CXCL1

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha)
PDB rendering based on 1mgs.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1MGS, 1MSG, 1MSH, 1ROD
Identifiers
Symbols	CXCL1 ; FSP; GRO1; GROa; MGSA; MGSA-a; NAP-3; SCYB1
External IDs	OMIM: 155730 MGI: 3037818 HomoloGene: 136748 GeneCards: CXCL1 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • receptor binding • chemokine activity • enzyme activator activity • growth factor activity • CXCR chemokine receptor binding Cellular component • extracellular region • extracellular space • intracellular Biological process • positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis • chemotaxis • inflammatory response • immune response • signal transduction • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • nervous system development • cell proliferation • negative regulation of cell proliferation • actin cytoskeleton organization • response to lipopolysaccharide • intracellular signal transduction • positive regulation of catalytic activity • cell chemotaxis • chemokine-mediated signaling pathway Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2919	330122
Ensembl	ENSG00000163739	ENSMUSG00000029379
UniProt	P09341	Q6W5C0
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001511	NM_203320
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001502	NP_976065
Location (UCSC)	Chr 4: 73.87 – 73.87 Mb	Chr 5: 90.79 – 90.79 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

The chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that was previously called GRO1 oncogene, GROα, KC, neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3) and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha (MSGA-α). In humans, this protein is encoded by the CXCL1 gene.

Function

CXCL1 is secreted by human melanoma cells, has mitogenic properties and is implicated in melanoma pathogenesis. CXCL1 is expressed by macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells, and has neutrophil chemoattractant activity. CXCL1 plays a role in spinal cord development by inhibiting the migration of oligodendrocyte precursors and is involved in the processes of angiogenesis, inflammation, wound healing, and tumorigenesis. This chemokine elicits its effects by signaling through the chemokine receptor CXCR2. The gene for CXCL1 is located on human chromosome 4 amongst genes for other CXC chemokines. An initial study in mice showed evidence that CXCL1 decreased the severity of multiple sclerosis and may offer a neuro-protective function.