responds to Trump-Kim North Korea Meeting, Bloomberg (June 30, 2019).
  63. ↑ Pope Francis Praises Trump And Kim Jong Un's 'Significant' DMZ Meeting https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/entry/pope-francis-trump-kim_n_5d18b5eee4b082e5536acd07?ri18n=true
  64. ↑ As Trump and Kim meet in North Korea, Pope Francis prays for peace https://catholicherald.co.uk/news/2019/07/01/as-trump-and-kim-meet-in-north-korea-pope-francis-prays-for-peace/
  65. ↑ Al Jazeera NEWS- 30 June 2019:Trump meets North Korea's Kim at DMZ in landmark visit | Al Jazeera English NEWS
  66. ↑ Al Jazeera NEWS- 30 June 2019:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yTOlYnhnDNc Trump meets Kim, makes history by stepping into North Korea | Al Jazeera English NEWS]
  67. ↑ North Korea breaks off nuclear talks with U.S. in Sweden, [2]
  68. ↑ US proposed helping North Korea build tourist area amid nuclear talks: report https://thehill.com/policy/defense/policy-strategy/466567-us-proposed-helping-north-korea-build-tourist-area-amid
  69. ↑ North Korea says U.S. must prove "will" to negotiate as "sickening" nuclear talks fail https://www.cbsnews.com/news/north-korea-us-nuclear-talks-sickening-stockholm-meeting-fails-donald-trump-motivations-2019-10-07/
  70. ↑ Swedish Envoy: US, N. Korea Talks Went Longer Than Planned https://www.voanews.com/usa/swedish-envoy-us-n-korea-talks-went-longer-planned
  71. ↑ North Korea says it’s gained nothing from US but ‘betrayal’. https://www.militarytimes.com/flashpoints/2019/11/24/north-korea-says-its-gained-nothing-from-us-but-betrayal/
  72. ↑ North Korea says U.S. responsible if diplomacy over Korea peninsula breaks down https://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-usa-choe/north-korea-says-u-s-responsible-if-diplomacy-over-korea-peninsula-breaks-down-idUSKBN1XW136
  73. ↑ Trump: John Bolton 'made some very big mistakes' https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aFJKf8Dl48w
  74. ↑ Trump sacks national security adviser John Bolton - BBC Newsnight: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4bgFWL45oWM
  75. ↑ Sacked national security adviser John Bolton’s legacy of turmoil https://www.news.com.au/finance/work/leaders/sacked-national-security-adviser-john-boltons-legacy-of-turmoil/news-story/7d35044f50c60f1cbefd4e9282f44044
  76. ↑ Who is Robert O'Brien, Trump's new pick for national security adviser? https://www.cbsnews.com/news/who-is-robert-obrien-trumps-new-pick-for-national-security-adviser/
  77. ↑ Robert O'Brien replaces John Bolton as Trump's national security adviser https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/sep/18/robert-o-brien-us-national-security-adviser
  78. ↑ bbc.com: Donald Trump picks Robert O'Brien as new national security adviser https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-19/trump-picks-hostage-negotiator-obrien-national-security-adviser/11526748
  79. ↑ Robert O'Brien: Trump names new national security adviser. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-49744497
  80. ↑ Trump names new national security adviserhttps://edition.cnn.com/2019/09/18/politics/donald-trump-robert-obrien-national-security-adviser/index.html
  81. ↑ channelnewsasia: North Korea envoy confirmed as Pompeo's number two https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/north-korea-envoy-confirmed-as-pompeo-s-number-two-12198890
  82. ↑ washingtonpost.Senate confirms top North Korea envoy as Pompeo’s No. 2 at State Dept. https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/senate-confirms-top-north-korea-envoy-as-pompeos-no-2-at-state-dept/2019/12/19/e332ed28-22b1-11ea-86f3-3b5019d451db_story.html
  83. ↑ North Korea envoy confirmed as Pompeo’s number two https://asiancorrespondent.com/2019/12/north-korea-envoy-confirmed-as-pompeos-number-two/
  84. ↑ nytimes: U.S. Tells U.N. It Is Ready to Be Flexible in North Korea Talks, Warns Against Provocations https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2019/12/12/world/europe/12reuters-northkorea-usa-un.html
  85. ↑ koreatimes: US ready to be 'flexible' for 'balanced agreement' with North Korea http://m.koreatimes.co.kr/pages/article.amp.asp?newsIdx=280191
  86. ↑ United Nations Security Council meeting Full video: DPR Korea: UN reports "troubling developments" in nuclear weapons & ballistic missiles program https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_l9ovD5BnI
  87. ↑ Washingtonpost US: NKorea missile tests are ‘deeply counterproductive’ https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/us-nkorea-missile-tests-are-deeply-counterproductive/2019/12/11/69ef91b8-1c77-11ea-977a-15a6710ed6da_story.html
  88. ↑ Reuters: U.S. tells U.N. it is ready to be flexible in North Korea talks, warns against provocations https://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-usa-un/u-s-ready-to-be-flexible-with-north-korea-warns-against-provocations-trumps-u-n-envoy-idUSKBN1YF2IR

External links

  • Media related to Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. at Wikimedia Commons

Template:Kim Jong-un

Retrieved from "https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=2019_Koreas–United_States_DMZ_Summit&oldid=726145723"